Princess of Naradhiwas University Journal

Oral Care for a Better Quality of Life: A Nursing Guideline to Prevent Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Cancer Patients

Maneerat Maipimai, Sarinya Thongkhla — Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Oral mucositis is a common and severe side effect in pediatric cancer patients undergoing Oral mucositis is a common and severe side effect in pediatric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. It causes significant pain and discomfort, impacting eating, communication, and treatment plans and potentially leading to additional infections and even death. This academic article aimed to present nursing guidelines for preventing oral mucositis. The content included the mechanism of oral mucositis development, risk factors, risk assessment, and nursing guidelines for prevention and promoting oral care behaviors that can be applied to develop clinical practice guidelines to effectively reduce the incidence and severity of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients. These recommendations will also help improve the quality of life for pediatric cancer patients and their families.

Skin Moisturizing Efficacy of Hand Cleansing Gel Containing Cissampelos pareira Leaves Extract

Anucha Taiwong, Tawanun Sripisut, Naphatsorn Ditthawutthikul — Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Cissampelos pareira leaves are a traditional herbal plant, but their utilization in cosmetics is quite limited. This study aimed to extract C. pareira leaves, develop gel formulations, evaluate their stability, and evaluate the moisturizing efficacy of hand sanitizer gel containing moisturizing agents from C. pareira leaves.

Methods The experimental research, a total of 30 participants were selected by purposive sampling. The data collection was obtained through the measurement of skin moisture using a Moist Sense® and assessing participants’ satisfaction after utilizing the products.

Results The results showed that polysaccharides extracted from C. pareira leaves yielded 30.45 ± 1.18% of dry plant weight. Following the preparation of the gel, it was found that all formulas were successfully developed into gel forms. F1 and F2 formulas demonstrated good stability under accelerated conditions. The F2 formula was identified as the most suitable due to its favorable texture and moderate color; therefore, it was selected for further efficacy testing. The result showed that the F2 formula was not contaminated by four pathogenic microorganisms and exhibited 99.99% bactericidal efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus within one minute. In relation to the effectiveness of moisturizing properties, skin hydration levels significantly increased at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after application compared to baseline values (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the test formula showed significantly higher average skin moisture content than the control formulation at all measurement periods (p < 0.05). In addition, participants reported a high level of satisfaction with both the test and control formula.

Conclusion and Recommendation Hand cleansing gel containing C. pareira leaves extract is effective in maintaining moisture. The extract should be utilized in developing formulations for other moisturizing products.

Development of a Prevention Model for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Unit Patients at Thabo Crown Prince Hospital, Nong Khai Province

Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Patients who undergo endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are approximately 3–20 times more likely to develop pneumonia than general patients. Continuous surveillance and infection prevention are therefore essential, particularly for professional nurses who play a critical role in patient care. This study aimed to investigate the current situation, develop a model, and evaluate the effectiveness of a pneumonia prevention model for mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit at Thabo Crown Prince Hospital, Nong Khai Province.

Methods The research and development were conducted between January 2024 and June 2025 and consisted of three phases: 1) Studying the current situation and needs through a document review and qualitative research involving 10 registered nurses and 4 internists; 2) Developing the model; and 3) Examining the effectiveness of the model. The research instruments were validated by three experts, yielding an Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) ranging from 0.67 to 1.00. The instruments used included the TIH2E Model, an infection data record form, a satisfaction evaluation form, and an observation form for model implementation. A one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was employed. The study sample consisted of 23 registered nurses and 34 patients on mechanical ventilation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the one-sample t-test.

Results A retrospective review (2021–2023) revealed an increasing trend of ventilator-associated pneumonia: VAP incidence. Nursing practice in VAP bundle implementation was incomplete and lacked continuous monitoring. The TIH2E Model comprised: 1) Team (multidisciplinary team), 2) Implementation, 3) Health education (for caregivers), 4) Environment (environmental management), and 5) Evaluation (monitoring and evaluation). After implementation, 76.50 % of patients did not develop VAP. Nurses reported satisfaction levels exceeding 80 %, and adherence to the model was greater than 95 %, with statistically significant improvement (p < .001).

