Journal of Science and Technology CRRU

Production of Cocoa Kombucha from Cocoa Bean Husk and Cocoa Juice

Juntima Chungsiriporn — 2025-06-27

This research studies the optimal conditions for producing cocoa kombucha beverage from cocoa bean husks and fresh cocoa juice. Study on the effects of cocoa bean husk tea concentration at 4-10% (w/v), initial total soluble solids at of 15-30 ^oBrix and concentrate volume at 10-40 mL. Changes in pH and total soluble solids during the fermentation process were measured, and antioxidant content was analyzed. The storage conditions of the cocoa kombucha beverage were also investigated. The results indicated that the most suitable conditions for producing cocoa kombucha with the highest antioxidant activity were a fresh cocoa tea concentration of 10% (w/v), an initial total soluble solid of 15 ^oBrix, and a concentrate volume of 10 mL. After 7 days of fermentation, the pH value was 3.05 and antioxidant activity reached 55.55%. When the cocoa kombucha was diluted with water at a ratio of 1:0.5 and the total soluble solids were adjusted to 15 °Brix, the most favorable taste was achieved. Storage at 4 °C resulted in increased fizziness and extended the beverage's shelf life to 14 days.

5E Inquiry-Based Learning on Faraday’s Law of Induction: A Comparison of Learning Achievement and Satisfaction Between Hands-On Laboratory Equipment and Interactive Simulations

Patchara Pugsuk — 2025-06-27

This study aimed to investigate students’ learning achievement and satisfaction through 5E inquiry-based learning on Faraday’s Law of Induction, comparing real experiment kits with PhET interactive simulations. The participants were grade 12 students from Chalermprakiat Somdet Phra Sri Nakharin School in Kamphaeng Phet Province. The findings revealed that students using PhET simulations had a higher average score ( = 7.29, SD = 1.01; 72.86%) than those using real experiment kits ( = 6.76, SD = 1.39; 67.65%), with a slight but statistically significant difference. Regarding satisfaction, the PhET group reported a high level of satisfaction ( = 4.26, SD = 0.20), while the real-kit group showed moderate satisfaction ( = 3.50, SD = 0.20). The results suggest that integrating PhET simulations with the 5E model can effectively enhance students’ understanding and engagement in science learning.

Comparison of the Angular Displacement as a Function of Time of a Thin Circle Moving in Simple Harmonic Motion Under an External Force of Magnitude and an External Force as a Function of Time

Artit Hutem — 2025-06-27

This research aims to compute the angular displacement over time of a circular thin loop oscillating like a simple pendulum under a constant external force, as well as the external forces as a function of time. We shall employ the mathematics of non-homogeneous second-order differential equations to determine the angular displacement. The value of the drag coefficient increases, the magnitude of the angular displacement of the circle loop decreases. If the initial external force increases, the magnitude of the angular displacement of the circle loop also increases.

Development of Academic Achievement in Biology, on the Topic of Biodiversity, Senior High School, Using the (5Es) Inquiry-Based

Warinthip Donwatphai — 2025-06-27

This research aimed to compare the learning achievement before and after studying biodiversity among Grade 12 students using the (5Es) inquiry-based learning process integrated with multimedia learning materials. The study also examined student satisfaction with this integrated learning approach. The sample consisted of 31 Grade 12 students studying in the second semester of the 2024 academic year at Wachiraprakarn Wittayakhom School, Kamphaeng Phet Province. The research instruments included eight lesson plans utilizing the (5Es) inquiry-based learning process integrated with multimedia resources on biodiversity, a 45-item multiple-choice achievement test (with five options per item, totaling 45 points), and a satisfaction assessment form for Grade 12 students regarding the integrated learning approach. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and dependent t-test statistics. The research findings revealed that: The learning achievement in biodiversity of Grade 12 students using the (5Es) inquiry-based learning process integrated with multimedia learning materials, after studying it increased from 25% to 75%, which was significantly higher after instruction than before at the .05 statistical significance level. The overall satisfaction of Grade 12 students after learning through the (5Es) inquiry-based learning process integrated with multimedia learning materials was at a high level.

A Study of Factors Influencing the Mathematical Connection Ability Regarding HCF and LCM for Grade 6 Students at Songlowsang School

Phumin Charoenchim — 2025-06-27

This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the mathematical connection ability of Grade 6 students regarding the topics of Highest Common Factor (HCF) and Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) at Songlowsang School. The research focused on examining the relationships between three main factors (1) prior mathematical knowledge, (2) environmental components related to home, school, and teachers, and (3) students’ attitudes toward mathematics—and their connection ability. The sample group consisted of 22 Grade 6 students enrolled in the first semester of the 2024 academic year, selected through purposive sampling.

