Journal of Vocational Education in Agriculture

Black Soldier Fly: Nutrition Source of Layer Hen Raising

2024-03-24T12:10:09+07:00

It's successful and produces outstanding outcomes to raise laying chickens. Must rely on academic expertise from choosing breeds of good-laying chickens include proper house management and a market for the produced goods. But high-quality feed is essential. Presently, costly egg-laying feed expenses are a common issue for poultry producers that raise eggs. Consequently, in order for farmers to lower the cost of feed. Thus, it's intriguing to consider usingblack soldier flyas a feed source for hens that lay eggs. The high nutritional content of black soldier fly includes protein, lipids, amino acids, and fatty acids that are good for the growth and egg production of laying hens. Most black soldier fly usage patterns concentrate on using the larvae in both fresh and dried forms. Based on the data gathered, it was discovered that the black soldier fly larvae stage is the most widely used for rearing laying hens. As a result, the egg production can reach 97–98% at the point where 10–20% of the soybean meal in diet is replaced. There are differences in the amounts and ways that black soldier flies are used as laying hen nutrition. Thus, more research on the ratios, consumption trends, and price of raising laying hens is required.

Mechanisms Suspended Solids Removal Model of Wastewater from Nursing of Tadpoles (Hoplobatrachus rugulosus) Farm by Physical Filtration System

2024-03-27T16:05:44+07:00

The objectives of this study were 1) to study wastewater quality and 2) to create a wastewater treatment model by draining water and settling from tadpole nursery ponds. The study method was divided into two steps: Step 1: Experimental nursery for tadpoles for 30 days to compare the difference in growth rates by t-test statistics at a confidence level of 95 percent between the traditional tadpole nursery, where water changes every day, and the carrying capacity condition nursery, which never changes the water. The wastewater quality was analyzed for constructing the wastewater treatment model in step 2. The results of the study showed that the weight and length of the traditional tadpole nursery were significantly higher than those of the carrying capacity nursery. At a statistical confidence level of 95 percent, the results of the water quality study showed that the turbidity did not pass the standard for effluent discharge from freshwater aquaculture ponds from day 4. Step 2: Apply the Beer-Lambert model to design a wastewater treatment system. The study found that choosing to use the upper sieve No. 60 mesh and the lower sieve No. 400 mesh can decrease the number of suspended solids in the water, which tends to decline the most. The results of both objectives showed that for 30 days of rearing, the wastewater treatment system should transfer water every 3 days by filtering sediment and delaying the time of sedimentation by selecting the upper sieve No. 60 mesh and lower sieve No. 400 mesh before being released into the environment.

Effect of meteorological factors and growing media on growth in Houttuynia cordata Thunb

2023-10-08T14:25:47+07:00

This study aims to examine the meteorological factors affecting the growth of Houttuynia cordata Thunb and investigate the growing medium for the production of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. by analysing the relative/opposition for the correlation of spearman rank correlation coefficient between two meteorological factors. Analyzing the average line of the correlation between two meteorological factors from the linear regression equation. Meteorological differences were tested with Friedman's hypothesis test. After that, the effects of growing mediums were employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 6 replications including; (T1) surface soil:cow dung: rice husk (2:3:5) and fermented bioextracts from fresh fruit (T2) surface soil:cow dung:rice husk (2:3:5) and fermented bioextracts from banana shoots (T3) surface soil (control). Test the difference in the number of leafs, increased number of leafs and the number of plant saplings from the Houttuynia cordata Thunb roots by statistically testing the hypothesis of Kruskal – Wallis. The results showed that light intensity and air temperature had a high opposite correlation with statistical significance at the 95% confidence level. The state of meteorological factors was neutral equilibrium in nursery houses, causing the air temperature inappropriate for the growth of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Number of leaves: The number of leaves increased. And the number of new saplings emerging from the flow of Houttuynia cordata Thunb is not significantly different at the 95 percent confidence level. From the research results, in addition to knowing inappropriate meteorological factors and the efficiency of using materials, Planted together with biological fermentation that has an effect on the growth of plum kao. It also provides guidelines for developing technology to control meteorological factors suitable for the growth of Houttuynia cordata Thunb, according to further recommendations.