Conclusions and Recommendations The TIH2E Model proved effective in enhancing nursing practices and reducing ventilator-associated pneumonia among mechanically ventilated patients. The model contributes to improved quality of care and patient safety.

The Effects of Transitional Nursing Program from Hospital to Home on Self-Care Behaviors and Readmission Rates among Older Adult Patients with Pneumonia

Hassana Whanprarat, Fusiyah Hayee, Siriphan Siriphan — Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objective Pneumonia is a major cause of hospital readmission and mortality among older adults. Transitional care nursing plays an important role in ensuring continuity of care after hospital discharge. This study aimed to examine the effects of a transitional care nursing program from hospital to home on self-care behaviors and readmission rates among older adult patients with pneumonia.

Methods This study was quasi-experimental. The participants were 52 older adults who were admitted to a general hospital in southern Thailand. They were divided equally into two groups: an experimental group and a control group, each comprising 26 participants. The research instruments consisted of a transitional care nursing program, a readmission record form, and a self-care behavior assessment tool, which was reviewed by five experts, yielding a content validity index (CVI) of 0.98 and a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.98. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, independent t-tests, and chi-square tests.

Results The findings revealed that the experimental group had significantly higher self-care behavior scores after receiving the program, with statistically significant differences from both their pre-intervention scores and the control group (p < 0.01). Moreover, no participants in the experimental group were readmitted within 28 days post-discharge, whereas the control group had a 15.4% readmission rate.

Conclusion and Recommendations The findings of this study indicate that the transitional care nursing program effectively promotes self-care behaviors and reduces hospital readmission rates. It is considered appropriate for implementation in the care of older adults with pneumonia.

Anemia Management Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women in Thailand’s Southern Border Provinces: An Ethnographic Study

Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objective This ethnographic qualitative research aimed to explore the sociocultural phenomena influencing the management of anemia among pregnant and postpartum women in Thailand's southern border provinces.

Methods Data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and continuous field observations with 20 key informants, including pregnant women, postpartum mothers, and family members were purposively selected from in Khok Khian and Bukit subdistricts in Narathiwat province and Yaring subdistrict in Pattani province, data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results The findings revealed three major themes regarding how anemia is managed among pregnant and postpartum women in the southern border area: 1) pregnant women’s physical and lifestyle experiences, 2) beliefs and attitudes of pregnant women and their families, including perceptions of prenatal supplements, iron-rich foods, and misunderstandings influenced by religious and cultural beliefs, and 3) social factors involving pregnant women’s mothers, husbands, husband’s mother, and community leaders, all of whom play roles in anemia management.

Conclusion and Recommendation The findings underscore the need for culturally responsive and family-centered health interventions to improve maternal nutrition and anemia prevention within Muslim communities in southern Thailand.

Effects of the TEDA4I Program on Preschool Children with Developmental Delays in Sub-district Health Promotion Hospitals

Kasemsak Wongseeda , watchara suktae, Sarun Pongnimitporn — Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Sakon Nakhon province has a higher number of children with suspected developmental delays than the national average. When the sub-district health promotion hospital identifies children with delayed development, they will be referred for developmental stimulation at the provincial hospitals only. The outcome evaluation of such services found that fewer children received services than the target because parents have to take their children for developmental stimulation multiple times, which affects their careers, and they experience difficulties in travel, children's lack of cooperation, and unfamiliarity with personnel and location. The purpose of this study was to compare the average developmental scores of preschool children with developmental delays before and after receiving developmental stimulation with the TEDA4I program at the sub-district health promotion hospital.

Methods This research was a quasi-experimental study with a single group measured before and after the experiment. The sample group was 30 preschool children with developmental delays who received services at the sub-district health promotion hospital. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample group. The tool used for the experiment was the TEDA4I program. Data analysis using the paired t-test statistics.

Results The research findings indicated that preschool children with developmental delays after receiving developmental stimulation with the TEDA4I program showed a statistically significant increase in average developmental scores (p < .001).

