Journal of Mahanakorn Veterinary Medicine

The On Top Supplementation of Endoxylanase Enhances Growth Performance and Alleviates Oxidative Stress in Broiler Fed Diets Containing High Non-Starch Polysaccharide

2024-05-22T16:12:31+07:00

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary on-top xylanase supplementation on growth performance and oxidative stress of broilers fed diets containing high non-starch polysaccharide (NSP). A total of 1,500 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 5 treatments with 12 replicates per treatment (25 birds per replicate) using completely randomized design (CRD). The basal diet was formulated to contain high level of wheat and barley as sources of NSP. The experimental diets were supplemented with 5 different levels of xylanase including 0, 1,200, 2,400, 4,800, and 9,600 U/g feed, respectively. The experiment was run for a period of 35 days. During the 1-10 and 11-24 days of age (DOA), dietary xylanase supplementation improved body weight gain (BWG, P<0.05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR, P<0.05) of broilers, but had no effect on feed intake when compared to that of the control group. No significant difference in growth performance among dietary treatments was observed during 25-35 DOA. For overall performance (1-35 DOA), dietary xylanase supplementation had no effect on feed intake. However, xylanase supplementation increased BWG (P<0.05) and improved FCR (P<0.01) of broilers when compared to that of the control group. The on-top supplementation of xylanase at ³ 2,400 U/g feed significantly decreased serum MDA of broilers (P<0.01). The results showed that the on-top supplementation xylanase supplementation improved growth performance and reduced oxidative stress of broilers fed high NSP diets.

Comparison of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) between dogs with chronic renal failure and clinically normal dogs

2024-06-04T18:51:22+07:00

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a common disease in elderly dogs. This condition significantly impacts their quality of life and increases mortality rates. There are many causes of this disease. Inflammation plays a crucial role in CRF, affecting up to 30% of cases. Elevating white blood cell and platelet counts are associated with inflammatory process. The objectives of this study were to compare neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR) ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) between dogs with CRF and clinically normal dogs. Data were collected and analyzed from 55 dogs with CRF and 57 clinically normal dogs. The study found statistically significant differences (P<0.05) that dogs with CRF had the values of NLR = 8.33±7.48, MLR = 0.64±0.64 and PLR = 2.98±2.95 higher than clinically normal dogs that had the values of NLR = 3.79±2.25, MLR = 0.26±0.16 และ PLR = 1.71±0.80. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the areas under curve (AUC) of NLR, MLR, and PLR were 0.70, 0.72, and 0.60, respectively. From all studied data, it was found that the MLR values were significantly different. Using these MLR values to help monitor and evaluate the chronic renal failure in the future should be further studied.

A survey on the prevalence and the risk factors analysis of blood parasite infections in fighting bulls in Sukhothai province

2024-06-12T12:56:04+07:00

The purposes of this study were to examine the prevalence and the risk factors of blood parasite infections in fighting bulls in five districts of Sukhothai province: Muang Sukhothai, Khiri Mat, Thung Saliam, Kong Krailat, and Sri Samrong between May and September 2023. Two hundred and fifty-one cattle blood samples were collected from 134 farms, submitted to Veterinary Research and Development Center (Lower Northern Region), examined by thin blood smear and Woo's method. The questionnaire was used to collect data for analyzing the risk factors of blood parasite infections. The results revealed the presence of 3 types of blood parasites including Microfilaria, Theileria spp. and Trypanosoma evansi. The herd prevalence was 2.24% (95% CI: 0.76-6.38), 1.49% (95% CI: 0.41-5.28), 0.75% (95% CI: 0.13-4.11). Individual prevalence was 1.20% (95% CI: 0.41-3.45), 0.80% (95% CI: 0.22-2.86), 0.4% (95% CI: 0.07–2.22), respectively. The study also found that farms equipped with mosquito nets had a lower prevalence of blood parasite infections with an odds ratio (OR) = 0.08 (95% CI: 0.01 - 0.4, p-value = 0.0006). It is crucial to increase farmers' awareness about improving housing structures to prevent blood-sucking insects, thereby reducing the risk of blood parasite infections in fighting bulls and minimizing economic losses.

Effects of supplementing a monoglyceride blend with salinomycin and a coccidosis vaccine on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens

2024-11-02T10:47:18+07:00

This study aimed to compare the effects of supplementing monoglycerides blend on the growth performance of broiler chickens that received salinomycin (coccidiostat) and a coccidiosis vaccine.The experiment was conducted with 1,260 one-day-old ROSS 308 broilers and lasted for 35 days. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed. All broilers were randomly assigned to six groups with 6 replicates per group and 35 broilers per replicate as follows: 1) control group (no supplementation of the monoglyceride blend and salinomycin), 2) coccidiosis vaccine group, 3) 0.006% salinomycin supplemented group, 4) 0.05% monoglyceride blend supplemented group, 5) coccidiosis vaccine and 0.05% monoglyceride blend group, and 6) salinomycin and 0.05% monoglyceride blend group. The results showed that the final body weight, weight gain, growth rate, and conversion rate to body weight of the group supplemented with salinomycin and monoglycerides blend were significantly better than the other (p<0.01). The supplement of a monoglycerides blend andsalinomycin in broiler chickens feed resulted in improving final body weight, body weight gain, growth rate, and feed conversion efficiency.However, it did not significantly affect carcass characteristics though it showed a tendency to increase the weight of the inner filet. Therefore, the supplementation of a monoglycerides blend with salinomycin and a coccidiosis vaccine in broiler chicken feed could improve growth performance in broiler chickens.

A Study on the Age Range of Puberty of Swamp Buffalo Heifers under an Integrated Farming System in Eastern Thailand

2024-11-02T14:18:41+07:00

Recently, in Thailand, some swamp buffalo breeders have been developing an integrated farming system that incorporates concentrate supplementation, stress-reducing management practices, insemination with proven high-performance bulls and systematic data recording. To facilitate and optimize this process, this study aimed to determine the appropriate age for puberty and reproduction in young swamp buffaloes. Twenty-five swamp buffaloes from six breeder farms in Eastern Thailand were muti-stage sampling selected. The animals were divided into four age groups based on their birthdate records: Group I (18-23 months), Group II (24-29 months), Group III (30-35 months) and Group IV (36 months and older). Physical examinations, including body condition score, body weight and measurements of the pin bone and hook bone, as well as breeding soundness evaluations (including cervical diameter, ovarian structures and progesterone levels), were conducted over a 14-day interval. Cycling buffaloes were identified by a progesterone level (P4) of ≥1 ng/ml at least once during the study period. Statistical analysis of the number of cycling buffaloes in each group revealed that the optimal puberty period for suitable reproduction in swamp buffalo heifers occurred in Group II (24-29 months), with a statistically significant difference noted (P<0.01). However, no statistically significant differences were observed among the groups regarding physical and breeding soundness parameters. This information on reducing the appropriate puberty age for swamp buffalo raised under an integrated farming system may assist in establishing guidelines for breeding programs (utilizing proven bull semen), improving farm management (through concentrate supplementation) and enhancing the lifespan and productivity of buffaloes.