Research Journal Phranakhon Rajabhat : Science and Technology

ENHANCING THE LIFESPAN AND DURABILITY OF BAMBOO (MAI PAI) IN THAILAND

Kittikhun Mangkhang — 2024-06-27

The purpose of this study was to identify local knowledge that can be used to treat bamboo
to render it more resistant to fungi, termites, and snout beetles with the ultimate goal of extending its
life, particularly for construction usage. The experimental setup focuses on three species of bamboo (Bambusa bambos bamboo, rough giant bamboo, and Bambusa vulgaris bamboo), three environments
(darkroom (indoor not exposed to light), indoor, and outdoor), and five traditional approaches to
preserve bamboo (allowed to dry naturally, baked without soaking, baked and then soaked in water,
baked and then soaked in saline, and baked and then soaked in wood vinegar). All three species of
bamboo, the treatments used, and the impact of local wisdom were statistically significant at the 0.05
level. To prevent fungal infestation, all three bamboo species were baked and then soaked in water
or saline before being placed in a darkroom or another indoor environment to dry. Only Bambusa
bambos bamboos was found to be suitable for using outdoors. For all three species of bamboo, baking
followed by soaking in wood vinegar was found to provide great results in protection against the
growthof fungus. However, the applied treatments did not yield protection against termites in any
bamboo.The significance level of the finding that baking extends the useful life of bamboo is 0.05.

IMPROVEMENT OF OYSTER SHUCKING EQUIPMENT AND WORK STATION FOR REDUCING ERGONOMIC RISK AMONG WORKERS IN ANGSILA AREA, CHONBURI PROVINCE

Sujee Phatrabuddha — 2024-06-27

The traditional method for shucking oysters using a pointed iron had a chance of injuring the muscles of their hands and arms, and accidents of piercing hand from a sharp iron. This quasi-experimental research study aimed to improve oyster shucking equipment and work station by using a solid work program, and to compare the ergonomic risk score using a RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) questionnaire between the traditional and new oyster shucking methods among 8 oyster shuckers in Angsila area, Chonburi province. Results showed a new oyster shucking equipment should be made of stainless steel by analyzing factors of resistance to seawater corrosion, strength, service life and price, combined with a new workstation designed for the appropriate height tables and chairs. The results of the ergonomic risk comparison found that the new oyster shucking equipment could reduce wrist and arm injury risk by 91.5 and 87.5 percent, respectively. The RULA assessment score found that ergonomic risk was reduced by more than 57 percent compared to the traditional method. The new equipment can potentially reduce the ergonomic risk score for injuries to the wrist, torso and neck. With supports from the government or local agencies, they could be further developed as a business. This will cause development in terms of production, quality, safety and reduce the risk of occupational diseases among the local occupations.

THE CONTENT OF TOTAL ASH, ACID-INSOLUBLE ASH AND PESTICIDE RESIDUE DETECTION CONTAINED OF ZINGIBERACEAE CRUDE DRUGS IN BANGKOK

Chayanon Chaowuttikul — 2024-06-27

In this study, the total ash content, acid-insoluble ash content, and pesticide residues were
examined in 10 species of the Zingiberaceae family, namely Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm.,
Kaempferia parviflora Wall. ex Baker., Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf., Curcuma longa L., Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe., Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd., Zingiber officinale Roscoe., Kaempferia galanga L., Zingiber montanum (J.Koenig) Link ex A.Dietr. and Curcuma comosa Roxb. All crude drugs were purchased from three herbal drugstores in Bangkok. The total ash and acid- insoluble ash contents were determined according to the Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia. The detection of pesticide residue contamination using the GPO-TM Kit, that for detection of all four pesticide groups. The results showed that the total ash and acid-insoluble ash contents of Z. zerumbet, K. galangal, Z. montanum and C. comosa were under the official standard value that has passed the Thai Herbal Pharmacopeia standard criteria. Pesticide residues from organophosphate and carbamate pesticides were detected in all 10 dried species of the Zingiberaceae family. Nonetheless, pyrethroid and organochlorine pesticides had not been detected. Pesticide residue detection with test kits serves as a preliminary screening. Therefore, the rhizomes should be thoroughly cleansed according to the five principles of Thai traditional pharmaceutical ethics in order to reduce the amount of pesticide residues before being used to prepare drugs that may affect human health.

EXTENSION GUIDELINE OF ORGANIC RICE PRODUCTION OF FARMERS IN BORABUE DISTRICT, MAHASARAKHAM PROVINCE

Jannarong Sanpakaew — 2024-06-27

The objectives of this research were to study 1) knowledge and practices according to farmer group standards for the organic rice production system 2) problems and suggestions regarding organic rice production 3) needs of farmers and extension guidelines regarding organic rice production. 171 organic rice producers in the Borabue district of Mahasarakham province in 2021/22 were the study’s population. The sample size of 120 people was determined by using the Taro Yamane formula with an error value of 0.05 and a simple random sampling method. Data were collected by conducting interview and focus group. Frequency, percentage, minimum value, maximum value, mean, standard deviation, ranking, and content analysis were evaluated for statistical analysis. The results found that 1) Farmers had knowledge regarding the production process lower than 60% on the definition of organic rice, the area used for the production of organic rice and the fertilizer application. They practiced in organic rice production lower than 85% on soil analysis in the planting plots. 2) The problems in organic rice production such as data recording and collection and soil and fertilizer management. 3) The extension guidelines regarding organic rice production were such as (1) creating information perception and publicizing organic rice knowledge; (2) promoting compost and microbial pesticide production; (3) encouraging the production of organic Hom Mali rice seeds; (4) following up and evaluating the results of the extension of organic rice production for standard certification.

THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CHATBOT EDUCATIONAL CONSULTING: A CASE STUDY OF THE FACULTY STUDENTS SRIPATUM UNIVERSITY

Pirapat Chantron — 2024-06-27

The objectives of this research are (1) to develop an intelligent chatbot system for academic
consultation and to enhance machine learning capabilities (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of
the intelligent chatbot system and (3) to assess user satisfaction with the intelligent chatbot system.
In this research, the development of the intelligent chatbot system is carried out through LINE
programming connected to a question-answer database in Google Sheets. Using Jason and Python
scripting app languages, the system learns questions using a Sequence to Sequence Model, focusing
on specific parts of the question sentence that are of interest for learning. The system then provides
responses accordingly. The performance evaluation of the system by three experts found that the overall
assessment was at a high level (x = 4.44, SD = 0.51). Additionally, the satisfaction assessment from
a purposive sample of 200 participants, including 10 faculty or staff members and 190 students, revealed
that overall satisfaction was at a high level (x= 4.04, SD = 0.85). The findings of this research include
the utilization of a selective learning machine model focusing on parts of question sentences of interest,
learned from a dataset of 500 question-answer pairs. This has resulted in increased efficiency and reduced
response time for consultation services provided by center staff.

THE EFFICACY OF THUNBERGIA LAURIFOLIA’S ROOT TREE CAPSULE TO REDUCE THE AMOUNT OF ALCOHOL IN BREATH

Salisa Pumpuang — 2024-06-27

The purpose of this research is to study the efficacy of Thunbergia laurifolia root capsule in reducing
the amount of alcohol breath, and to analyze the amount of alcohol in the breath from the period after drinking. The experimental research was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and double-blinded clinical trial. The samples consisted of 58 men who were interested in this research in Muang district,
Chachoengsao province, passed all the Inclusion- exclusion criteria and equally (29 persons) divided
by simple random sampling into two groups-experimen and control. The data were collected by
breath alcohol testing. The data were analyzed using a statistical independent samples t-test.
The research findings were as follows: 1) Eating Thunbergia laurifolia root capsule caused the alcohol
content in the breath samples helped decreasing more than those who did not eat the capsule significantly at the level of 0.05. The efficacy of reducing the alcohol content in the sample of the breath was effective from 15 minutes, and could reduce the alcohol content by 66.29% in 2 hours to 93.32%. 2) Eating Thunbergia laurifolia root capsule had the alcohol content in the breath for each period of time, different from those who did not eat the capsule. The experimental group had the highest mean value of 77.32±23.31 mg% and the lowest 5.16±6.34 mg%. The control group had the highest mean value of 71.27±11.97 mg% and the lowest 22.58±6.97 mg%. It was shown that the means, maximum and minimum of each period of the two groups were different at a 95% confidence interval.

A COMPARISON OF SHAPE, DIMENSION, AND QUANTITY OF GSR PARTICLES AFTER FIRING BLANK CARTRIDGE AND LIVE AMMUNITION USING SEM-EDX TECHNIQUE

Chonthikarn Boonlert — 2024-06-27

This research aims to: 1) compare gunshot residue after firing blank cartridge and live ammunition
using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques, and 2) compare the amount of gunshot residue after firing blank cartridge and live ammunition using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The experiment involves shooting a 9 mm. handgun and a blank gun to collect gunshot residue samples on the shooter's hand at 0 and 30 minutes. The analysis includes particle analysis, examination of gunshot residue size, and the detection of Lead (Pb), Barium (Ba), and Antimony (Sb) amounts. The results of the research found that gunshot residue particles from live ammunition are more spherical than gun soot particles from blank cartridges, and over time, the characteristics of gunshot residue change from being spherical. The particle size of gunshot residue from live ammunition means 13.017 ± 11.412 microns, while the particle size of gunshot residue from blank cartridges means 10.567 ± 10.007 microns, and an examination of the elemental components in gun soot after 30 minutes, gun soot from live ammunition will have a reduced amount of elements. Meanwhile, the amount of elemental elements in gun soot from blank cartridges decreased not as clearly as from live ammunition. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that the SEM-EDX technique can be applied to analyze the shape of gunshot residue from both live ammunition and blank cartridges. And to use it as a database for forensic science practitioners.

ENHANCING THE EFFICIENCY OF SPIRAL CONVEYOR BELT CLEANING USING ULTRASONIC TECHNOLOGY

Kankamon Sansawat — 2024-06-27

In the food industry, particularly in processing fresh-cut and frozen chicken products, the
European Union (EU) is a major export market with stringent hygiene and food safety standards.
Maintaining the cleanliness and hygiene of production equipment is crucial. Spiral conveyor belts, commonly used in chicken processing, often accumulate grease, oil, starch, and chicken residues,
which can harbor microorganisms. Nowadays, high-pressure water jetting combined with cleaning
agents is widely used but has several limitations. This study introduces ultrasonic cleaning technology
to examine the effects of the cleaning medium type, medium temperature, and cleaning duration
on cleaning efficacy. Experimental results show that using ultrasonic technology at a frequency of 40 kHz,
power of 200 watts, and RO water at 55 °C can fully clean a 15.75 meter conveyor belt in 4.5
minutes. When applied to a 350 meter conveyor belt, cleaning time is reduced from 100 minutes
to 50 minutes, increasing production capacity by approximately 63 tons per month and saving water
costs. This demonstrates that ultrasonic cleaning technology is highly efficient and can be practically
implemented in industrial settings.