Conclusion and Recommendations The TEDA4I program helps preschool children with developmental delays improve their development. Therefore, Those involved in stimulating the development of preschool children with delayed development can use this stimulation tool to organize stimulation activities at sub-district health promotion hospitals and staff training should be supported.

Effect of Development of Patient Triage Guideline Based on the MOPH ED Triage Model for the Emergency Department of Mueang Songkhla Hospital

Aphinya Jomtong, Salisa Binsama — Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Developing clear and easy-to-understand patient triage guidelines is a crucial step in effectively reducing errors and increasing the accuracy of patient triage. Therefore, this research aimed to develop patient triage guideline based on the MOPH ED Triage model and evaluate its effectiveness in improving the quality of service in the emergency department of Songkhla Hospital.

Methods This study was action research using a one-group pretest–posttest design. It was conducted in four phases: (1) Plan: Study the problem and situation before implementing the guideline from 20 medical personnel responsible for patient triage and 427 medical record officers; (2) Act: Develop the guideline and train personnel; (3) Observe: Evaluate the results after implementing the guideline from 20 personnel and 434 medical record officers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-tests; (4) Reflect: Analyze the strengths, areas for improvement, and development directions of the guideline.

Results The developed guideline improved the accuracy of patient triage from 79.40% to 88.70%. Additionally, the study found a significant reduction in waiting time for all patient groups at a level of 0.05. Regarding staff satisfaction, the guideline was highly rated, particularly in terms of accuracy, practicality, and benefits to patients and the department.

Conclusion and Recommendations The study results can be used as a guideline for developing and improving patient triage guidelines in the emergency department and can effectively enhance the quality of medical services.

Effects of the Home Ward Model on the Management of Distress Symptoms and the Quality of Care as Perceived by Caregivers of Terminally Ill Patients Who Died at Home

Pruksaporn Thammachote, Issariya Chaliewsak, Kalaya Sae-chit — Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Some terminally ill patients prefer to spend their final days at home. The home ward model provides care that is comparable in quality to inpatient services. This study aimed to compare the effects of the home ward model on disturbing symptom management and caregiver-perceived quality of care before and after the intervention among terminally ill patients who died at home, including an assessment of caregiver satisfaction.

Methods A quasi-experimental study with a single-group, pretest–posttest design was conducted in Mueang District, Songkhla Province, between December 2024 and April 2025. A purposive sample of 30 caregivers who met the inclusion criteria was recruited according to the Department of Medical Services’ home ward model. Data were collected using the Palliative Care Outcome Scale (POS) Carer-Questionnaire before and after receiving care on days 4 and 7, and continued until the patient’s death. Caregiver satisfaction was measured using the FAMCARE-2 Scale. Descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were used to analyze general characteristics and satisfaction levels. Caregivers’ perceptions of care quality were compared using the Linear Mixed model and pairwise comparison tests.

Results Following implementation of the home ward model, the mean outcomes of disturbing symptom management before and after receiving care on Days 4 and 7 were significantly different (p < 0.05). Overall, caregiver satisfaction was rated at the highest level.

Conclusion and Recommendation The study revealed that the home-ward care model was found to reduce disturbing symptoms among terminally ill patients who died at home, which enhanced caregivers’ perception of the quality of care and resulted in the highest level of caregiver satisfaction. Therefore, the home ward care model should be extended to other patient groups to enhance quality of life and promote comprehensive, sustainable healthcare services in the future.

Effects of Nursing Care using Neuman's Theory on the amount of Analgesic Drug, Sedative Drug, and Drug Withdrawal Syndromes in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients on Mechanical Ventilation at Songklanagarind Hospital

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Songklanagarind Hospital has critically ill pediatric patients on ventilators who receive continuous pain and sedative medications for extended periods, increasing the high risk of withdrawal. Finding ways to reduce the amount of pain and sedative medications will help mitigate the severity and incidence of withdrawal. This research aimed to compare the amounts of pain and sedative medications and to compare the occurrence of withdrawal symptoms between critically ill pediatric patients on ventilators who receive nursing care based on Neuman's theory and those who receive standard nursing care.

