Thai Science and Technology Journal

Yardlong Bean Line Selection Under a Drought Condition Based on Genotype x Yield x Trait (GYT) Biplot Analysis

Pramote Pornsuriya, Wachiraporn Ruanpan, Nathaya Ruanpan — Tue, 29 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The objective of this research was to compare and select 25 genotypes of yardlong bean lines/cultivars grown under a drought condition based on the combined effects of yield and important horticultural traits using the biplots analysis method of genotype x yield x trait (GYT). The 25 yardlong bean genotypes were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The results showed that genotypes were different in leaf greenness and pod weight (p < 0.05), where the days to first anthesis, pod length, pod width, number of seeds per pod and yield per plant were not different (p > 0.05) among the genotypes. The GYT principal component analysis revealed that components 1 and 2 (PC1 and PC2) accounted for 94.5 percent of the total variance of the principal components. The results of the GYT biplot analysis for ranking of genotypes according to their prominences for selection revealed that the genotypes ranked for outstanding yield along with other traits in ranks 1 – 10 (with positive GYT scores) were G1 (No.33P), G11 (P4T8), G2 (BP2), G10 (No.33G), G25 (Nawa3), G13 (Suwan), G23 (No.38P), G3 (P10T26), G14 (No.19G) and G4 (BP1), respectively. These genotypes should be considered in selection for planting in drought conditions because they had outstanding yields along with important horticultural characteristics, including days to first anthesis, leaf greenness, pod length, pod width and number of seeds per pod.

Antioxidant activity and Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Sunpatong Sticky Rice Extract from Ban Sanpong, Mae Rim District, Chiang Mai Province.

Ruthaphan Santianotai, Thawatchai Lekdee, Naphanai Paniem, Ketchada Chotpool — Tue, 29 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to test the antioxidant activity and conduct a preliminary phytochemical screeningof Sunpatong sticky rice extract. The rice samples used for extraction were cultivated and harvested from Ban Sanpong, Mae Rim District, Chiang Mai Province.The extraction method employed was maceration, where the rice samples were soak in deionized water at room temperature. Four extraction methods were utilized: (1) soaking the rice for 24 hours followed by evaporation (RE24), (2) soaking the rice for 48 hours followed by evaporation (RE48), (3) soaking the rice for 24 hours followed by freezing at -20°C (RW24), and (4) soaking the rice for 48 hours followed by freezing at -20°C (RW48). The resulting extracts were characterized as crude extracts and solutions. The antioxidant properties were evaluated through the DPPH radical scavenging and ABTS^•+methods, and preliminary phytochemical screening was performed, whichincluded examining for tannins and terpenoids.Thetest results indicated that the RE24 extract exhibited thehighest level of antioxidant activity. In preliminary phytochemical screening analysis,noneof the four extracts contained tannins or terpenoids. However, the RE24 extract had the highest total flavonoid content (1.62 ± 0.09 mg CE/g extract), while the RE48 extract had the highest total phenolic content (9.99 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g extract)

The Release of Silver Nanoparticles and Antibacterial Properties of Hydrogel Sheet Dressings

Tue, 29 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Recently theuseof silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in wound dressings has attracted considerable attention due to their potent antibacterial properties. The aim of this research was to investigate the release of AgNPs from hydrogel dressings by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis and their antibacterial properties by disc diffusion assay.Freeze-thawing and electron beam (EB) irradiation techniques were used to crosslink hydrogel patches composed of silvernitrate atvaried concentrations. During EB irradiation silver nitrate was reduced to AgNPs within the hydrogel matrices. Although UV-Vis spectroscopy showed the characteristics absorbance peaked at 410 nm from all AgNPs-embedded hydrogels, the disc diffusion assay showed the formationof a clear zone
without bacteria only for hydrogels with AgNPs at the two highest concentrations, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/cm² ,against both Staphylococcus aureusand Escherichia coli.The corresponding amounts of released AgNPs were ~ 65 and 225 ppm, respectively, as analyzed by ICP-MS. Taken together, the AgNPs-loaded hydrogels developed by freeze-thawing and EB irradiation techniques in this study have potential as antibacterial wound dressings

A Development of Plant-Based Protein Drink and Its Stability During Storage

Tue, 29 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research aimed to develop plant-based protein drinks with a protein source from peas. Four types of stabilizers were studied, glyceryl monostearate (GMS), sodium alginate (SA), guar gum (GG), and locust bean gum (LBG). It was found that the product with GMS formula had the best properties in terms of viscosity, color values, and stability, which were significantly different from theother formulas.The GMS formula was then used to study product quality during storage at 4-5°C for 12 days. It was found that the product turned darker and was slightly stratified, with unchanged pH and the same quantity of microorganisms in accordance with the benchmark throughout the storage period. Therefore, it can be concluded that the product was stable and safe in terms of microbial safety, and it could be stored for at least 12 days in a chiller. According to the results of nutritional analysis, it was found that one serving size (180 mL) of this product contained low fats (2 g) and high protein (8 g). It was also a source of vitamin D and calcium, which were required for bone strengthening and maintenance. The product also contained nine types of essential amino acids, including branched-chain amino acids required for muscle strengthening and repair.

