https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/issue/feed Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 ผศ.ดร.สมรักษ์ รอดเจริญ journal@nstru.ac.th Open Journal Systems <p><strong>วารสารวิชชา มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏนครศรีธรรมราช</strong> <strong>(Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University: Wichcha J NSTRU)</strong> จัดทำขึ้นเพื่อเป็นสื่อกลางในการเผยแพร่บทความวิจัย (research article) และบทความวิชาการ (academic article) ของคณาจารย์ บุคลากร นักศึกษา ภายในและภายนอกมหาวิทยาลัยฯ โดยมีวัตถุประสงค์ที่จะรับตีพิมพ์บทความในสาขาวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี ประกอบด้วย <em>ด้านวิทยาศาสตร์กายภาพ วิทยาศาสตร์ชีวภาพ วิทยาศาสตร์ประยุกต์ เทคโนโลยีอุตสาหกรรม และวิศวกรรมศาสตร์</em> ซึ่งบทความทุกบทความที่ได้รับการพิจารณาลงตีพิมพ์ในวารสารวิชชา มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏนครศรีธรรมราช “ต้องไม่เคยได้รับการตีพิมพ์หรือเผยแพร่ที่ใดมาก่อน และไม่อยู่ในระหว่างการเสนอเพื่อพิจารณาเผยแพร่ในวารสารฉบับอื่น” พร้อมทั้งได้รับ<strong>การพิจารณาจากผู้ประเมินอิสระ (peer review) ที่มีความเชี่ยวชาญในสาขาที่เกี่ยวข้อง อย่างน้อย 3 ท่าน ในรูปแบบผู้ประเมินอิสระและผู้แต่งไม่ทราบชื่อซึ่งกันและกัน (double-blind review)</strong> และกลุ่มเป้าหมายคือคณาจารย์ นักศึกษา และนักวิจัยทั้งในและนอกสถาบัน ทั้งนี้วารสารมีกำหนดตีพิมพ์เผยแพร่ปีละ 2 ฉบับ คือ ฉบับที่ 1 ในเดือนมกราคม-มิถุนายน และฉบับที่ 2 ในเดือนกรกฎาคม-ธันวาคม โดยไม่มีค่าธรรมเนียมการตีพิมพ์</p> <p><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /><img title="\sim" src="https://latex.codecogs.com/gif.latex?\sim" /></p> <p><strong>ISSN 3027-737X (Online)** ใหม่ !!</strong></p> <p><em>ISSN 0125-2380 (print) ---&gt; ยกเลิก<br /></em><em>ISSN 2672-958X (Online) ---&gt; ยกเลิก</em></p> https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/257939 The Study of Primary Macronutrients from the Dung and Compost of the Xylotrupes gideon 2023-05-23T09:02:10+07:00 Nathanan Reabreang nathanun_rea@g.cmru.ac.th Tussanee Chaihoy Tussanee_cha@cmru.ac.th Chittakorn Kornphom chittakorn_kor@g.cmru.ac.th <p>This research aimed to study the plant nutrients from the <em>Xylotrupes gideon</em> dung by feeding different main constituent diets, such as sawdust (dung 1) and corncob (dung 2), and compost from two types of the <em>X. gideon</em> dung. The compost was used with effective microorganisms (EM) and an anaerobic fermentation process. The macronutrients of plants, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) were analyzed. It was found that the dung 1 and the dung 2 showed a quantity of nitrogen lower than the criteria set by the department of agriculture (not less than 1.00% by weight) with 0.22 and 0.46 percent, respectively. Moreover, the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient content of the dung 2 were higher than the dung 1, while the potassium nutrient content was similar, 0.97%by weight (%wt) for the dung 1 and 0.94 %wt for the dung 2. Owing to the different mineral compositions of the sawdust and corncob used to feed the <em>X, Gideon</em>, the corncob had a higher nitrogen and potassium content than the sawdust. For the analysis of plant essential nutrients in both compost formulations such as formula 1 and formula 2, it was found that compost formula 1 showed a nitrogen content of 1.45% and potassium content of 1.18%, which was higher than that of dung 1, dung 2, and fertilizer formula 2. The phosphorus content of formula 1 was 1.10% and formula 2 was 1.15%, which means that both compost formulas contained similar amounts of phosphorus. In this research, it can be seen that the compost contained a high number of essential macronutrients for plants when compared to other composts extensively used in agriculture. Therefore, the <em>X. Gideon</em> dung was a type of dung that was useful and suitable for use as compost for further agricultural purposes.</p> 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/258422 Foraging Behavior of Shorebirds and the Density of Polychaetes at Koh Sarai, Koh Sarai Sub-district, Satun Province 2023-04-28T15:46:52+07:00 Thongchai Jodnog 624237013@parichat.skru.ac.th Patimakorn Maneechot 624237046@parichat.skru.ac.th Sutinee Himyi sutinee.hi@skru.ac.th Nutjarin Petkliang nutjarin.pe@skru.ac.th <p>The coastal area of Satun province was the important food resource for many shorebirds though there was a lack of studies on its behavioral ecology. The purpose of this research was to study the foraging behavior of shorebirds and the density of polychaetes, the main food of shorebirds. Data of shorebirds were collected from 3 stations and 6 survey points; the polychaetes samples, environmental data and soil samples were collected from the 6 survey points with 3 replications in each point. Sampling was carried out 3 times in February, May, and August 2022 at the coastal area of Koh Sarai, Satun province. 