Health Science, Science and Technology Reviews

Comparison of the omega-3 contents in tilapia fed perilla oil supplemented diet with commercially available Atlantic salmon and Pangasius dory

2024-01-16T15:16:51+07:00

Tilapia were fed diets supplemented with 6 % perilla oil (w/w) for 60 days (853 ± 50.90 g). Then, the fish was collected at 0 (control), 30, and 60 days to compare the level of omega-3 fatty acid with those of other tilapia fillet, including Atlantic salmon and Pangasius dory fillet. Our results demonstrated that the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) significantly increased in the tilapia received supplemented diets with perilla oil at 30 and 60 days (p<0.05). Furthermore, the tilapia fed with perilla oil supplements for 30 and 60 days had a significant increase in omega-3 or w3 (alpha-linolenic acid; ALA) by 3.5 and 7 folds, respectively (p<0.05). At 30 and 60 days, the supplementation of perilla oil significantly increased omega-6 or w6 (linoleic acid; LA) by 2.16 and 2.25 folds, respectively (p<0.05). For comparing 60-day-tilapia-supplemented perilla oil with both commercial fishes, ALA in tilapia fillet was higher than that in Atlantic salmon and Pangasius dory fillet by 1.6 and 14 folds. In addition, the dose of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in tilapia fillet was equal to that of Atlantic salmon fillet. The Atlantic salmon fillet did not different (p>0.05) and increased more than the Pangasius dory fillet (p<0.05). Additionally, the w6/w3 ratios significantly decreased by 3.26, 2.20, and 1.65 in the tilapia-supplemented perilla oil for 0, 30, and 60 days, respectively (p<0.05). Moreover, this ratio in the tilapia fillet was similar to that of the Atlantic salmon fillet (2.11) at 30 days of feeding. Taken together, this study indicates that supplementation of perilla oil in diets could be contributed to the accumulation of fatty acids (SFA, MUFA, and PUFA) in fish fillet. Therefore, this finding might be used as a guideline for enhancing the nutritional value of tilapia and other freshwater fishes.

The inhibitory effect of Pogonatherum paniceum extracts on HT29 colorectal cancer cells growth

2024-03-06T16:09:19+07:00

Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent cancer worldwide. It is more common in adults over the age of 50, while environmental and genetic variables have a part to play in etiology. However, studies have indicated that nutrition plays a role in both the cause and prevention of colon cancer. Pogonatherum paniceum (Lam.) Hack (PP) is a grass family with exceptional detoxification properties. This study is focused on the anti-proliferative effect of PP extract and apoptosis related mechanism. MTT, MTS, and colony formation assays were used to evaluate the anti-proliferative activities of human HT29 colon cancer cells. The results suggest that greater concentrations of PP extract reduced the viability of HT29 cancer cells after 48 hours, as shown by an IC₅₀ of 1.2 ± 0.06 mg/mL. Moreover, PP extract induces apoptosis in HT29 cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner (0.5-0.75 mg/mL). In conclusion, PP extract is an alternative treatment for colorectal cancer cells.

Attitudes toward the physical therapy profession among physical therapy students at the School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao

2024-02-15T16:43:26+07:00

The purposes of this research were 1) to study the attitude towards the physical therapy profession among physical therapy students, and 2) to compare the attitudes towards the physical therapy profession between students based on years of education and gender. An attitude measurement towards the physical therapy profession questionnaire was used to collect data, which consisted of 40 questions divided into 6 areas including 1) social values, 2) desired characteristics of the physical therapy profession, 3) professional ethics, 4) physical therapy practice, 5) community physical therapy practice and 6) relations with co-workers, patients, and patients’ relatives. The results found that there were 189 respondents, with an average age of 20.86 ± 1.31 years. Of those respondents, 173 were female (91.50%). The results of data analysis revealed that
1) physical therapy students' attitudes towards the physical therapy profession were at the best level in all 6 areas, 2) statistical differences were found between students in different academic years concerning attitudes towards the profession in terms of the desirable characteristics of the physical therapy profession, community physical therapy practice, and relations with co-workers, patients and patients’ relatives, and 3) no statistical differences were found between genders in terms of attitudes towards the physical therapy profession in all 6 areas. In conclusion, the attitudes of physical therapy students towards the physical therapy profession were at the best level. Attitudes toward the physical therapy profession among students in different academic years were different in some domains.