The Study of 3D Modelling of Peltophorum Pterocarpum with Terrestrial Laser Scanner

Tue, 29 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The creation of three-dimensional models using a terrestrial laser scanner is a method of collecting data on objects and structures. By employing this technique, the distance between the instrument and objects is determined based on the travel time of laser light, resulting in the representation of three-dimensional coordinate points known as a "point cloud". In this study, this technology wasused tocollect dataonnine Peltophorum Pterocarpum trees at Kasetsart University. The study found that the three-dimensional models of the Peltophorum Pterocarpum trees could accurately depict the trunk and canopy, including cross-sectional profiles of the entire trunk. The basal area at breastheight, derived from the 3D model, was compared withfour different methods: the caliper method, automatic DBH by the 3D Forest program, tree contour tape measurements, and tape measurements along the convex shape.The results indicated that there was no statistically significant difference betweenthe basal area calculated from thecaliper method and the automatic DBH by the 3D Forest program when compared to the reference data (p>0.05). Furthermore, the heightof the trees was measured using botha 3D model and a total station, and the averageheight obtained from both methods did not show any significant differences (p>0.05). These three -dimensional models can be used to compare growth patternsor changes in each tree over the years. Additionally, this research can guide further studies in accurately assessing the dimensions of trees with high precision.

Comparison between Adults with At-Risk and Non-At-Risk Cow Milk Allergies on Calcium Intake and Bone Mineral Density

Tue, 29 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of at-risk cow milk allergies on the amountof daily calcium (Ca) intake and bone mineral density(BMD). Eighty participants were recruited for this study and further divided into two groups using the at-risk cow milk allergies screening questionnaire: thenon-at-risk (NAR) group (n=40) and theat-risk (AR) group (n=40). Dietary assessment was conducted using the questionnaire,and BMD measurement at the wrist and ankle was performed using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The results revealed that participants in the NAR group had a significantly higher amount of daily Ca intake than those in the AR group (p<0.05). For bone measurement, the results indicated that participants in the NAR group had significantly higher in T-scores and BMD values in boththe wrist and ankle compared to those in the AR group (p<0.05).In addition, the results found a significantly positive correlation between the amount of Ca intake and T-scores of wrist and ankle bone among participants (p<0.05). In conclusion, at-risk cow milk allergies affected the amount of Ca intake and BMD among participants.

An Improve Variational Model for Removal of Combined Additive and Multiplicative Noise

Siriwan Chankan, Sopida Sukyankij — Tue, 29 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Image denoising isoneof the most important tasks inimagerestoration.Thegoal is toremove noise from a given corrupted digital image to improve its quality before use. In general, there are two types of noise models: additive noise models and multiplicative noise models. In this paper, we present threevariational models,KKWV-TV,KKWV-TL, and KKWV-TVL models, for therestoration of images with combined additive and multiplicative noise in a single step, together with numerical methods for solving the associated differential equations. Numerical tests with synthetic, realistic and medical images confirm that our three models deliver accurate and reliable results. Moreover, the proposed numericalalgorithm can workefficiently withtheKKWV-TVL modeland provideshigher quality results than the KKWV-TV model and the KKWV-TL models.

Deacidification of Papers by Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles

Nattawut Srirasa, Thanaporn Kongchean, Akapong Suwattanamala, karaked Tedsree — Tue, 29 Oct 2024 00:00:00 +0700

In this study, nano calcium oxide was employed as a deacidification agent for paper. The synthesized calcium oxide nanoparticles have an average size of 16.23 ± 2.1 nm and disperse effectively inanisopropanol medium.Their basic strength, determined using the Hammett indicator, falls within the rangeof 9.3 < H < 15.0. The deacidification process involved immersing the paper in acolloid ofnanocalcium oxide.Scanningelectron microscopy wasutilized toexaminethe distribution of nanoparticles on the paper. The acid reduction capacity was assessed by measuring the degree of polymerization and the percentage of cellulose depolymerization under various experimental conditions. Under controlled conditions, where the paper was treated with calcium oxide nanoparticles, depolymerization decreased by approximately 5-10 percent afterexposuretoanitric acid solution at pH 1 and 3 for 10 minutes, followed by heating at 120 °C for 30 minutes.