12 species from 3 families were found in which the most prominent family was the Ardeidae. The foraging behavior patterns of each family of shorebirds differ according to their morphology and foraging sources. A total of 33 large benthic families in the class Polychaeta were found, Oweniidae and Syllidae were the dominant families. The highest density of polychaetes occurred in August and the lowest density was in February. The polychaetes density was significantly positively correlated to organic matter and soil organic carbon (r = 0.76, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The correlation between bird foraging rate and the density of polychaetes was not significantly related (r = 0.27, <em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) since the predominant family found was Ardeidae in which it does not feed mainly on the polychaetes. However, the foraging rate of the Charadriidae and Scolopacidae tended to be positively correlated with the density of the polychaetes. Some environmental factors in the habitat which were related to the density of the polychaetes may affect the habitat use of the shorebirds.</p> 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/258275 The Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies of Dyeing Extracted Dye from Cocoa Husk onto Cotton Fabric 2023-06-09T13:27:23+07:00 Onjira Jiamsakul mint.mint5476@gmail.com Chutima Septhum chutima.sep@sru.ac.th <p>The kinetics and thermodynamics of extracted cocoa husk (ECH) dyeing onto cotton fabric were investigated using aluminum ion (Al<sup>3+</sup>) as a mordant by the meta-mordanting method. Cocoa husk was extracted using water extraction and freeze-drying yielding brown powder. It was shown that the adsorption of ECH onto cotton fabric could be described by a pseudo second-order model indicated that the adsorption process was controlled by chemisorption. In addition, the thermodynamic parameters were calculated. The negative values of Gibbs free energy (∆G°) obtained indicating that the process of adsorption of ECH onto cotton fabric was spontaneous. The enthalpy of formation (∆H°) and the entropy of formation (∆S°) were positive, indicating that they were an endothermic reaction and more disorder of adsorption process, respectively.</p> 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/258403 Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory of Essential Oil from Pomelo Peel 2023-08-24T15:43:12+07:00 Thanakon Dumsud thanakorn.d@rmutsv.ac.th Chanika Saenge Chooklin chanika.sae@gmail.com Kattinat Sagulsawasdipan kattinat.s@rmutsv.ac.th <p>The purpose of this research was to study the initial chemical activity, total phenolic content, total tannin content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of pomelo peel essential oil from green and white peel by steam extraction. It was found that green pomelo peel contained the highest essential oil content at 30 min. Antioxidant of essential oils by DPPH radical scavenging method and tyrosinase inhibition activity by Dopachrome method. Flobatannin, total phenolic, total tannin, and flavonoid content were 155.62±0.05 mg GAE/g, 162.47±0.03 mg TAE/g and 144.82±0.05 mg QE/g, respectively. Antioxidant activity by DPPH radical scavenging method showed the highest antioxidant activity with an EC50 value of 13.42±0.06 mg/ml. The extract showed tyrosinase inhibitory activity with EC50 of 12.58±0.04 mg/ml.