Methods This study was a quasi-experimental study conducted on 64 critically ill pediatric patients aged 1 month to 15 years receiving mechanical ventilation and opioid and benzodiazepine medications. The patients were divided into two groups: a control group of 32 patients and an experimental group of 32 patients. Data was collected group by group, starting with the control group. Research tools included 1) data collection tools, such as pediatric patient personal data records, analgesic and sedative drug dosage records, and the Withdrawal Assessment Tools (WAT-I) for assessing withdrawal symptoms; and 2) the experimental intervention, which was a nursing program based on Neuman's theory, including sleep promotion, touch, and speaking with critically ill pediatric patients by parents or carers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, Wilcoxon, and Fisher's exact test.

Results There was no significant difference in the amount of analgesic and sedative drug and withdrawal symptoms between the experimental group receiving nursing care based on Neuman's theory and the control group receiving standard nursing care (p>.05). However, when comparing the total amount of medication received, the experimental group was able to reduce the use of the analgesic drug, as the fentanyl painkiller better than the control group (p<.05).

Conclusion and Recommendation The nursing intervention based on Newman's theory was not able to reduce the average amount of analgesic and sedative drugs, including drug withdrawal symptoms. However, when comparing the total amount of medication received, it was found that the use of the analgesic drug Fentanyl could be reduced, and the average score for withdrawal symptoms was low. Nevertheless, a program based on Newman's theoretical concepts should be developed for nursing care for this pediatric patient group to improve its effectiveness.

Effects of The Nursing Program on The Practical Knowledge and Disability of Patients with Lumbar Spondylosis Receiving Surgery

Nanrawee Chetwittayachan, Rungrat Sukadaecha — Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Lumbar spondylosis disease is a health problem that affects disability and requires intervention from healthcare professionals. Therefore, effectively implementing a nursing program for postoperative patients is crucial. This research aimed to compare the practical knowledge and disability levels in patients with lumbar spondylosis disease before and after receiving the nursing program.

Methods This study was a single-group quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-intervention measurements. The sample consisted of patients who underwent spinal surgery at Bangkok Hospital Ratchasima. A simple random sample of 26 individuals who met the inclusion criteria was selected. The research team developed a nursing program as an intervention tool for patients undergoing spinal surgery. The content was validated by three experts. The program included four activities: preoperative education, home care instructions, a home visit call, and visit monitoring at the spinal and joint center. The data collection tools included a practical knowledge questionnaire, which had an IOC value > 0.67 and a KR-20 reliability coefficient of 0.709, as well as a disability questionnaire that had a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.912. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and paired t-test statistics.

Results Research findings indicated that 1) the average score for the practical knowledge among patients with lumbar spondylosis who underwent surgery before receiving the nursing program (M=11.730, SD=3.143) was lower than the average score for the practical knowledge after receiving the nursing program (M=17.423, SD=1.447). When comparing the average scores for the practical knowledge in patients with lumbar spondylosis disease who underwent surgery before and after receiving the nursing program, a statistically significant difference was found at the .001 level (t = -9.114, p < .001). 2) The average disability score for patients with lumbar spondylosis disease who underwent surgery before receiving the nursing program (M = 28.807, SD = 8.352) was higher than the average disability score after receiving the nursing program (M = 10.153, SD = 7.603). When comparing the average disability scores of patients with lumbar spondylosis disease who underwent surgery before and after receiving the nursing program, a statistically significant difference was found at the .001 level (t = 10.009, p < .001).

Conclusion and Recommendation The results of this study can be applied for nursing care to patients with lumbar spondylosis disease undergoing spinal surgery. These tasks can be done by organizing preoperative education activities, discharge counselling activities, home visit calls, and outpatient department follow-up visits.