A comparison of survival rates between end stage renal disease patients receiving hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis at Phayao hospital

2024-02-16T15:42:01+07:00

This retrospective cohort study aims to compare survival rates and investigate the association between renal replacement therapy and all-cause mortality. Data were retrospectively collected from the medical records of patients who underwent their initial renal replacement therapy at Phayao Hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019, and maintained consistent renal replacement therapy modalities throughout the follow-up period. Subsequently, all-cause mortality was monitored until December 31, 2022. Survival rates between hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) groups were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves, and the comparison was made with log-rank statistics. The association between patterns of renal replacement therapy and the risk of all-cause mortality was tested using Cox regression, adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, treatment rights, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease), renal function (eGFR), hematocrit level, and stratified with hyperlipidemia. Results indicated that among 115 individuals initiating renal replacement therapy, 58 (50.4%) succumbed to any causes during a median follow-up of 35 months 21 days. The survival time for HD (59 months 21 days) was significantly higher than for the CAPD group (32 months 18 days) (P = .007). CAPD was also associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to HD, with an adjusted hazard ratio (adjusted HR) of 2.5 (95% CI: 1.28 to 5.05, P = .008). We observed diabetes mellitus as an effect modifier; peritoneal dialysis in diabetic patients was linked to a significantly higher risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio 7.96 [95% CI: 1.67 to 37.84], P-value for interaction = .041). Although this research cannot establish a causal relationship, it suggests the importance of monitoring patients undergoing CAPD. These findings also prompt future studies aimed at improving the survival rate for these patients.

Optimization of extraction conditions of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq

2024-03-07T14:50:40+07:00

The objective of this research was to investigate the optimal condition extraction of phytochemicals (phenolic and flavonoid contents) and antioxidant activity from Orthosiphon aristatus. The first experimental was studied the different extraction methods (maceration, ultrasonic, and microwave) and the ratio of ethanol and water (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:100) on yield of extraction, contents of total phenolic, and flavonoids. The experimental results showed that these two parameters affected the yield of extraction, total phenolic, and flavonoid contents. The optimum extraction conditions were using the ultrasonic method by extraction time with 30 mins and ethanol to water ratio (60:40 and 40:60) for the highest yield of extraction and total phenolic, furthermore, using ethanol to water ratio of 100:0 for flavonoid content.

The second experimental was to determine the effect of single-factor by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Three factors include extraction times (5-90 mins), the ratio of ethanol and water (100:0-0:100) and the sample weight (0.5-5.0 g). According to the analysis results, all single factors significantly affected phenolic, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon aristatus extract (p<0.05). The optimal an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition were followed: the extraction time was 70 min, the ethanol to water ratio of 80:20 and the sample weight with 5.0 g. Under these conditions, the phenolic, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity with 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were 951.17 µg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mg extract, 2.42 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/mg extract and IC₅₀ of antioxidant value of 154.41 µg/mL, respectively.