The effective removal of the metal ion Pb2+ from an aqueous solution by activated carbon prepared from macadamia nut shell: isotherm and thermodynamic studies

2024-02-16T10:41:12+07:00

The problem of lead heavy metal ion (Pb²⁺) contamination in both surface and underground water sources is a serious problem that affects the health of both people and animals that use the water sources for consumption and should be resolved urgently.
A commonly used and effective method for removing heavy metal ions contaminated with water is by using an adsorbent process. Activated carbon is another adsorbent that has received interest in removing the heavy metal ion Pb²⁺. This research aims to study the characteristics and potential of activated carbon prepared from macadamia nut shells for removing lead ions from solutions. From the study, it was found that the prepared activated carbon has a surface with many micron-sized pores. Contains more than 80 % of the carbon element and has a pH_pzc of 6 at conditions suitable for adsorption. The prepared activated carbon had the highest Pb²⁺ adsorption value of 37.03 mg g^-1, able to remove more than 81% of Pb²⁺. The adsorption isotherm matched well with the Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters DG < O and DH⁰ are equal to -6.39 kJ mol^-1, indicating that this adsorption process is exothermic.

Application of Meta Analysis Methods in Analyzing Temperature Effects on Laying Hens Production

2024-03-27T16:29:31+07:00

The purpose of this research was to apply of Meta Analysis Methods in analyzingtemperature effects on laying hens production .The research process was divided into 4 steps: 1) Gathering reliable data related to temperature effects on egg production from credible sources 2) Grouping temperature levels affecting egg production within the same rearing period to determine frequency and analyze trends3) Testing the differences in frequency of temperature levels affecting egg production using the Chi-Square Test and 4)Validating the temperature levels affecting egg production through in-depth interviews with experts in poultry research and faculty members responsible for undergraduate programs in Animal Production Technology.The results showed thatthe temperatures influencing egg production in starter chickens (0-6 weeks) are 32, 33, and 35 degrees Celsius, while temperatures impacting egg production in grower chickens (7-18 weeks) fall between 21-24 degrees Celsius. For layer chickens (19-80 weeks), the temperature range affecting egg production is between 18-30 degrees Celsius.

Contamination of Microplastic in Cockle at Paknam Prasae Sub-district, Klaeng District, Rayong Province, Thailand

2024-05-27T09:57:20+07:00

Microplastics are now a common marine pollution problem that is affecting on the livelihood of organisms in marine ecosystems. The microplastic contamination in marine organisms are transferred to human via food chain. This study aims to investigate the contamination of microplastics in a total of 450 samples of cockles (Anadaragranosa Linnaeus) from Pak Nam Prasae, Klaengdistrict, Rayong province. Cockle samples were divided into 3 groups, including small cockles (<2.5 cm), medium cockles (2.5-3.0 cm) and large cockles (> 3.0 cm). The microplastics were analyzed using a phase contrast microscope at 40X magnification. The results showed that contamination of microplastic in the small cockles, medium cockles and large cockles with numbers of microplastic at 54.67±11.9, 13.49±3.5 and 19.56±3.8 particles/sample set, respectively. The most common forms and color of microplastics were irregular forms (51.10%) and red color (57.60%). This study revealed the microplastic contamination in cockles from the area of Pak Nam Prasae, Klaengdistrict, Rayong province. These results can be used as a basic information to raise awareness of the pollution of microplastics entering the marine organism and the marine environment, leading to human health risk.

Application of Heat Transfer for Designing Landscapes to Reduce Air Temperature in Buildings

2024-04-02T19:16:10+07:00

The objective of this research was to compare the rate of air temperature reduction per unit time from designing landscapes to reducing air temperature in buildings. The research methodology was divided into four steps. The first step is to select plants, including large, medium, and small shrubs and ground-covered plants. According to the criteria for evaluating the potential properties for use in landscape applications. The second step is to landscape design by creating perspective images, that is, sketching images in a way that looks like real vision from arranging plants that have been selected in different directions and sizes. The third step is to calculate the thermal conductivity of plants and ground cover and finally, application of heat transfer to create a curve for the decreasing rate of air temperature change per unit time. The results of this research show that landscaping designs that maximize the area of large shrubs and are positioned in front of buildings have the greatest trend lines in the rate of temperature change per unit time.