A Study on The Skills and Effectiveness of the Innovative Suction Skill Mannequin in Infants Made from Natural Rubber in Second-year Nursing Students, Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Songkhla

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Laboratory practice with mannequins is crucial for developing nursing skills in nursing students, especially for suctioning infants who cannot cough up sputum on their own. Suctioning helps reduce airway obstruction and oxygen deficiency, making it easier for infants to breathe. The infant suctioning mannequin developed from natural rubber is used to enhance confidence, proficiency, and accuracy in practice, thereby improving infant safety. The objectives were as follows: 1) Compare suctioning skills using the innovative mannequin with the criterion at 80%; 2) Compare the effectiveness of the mannequin with the average criterion of up to a good level (>3.50).

Methods This was a quasi-experimental study. The sample consisted of 45 second-year nursing students, selected through simple random sampling without replacement. The research instruments used were 1) the natural rubber infant suction skill innovation mannequin, and 2) a questionnaire on skills and effectiveness of the natural rubber infant suction skill innovation mannequin. The item-objective congruence (IOC) ranged from 0.67 to 1.00, and the questionnaire reliability had a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.77. Data analysis used descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as the one-sample t-test.

Results The results found that as follows:

The average score of suction skill of the natural rubber infant suction skill mannequin was 90.06 (SD = 10.92), which was significantly higher than the predetermined criterion of 80% at a statistical significance level of .001.
The average effectiveness score of the natural rubber infant suction skill mannequin was 4.69 (SD = 0.34), which was significantly higher than the predetermined criterion of 3.50 at a statistical significance level of .001.

Conclusion and Recommendations The natural rubber infant suction skill mannequin can be used in academic settings for teaching and learning pediatric and adolescent nursing in both laboratory and practical settings and for allowing students to practice independently until they gain confidence before practicing with real patients. The natural rubber infant suction skill mannequin should be developed further by improving the completeness of the structure according to anatomical principles.

A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness and Satisfaction of Using Ya-Tha-Pra-Sen Hydrogel Patches and Herbal Poultice Form to Reduce Plantar Pain in Personnel and Students, Sirindhorn College of Public Health, Trang Province

Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives This quasi-experimental study aimed to compare the effectiveness and satisfaction of using Ya-Tha-Pra-Sen hydrogel patches and herbal poultice form for relieving plantar pain in personnel and students of the Sirindhorn College of Public Health, Trang Province.
Methods A sample of 80 participants was selected and divided into two groups. Group 1 used Ya-Tha-Pra-Sen hydrogel patches applied to the painful plantar area once a day for 30 minutes, then removed, while group 2 received the Ya-Tha-Pra-Sen herbal poultice form applied to the painful plantar area once a day for 30 minutes, then washed off. This was done continuously for 3 days in both groups. Effectiveness was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Foot and Ankle (Thai Version) to assess the degree of ankle movement with the plantarflexion position and to evaluate satisfaction with product use.
Results After using both forms for 3 days, it was found that they were effective in reducing plantar pain severity and increasing ankle range of motion, with no statistically significant difference (p<.05). However, users of the Ya-Tha-Pra-Sen Hydrogel patch form were more satisfied with the product than the group using the Ya-Tha-Pra-Sen Herbal Poultice form, as it was convenient to use and the product had an appealing appearance.
Conclusion and Recommendatio: Ya-Tha-Pra-Sen hydrogel patches are an alternative product for developing traditional herbal formulas to be convenient and effectively relieve pain and can be applied to plantar fasciitis.

The Relationship between Depression, Anxiety, and Resilience among Pregnant Women During a Public Health Crisis

Arissara Saenthaweesuk, Wayuree Lumpo, Theerayut Kerdsang — Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives This descriptive correlational study aimed to investigate the relationship between depression, anxiety, and resilience among pregnant women in public health crisis situations, encompassing various forms of crises such as outbreaks of serious infectious diseases, including COVID-19, influenza, SARS, monkeypox, natural disasters, air pollution, social conflict or war, and economic crises.

Methods The sample group consisted of pregnant women aged 20 years and older, selected using convenience sampling. The sample size was 1,293 people, divided into 324 from the South and 323 each from the Central, Northern, and Northeastern regions. The research instruments included 4-part questionnaires: Part 1, Personal Information Record; Part 2, resilience measurement; Part 3, depression measurement; and Part 4, State Anxiety Scale. The reliability coefficients using Cronbach's alpha were .98, .96, and .91, respectively. General data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and since the data were normally distributed, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to find the relationship between depression, anxiety, and resilience among pregnant women.