The study on effectiveness of TRI-PHOL-THAT oil poultice in patients with low back pain syndrome

2024-05-26T19:37:00+07:00

Low back pain is an exceptionally common musculoskeletal problem that significantly impacts the patient's daily activities and quality of life. The goal of this quasi-experimental research was to determine the effectiveness of Tri-Phol-That oil poultice in the treatment of patients with low back pain, Traditional Thai Medicine Hospital, Prince of Songkla University. The study was conducted between December 2022 and March 2023 in 2 participating groups that received Tri-Phol-That oil poultice (n=23) and sesame oil poultice (n=23) for thirty minutes at a time, five consecutive days. Treatment outcomes were evaluated by assessing the impact of low back pain using the Modified Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire, pain score and assessment of the flexibility of the back muscles. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that the Tri-Phol-That oil poultice and sesame oil poultice for five consecutive days significantly reduced the effects of low back pain and reduced the level of pain (p < 0.05) and influenced muscular flexibility was found. Therefore, it can be concluded that oil poultice procedures with Tri-Phol-That oil and sesame oil is effective to relieve lower back pain in patients as their results are approximately similar. Can be used as a guideline for the study and development of clinical practice guidelines as a complementary intervention for the treatment of low back pain in Thai traditional medicine.

Effect of online nutrition information on health promotion behavior and blood glucose controlling in elderly people with diabetes

2024-03-26T10:09:25+07:00

The aim of this research is to provide online nutritional counseling for elderly individuals with diabetes. The target group for this research consists of elderly individuals with diabetes who receive medical services at the community health promotion hospital in the municipal area of Yala province. The sample size is 30 people, selected through specific criteria. The target group is divided into two groups: the control group, consisting of 15 individuals who do not receive nutritional counseling but regular nursing care, and the experimental group, consisting of 15 individuals who receive nutritional counseling. Counseling and the dissemination of information and knowledge regarding food and nutrition for individuals with diabetes was administered through the LINE Official Account application, alternating with group counseling session which took approximately 8 weeks. The researchers studied the knowledge related to nutrition and dietary behavior of elderly individuals with diabetes before and after counseling, then compare with the control group. The results revealed that the personal characteristics of both target groups were not different. After the experiment, the experimental group showed higher nutritional knowledge compared to before the experiment and this difference was statistically significant (p-value<0.05). The experimental group demonstrated effective blood sugar control, with a statistically significant decrease in average blood sugar levels compared to before the experiment (p-value<0.05). Their self-care health behavior also significantly improved (p-value<0.05). The experimental group expressed a high level of satisfaction with the nutritional counseling provided through the application, with an overall average rating of 4.40±0.14. The highest satisfaction was observed in the content aspect, with an average rating of 4.51±0.04. Based on this experiment, we could say that nutritional online consulting that also comes in group can enhance knowledge in experimental group about nutrition for people with diabetes. This helps them to consider and select food that is suitable for keeping a good health, and also helps in blood sugar control. According to this, nutritional online consulting should be applied for people with diabetes further.

Effect of promotion of the flushing and locking technique during the utilization of the intravenous device on the catheter occlusion rate in the Specific Private Nursing Section, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital.

2024-03-26T17:17:15+07:00

Intravenous catheter tip occlusion is the most critical problem associated with the injection port intravenous catheter. The purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to study the effects of the promotion of the flushing and locking technique with the intravenous device on the practice rate versus the catheter occlusion rate pre and post the promotion. The promotion of the intravenous flushing and locking technique was carried out in the Specific Private Nursing Section, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, from July 1^st, 2021 to February 28^st, 2022. The study cohort included the nurses carrying out the catheterization and the patients who underwent injection via a port intravenous catheter. The study tools were a demographic recording form, an observation checklist form, a form to assess flushing and locking knowledge and an occlusion recording form. Occlusion rate and nursing practice pre and post the study were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Nursing knowledge pre and post the promotion was analyzed using a t test and a Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed Rank Test. The results showed that the knowledge score was significantly increased (p<0.001), nursing practice significantly increased from74.66% to 95.33% (p<0.001), and the occlusion rate significantly decreased from 6.90% to 3.67% (p<0.001). Promoting the compliances of nurses with the practice of the flushing and locking technique for prevention of intravenous catheter tip occlusion reduced the occlusion rate and hence improved patient care. This study shows that multiple strategies should be employed to ensure the promotion is sustained and monitored continuously strategies supervision and monitor continuously.

Key Words: Flushing and Locking, IV care, Tip occlusion