To prepare Learning Experiences to develop Rubber Tapping Competency

2024-04-01T16:04:09+07:00

The research’s purpose is to design and evaluate the efficiency of a Learning Experience (L.E.) to develop rubber tapping performance regarding rubber tapping methods. The research was provided into 3 steps: 1) to design a L.E. to develop rubber tapping competency with 6 components, 2) to do a trial of L.E. to develop rubber tapping competency, and 3) to improve the L.E. to develop Rubber tapping on inefficient topics. The results was shown that the L.E. for develop rubber tapping competencies was consisted of 3 competencies and 5 learning contents; cognitive competencies at the knowledge content analysis, affective domain aspect of appreciating value in knowledge and psychomotor domain at the practical level until fluent in practical. The experiment’s results of the using L.E. shown that all participants in competency development were able to perform correctly within the specified time. The evaluate’s results of the differences in performance rankings of natural rubber tapping revealed that in the cognitive analysis stage, all competency development participants had high performance rankings that were significantly different (D_max_.cal 0.80 > D_max.table 0.708), the affective domain of appreciating the importance of holding a rubber tap knife correctly, the participants in competency development ranked their competency at a medium and high level, with no statistical significant difference (D_max_.cal 0.60 < D_max.table 0.708), the affective domain of appreciating the benefits of tapping rubber correctly and the matter of maintaining rubber tapping knives, all competency development participants had the highest level of competency rankings, with a statistically significant difference (D_max_.cal 0.80 > D_max.table 0.708) and psychomotor domain until being fluent in how to tap rubber, the competency development participants had high and highest competency rankings. There was no significant difference between them. (D_max_.cal 0.60 < D_max.table 0.708). The improving’s results of the L.E. to develop rubber tapping competency was found that there was an improvement in the learning situation in the range of skills regarding the rubber tapping method by increasing the rubber tapping practice from 10 taps to 15 taps in order for the participants to develop their competency and have a better performance ranking.

Effect of fertilizer management on growth, yield and cost of sweet corn (Hokido)

2024-01-31T13:41:03+07:00

The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of fertilizer management on growth and yield quality of Hokkaido milk sweet corn at Farmer in Phatthalung Province. Sweet corn (hokido) was carried out and was applied fertilizers (treatments) at 5 treatments, 4 replications and 20 plants/replication. Treatment 1) chemical fertilizers were applied 5 g/plant/time of 15-15-15 formulae at 15 Day After Planting (DAP), 15-15-15 formulae at 25 DAP, 46-0-0 formulae at 35 DAP (control). Treatment 2) manures were applied 5 g/plant/time at 15, 25 and 35 days after planting (DAP). Treatment 3) chemical fertilizers were applied 5 g/plant/time of 46-0-0 formulae at 15 DAP, 15-15-15 formulae at 25 DAP, 15-15-15 formulae at 35 DAP. Treatment 4) chemical fertilizers were applied 5 g/plant/time of 46-0-0 formulae at 15 DAP, 15-15-15 formulae at 25 DAP, and 15-15-15 formulae at 35 DAP was applied 3 g/plant. Treatment 5) chemical fertilizers were applied 5 g/plant/time of 15-15-15 formulae at 15 DAP, 15-15-15 formulae at 25 DAP, and 46-0-0 formulae at 35 DAP was applied 3 g/plant. A Completely Randomized Design was planned for each treatment. The results showed that plant height, stem width, and number of leaves in the 4^th, 5^th, and 6^th week after planting were not significantly different (P≥0.05) as well as pod width and pod length. The fresh weight had statistical differences. It was found that treatment 4 showed the highest yield (293.41 g/pod), followed by treatments 3, 1, 5, and 2, with the yield of 289.07, 252.71, 222.44, and 215.55 g/pod, respectively, which found that treatment 4 is the best treatment because it can be adapted to increase the productivity yield and reduce the number of fertilizers. Moreover, It is also the most cost-effective. The cost of fertilizing is only 0.19 baht.

The amount of Husk and Straw along with Rubber Tree Sawdust for Substrate to Culturing Bhutanese Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius)

2024-06-13T12:09:41+07:00

This study investigated the use of different mixtures of Rice husk and rice straw, along with rubber tree sawdust, for the cultivation of Bhutanese oyster mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) through a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments included: 1. rubber tree sawdust 100%(control) 2. rubber tree sawdust 50 : rice husk 50% 3. rubber tree sawdust 80 : rice husk 20% 4. rubber tree sawdust 80 : rice straw 20% 5. rubber tree sawdust 33.3 : rice husk 33.3 : rice straw 33.3%. The results showed significant differences in mycelial growth, number of harvests, fresh weight, and length of stalk among the treatments. Treatment 2 (rubber tree sawdust 50: rice husk50%) exhibited the fastest full colonization time at 19.86 days, while Treatment 5 (rubber tree sawdust 33.3: rice husk33.3: rice straw 33.3%) took the longest at 22.91 days. Treatment 3 (rubber tree sawdust 80: rice husk20%) yielded the highest number of harvests, while Treatment 5 (rubber tree sawdust 33.3: rice husk33.3: rice straw 33.3%) yielded the least. For fresh weight, Treatment 3 (rubber tree sawdust 80: rice husk20%) had the highest yield, followed by Treatments 1, 4, 2, and 5 in descending order. Regarding the length of the stalk, Treatment 3 (rubber tree sawdust 80: rice husk20%) had the longest stalks, followed by Treatments 1, 4, 5, and 2. In conclusion, the study suggests that Bhutanese oyster mushroom can be cultivated using a substrate mixture of 80% rubber tree sawdust and 20% Rice husk or 100% rubber tree sawdust without significant differences in yield compared to using 100% rubber tree sawdust alone.