Results Depression was negatively correlated with resilience among pregnant women at a statistically significant low level (r = -.23, p < .001), and anxiety was negatively correlated with resilience among pregnant women at a statistically significant moderate level (r = -.30, p < .001). The research findings indicated that if pregnant women had high resilience, they could reduce the occurrence of depression and anxiety during public health crisis situations.

Conclusion and Recommendation The research findings should be used to create guidelines for nurses or develop programs for pregnant women to strengthen their resilience and be prepared to face life's crises.

Comparative Effectiveness of Glycopyrrolate, Butylscopolamine or Normal Saline Solution Premedication in Preventing Postoperative Catheter Related Bladder Discomfort

Kasamabhorn Thiangtham, Sasiwimon Iwsakul — Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Patients who have undergone ureteral stone surgery via cystoscopy commonly experience post-operative bladder discomfort and pain due to catheterization, also known as catheter related bladder discomfort (CRBD). This pain is generally of moderate to severe intensity, making it essential to implement effective pain management strategies. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of CRBD treatment with three different drugs: glycopyrrolate, butylscopolamine, and normal saline solution (NSS), administered intravenously before anesthesia to patients undergoing ureteroscopic removal of ureter stones.

Methods This was a randomized controlled study involving 21 patients. The patients were divided into three groups of seven, identified by their treatments as glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg IV, butylscopolamine 20 mg IV, and normal saline solution (NSS) IV. In the recovery room, pain scores were assessed using the numeric rating scale (NRS). If the NRS score was greater than 5, fentanyl 0.5 mcg/kg was administered intravenously. The pain score was reassessed 5 min later. If the NRS was still above 5, fentanyl was administered again, with a maximum of three doses. The effectiveness of the treatments was compared using a One-Way ANOVA. The proportion of patients in each treatment who received fentanyl was also compared, using Fisher’s exact test with a significance level of α = 0.05.

Results Result showed the mean postoperative pain score changes among glycopyrrolate (2.7), butylscopolamine (4.0), and NSS (3.4) were significantly different (p-value < 0.05). However, the proportion of patients who received opioid analgesics in the recovery room after urinary catheterization did not differ significantly across the three treatments (p-value > 0.05).

Conclusion and Recommendation In conclusion, administering glycopyrrolate intravenously before anesthesia induction relieves CRBD more effectively than butylscopolamine and NSS.

Factors Predicting Self-management for Stroke Prevention among Older Adults with Hypertension

Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Stroke among older adults is mainly caused by hypertension, especially in those with poorly controlled blood pressure. This study aimed to explore selected factors for predicting self-management for stroke prevention in older adults with hypertension.

Methods The participants were older adults diagnosed with hypertension. Simple random sampling was used to select 131 patients for the study. Research instruments were 1) Personal Information Questionnaire, 2) Thai Health Literacy Scale, 3) Stroke Knowledge Questionnaire, and 4) Self-Management for Stroke Prevention Questionnaire. The reliability of instruments 2–4, assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, was .93, .92, and .79, respectively. The data were analyzed by using enter multiple regression analysis.

Results Self-management for stroke prevention was at a high level, with a mean score of 129.34 (SD = 13.11). Knowledge of stroke was also at a high level, with a mean score of 75.49 (SD = 9.37). Health literacy was at a sufficient level, with a mean score of 180.72 (SD = 23.11). Furthermore, health literacy and stroke knowledge were significant predictors of self-management for stroke prevention at the .05 level, jointly explaining 48.1% of the variance (R² = .481).

Conclusion and Recommendation Health literacy and stroke knowledge jointly predicted self-management for stroke prevention among older adults with hypertension. Therefore, healthcare teams should develop programs aimed at enhancing health literacy and stroke-related knowledge in older adults with hypertension to strengthen their self-management capacity for stroke prevention.