The research instruments included: (1) a questionnaire assessing the factors influencing mathematical connection ability, consisting of 15 items on a 5-point Likert scale, with a reliability coefficient of 0.85; and (2) a subjective test measuring mathematical connection ability in the topics of HCF and LCM, consisting of 15 items, with a reliability coefficient of 0.80. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test (X²-test).

The findings revealed that: 1) Students’ prior mathematical knowledge had a statistically significant relationship with their mathematical connection ability (p < 0.05). 2) Environmental factors related to home, school, and teachers were significantly related to students’ mathematical connection ability (p < 0.05). 3) Students’ attitudes toward mathematics showed a statistically significant relationship with their mathematical connection ability (p < 0.05). The results suggest that these three factors significantly influence students’ ability to connect mathematical concepts, which can be used to inform instructional design and enhance mathematics education at the elementary level.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Diseases in Cats Visited at the Animal Hospital of Chiang Rai Rajabhat University

Apipawadee Nunthawang — 2025-06-27

A cross section descriptive study was performed to investigate the prevalence and to determine associated factors of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases in 28 cats visited at the Animal Hospital of Chiang Rai Rajabhat University (CRRU) from June to August 2024. Fecal samples were identified using the Direct Smear and Formalin-Ether Concentration techniques. The associated factors of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases were investigated through animal history records and owner questionnaires. The study revealed that the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases in cats was 60.71%, with the prevalence of Toxocara cati at 46.43%. The prevalence of Uncinaria stenocephala, Ancylostoma spp. and Platynosomum fastosum were all 7.14%, while the prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini was 3.57%. The statistically associated factors of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases were open-system farming (p < 0.01) and behaviors such as eating/catching geckos, birds, cockroaches, and rats (p < 0.05). The study results could serve as useful primary information for veterinarians as well as the cat owners in preventing and monitoring gastrointestinal parasitic diseases in cats. This also could be the fundamental information for the further, advanced studies.

Effects of Senna siamea Leaf Extract as a Feeding Deterrent in House Sparrows

Ruchira Khoomsub — 2025-06-27

The study aims to test the effects of Senna siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Barneby leaf extract on the feeding behavior of house sparrows (Passer montanus), with the goal of applying it as a bird repellent. The experiment involved drying Senna siamea leaves and grinding them into a fine powder using a blender. The powdered leaves were then extracted using soxhlet extraction with 70% (v/v) ethanol as the solvent. Birdseed was soaked in the extract for 24 hours at three different concentrations: 2%, 5%, and 10% (w/v), while the control group consisted of untreated birdseed. A total of 12 house sparrows were used in the experiment, with three birds per treatment. Each bird was placed in an individual cage. For the feeding test, 20 grams of food was provided to each bird, and they were allowed to feed freely for 24 hours. After the feeding period, the remaining food weight and the weight of bird feces were recorded. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the differences between the treatment groups. The results showed that the mean food intake among the groups differed significantly (p<0.05). Similarly, the mean weight of bird feces showed a significant difference (p<0.05) compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference in feces weight among the different treatment groups. These findings suggest that Senna siamea leaf extract at the tested concentrations effectively inhibits the feeding behavior of house sparrows. However, the birds' excretion behavior remained normal and proportional to the amount of food consumed.

Waste Reduction in the Production Process of Thermal Conductive Silicone Sheets

Ekkapol Tubpond — 2025-06-27

This research aimed to reduce waste in the production process of thermal conductive silicone sheets used in electronic applications, which is caused by the problem of moisture in the workpiece, resulting in a large amount of waste in the production process and also affects the company in terms of higher production costs. The study began by examining the control charts of the silicone sheets production process. Then, the problem conditions that occurred in the production line were analyzed using the 7QC Tools. The result indicated that most of the waste was due to unstable machine control. Specifically, changes in screw head speed caused inconsistent sheet width. To resolved this issue, a digital camera sensor was installed to detect the sheet size and send signals to a central computer system. This system then automatically instructed the extrusion machine to adjust the sheet dimensions in real-time. The result showed that waste was reduced from 2,800 kilograms per month to 1,437.70 kilograms per month. In terms of cost, waste value decreased from 280,000 THB to 143,769.60 THB per month, a reduction of 51.35 percent.