Effect of Adding Long-acting β2-agoniststo Inhaled Corticosteroids in Uncontrolled Preschool Asthma: A Retrospective Observational Study at Mahasarakham Hospital

Kengkaj Unrit, Pookkwan Phase, Supasin Deeraksa — Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Asthma in preschool children is a common chronic disease, posing a significant global challenge in disease control. Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) monotherapy alone is often insufficient for symptom control in children with uncontrolled asthma. Current recommendations suggest adding long-acting β₂-agonists (LABA) to ICS to enhance treatment efficacy, though clinical data in preschool children remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding LABA to ICS therapy on asthma control among preschool children with uncontrolled asthma at Mahasarakham Hospital.

Methods This retrospective observational study reviewed medical records of children under five years old who attended the asthma clinic at Mahasarakham Hospital between 2018 and 2020. A total of 120 patients were included and divided equally into two groups: 60 receiving ICS monotherapy and 60 receiving combination therapy with ICS plus LABA. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and the independent t-test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results Most patients were male (60.83%). The group treated with ICS plus LABA achieved significantly better asthma control compared with the ICS-only group (95.00% vs. 58.33%, p < 0.001). Moreover, the combination therapy group had significantly lower rates of hospital admissions, nocturnal asthma symptoms, emergency room visits, and systemic antibiotic use (p = 0.012).

Conclusion and Recommendation The findings demonstrate that the addition of LABA to ICS therapy significantly improves asthma control, reduces exacerbations, and decreases healthcare utilization among preschool children with uncontrolled asthma, without increasing adverse effects. These results strongly support the standardized use of Combination therapy with ICS and LABA as an effective management option for this population. Future studies should include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to confirm the long-term efficacy and safety of LABA use in preschool children.

Effects of Model Development for Preventing Early Postpartum Hemorrhage Combined with Lower Uterine Segment Compression and Cold Massage in Mothers Receiving Labor Services Rangae Hospital, Narathiwat Province

Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives Postpartum hemorrhage is a major cause of maternal death. Health Service Area 12 had the highest maternal mortality rate at 72.6 % (Ministry of Public Health, 2022). Rangae Hospital has seen a rise in postpartum hemorrhage in the first two hours from 2021 to 2023, with rates of 0.37 %, 0.4 %, and 0.97%, respectively. The most common causes were uterine atony and retained placenta. To develop a model for preventing early postpartum hemorrhage and compare the total blood loss between the experimental group using the developed model and the control group receiving standard care.

Methods The research and development model consisted of 4 steps: 1) Problem and needs analysis (R1): Data providers were mothers with a history of postpartum hemorrhage and professional nurses working in the labor room; 2) Model design and development (D1): Researchers drafted the model and had experts review its quality; 3) Model testing and effectiveness evaluation (R2): The study population consisted of women giving birth at Rangae Hospital. The sample consisted of 50 women who delivered normally, divided into 25 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group. The tools used were the early postpartum hemorrhage prevention model, the lower uterine segment compression model, and the cold massage model, including a personal information questionnaire and a record of blood loss volume within 2 hours postpartum. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (t-test); 4) Evaluation of the developed model (D2): Data providers were 25 women who used the developed model.

Results The early postpartum hemorrhage prevention model included professional standard labor care combined with lower uterine segment compression and uterine massage for 10 minutes, as well as uterine massage with cold compresses. The amount of blood loss in the first 2 hours after delivery in the experimental group using the postpartum hemorrhage prevention model was 119.60 milliliters on average (S.D. = 18.82). The control group receiving standard care had an average of 206 milliliters (S.D. = 36.74). The amount of blood loss in the experimental group was significantly statistically less than in the control group (t = 10.46, p < 0.000).

Conclusion and Recommendation The study results show that the early postpartum hemorrhage prevention model combined with lower uterine segment compression and cold massage effectively reduces postpartum hemorrhage. This provides guidance for nurses in caring for mothers receiving labor services, leading to rapid diagnosis and treatment and ensuring safe delivery.