</p> 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/259432 The Adsorption of Malachite Green Dye Using Biochar from Bagasse 2023-09-04T13:38:34+07:00 Supat Buddee supat_bud@nstru.ac.th Phakarat Rotduang phakarat.r@gmail.com Parintip Rattanaburi parintip_rat@nstru.ac.th <p>The purpose of this research was to prepare and characterize biochar from sugarcane bagasse, a community waste material. The prepared biochar sugarcane bagasse was applied as an absorbent material for Malachite Green dye (MG) treatment in wastewater by adsorption. Biochar from bagasse was prepared by burning bagasse powder in an anaerobic state at 450 °C for 3 h. The morphology of the biochar sorbents from bagasse was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The functional groups were studied by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Biochar from the prepared bagasse was applied as an adsorbent to remove malachite green dye from wastewater. The effects to be studied are the amount of adsorbent, dye concentration, adsorption period, and acid-base conditions (pH). The results showed that, using the SEM technique, the surface characteristics of biochar from bagasse were rough and higher porosity than normal bagasse. Confirmation of main functional groups by the FT-IR technique. Biochar from the prepared bagasse was applied as an adsorbent to remove malachite green dye from wastewater. As a result of malachite green dye adsorption, it was found that when the amount of adsorbent and the pH value increased, the dye adsorption efficiency increased, while increasing the dye concentration resulted in a decrease in the dye adsorption efficiency. Biochar from bagasse has a dye adsorption efficiency (97.11%) higher than regular bagasse (94.96%). In addition, the results of the reuse test showed that biochar from bagasse could be reused more than five times with a dye adsorption efficiency higher than 80.00%. This research can be used as a guideline for waste material modification. In agriculture, it can be used as an adsorbent material for wastewater treatment.</p> 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/260335 Antioxidant Activities of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. Fermented with Lactic Acid Bacteria 2023-09-18T10:01:53+07:00 Wanwisa Boonkla Ying.ipmsu@gmail.com Anusak Kerdsin anusak.ke@ku.th Pariyaporn Itsaranuwat pariyaporn.i@msu.ac.th <p>This research aimed to study the antioxidant activities of <em>Boesenbergia rotunda</em> (L.) Mansf., known as fingerroot, fermented with probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Ten strains of lactic acid bacteria including <em>Lactobacillus pentosus</em> JM085, <em>L. pentosus</em> JM0812, <em>L. pentosus</em> UM055, <em>L. pentosus</em> UM054, <em>L. pentosus</em> YM122, <em>L. pentosus</em> VM096, <em>L. pentosus</em> DM068, <em>L. pentosus</em> VM095, <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> YM126, and <em>L. lactis</em> A7 were used as starter culture for <em>B. rotunda</em> (L.) Mansf. Fermentation was at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours. The results showed that the antioxidant activities depended on strains and fermentation time. The antioxidant capacity of fermented <em>B. rotunda</em> extract increased significantly (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) when fermentation time increased, using DPPH radical-scavenging assay (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The strongest DPPH scavenging capacity was observed in the sample fermented with <em>L. pentosus</em> DM068 at 72 hours (83.42±1.30 µg TE/ml), while FRAP reported in <em>L. pentosus</em> VM095, at 72 hours (295.82±2.15 µg Fe(II)/ml). In conclusion, probiotic lactic acid bacteria fermentation increased the antioxidant activities of <em>B. rotunda</em> extract. Applying the fermentation process for value addition in the food and pharmaceutical industries might be interesting.</p> 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/260129 Study of Probiotic Properties and Functional Activities of Yeasts Isolated for Feed Supplement 2023-09-04T13:41:13+07:00 Kanidta Niwasabutra Kanidta@tistr.ot.th Neungnut Chaiyawan Neungnut@tistr.ot.th Nattharika Nualsri nattharyka@gmail.com Pattarawadee Kengkwasingh Pattarawadee@tistr.or.th Kamonsri Nuankham Kamonsri@tistr.ot.th Jaruwan Sitdhipol Jaruwan_s@tistr.or.th Wanlapa Lorliam Walapal@g.swu.ac.th Engkarat Kingkaew engkarat.ki@kmitl.ac.th <p>Eighteen isolated yeasts from rice and natural sources are characterized as probiotics. All strains, at 37°C, lack hemolysis and withstand simulated gastrointestinal conditions and bile salts. Strains were identified as <em>Meyerozyma caribbica</em>, <em>Saccharomyces</em><em> cerevisiae</em>, <em>Pichia kudriavzevii</em>, <em>Starmerella sorbosivorans</em>, <em>Kodamaea ohmeri</em>, <em>Ambrosiozyma</em><em> kamigamensis</em>, and <em>Metschnikowia koreensis</em>. Strong adherence to intestinal cells was noted, plus sensitivity to certain antifungals, confirming safety. Notably, <em>M. caribbica</em> TISTR 6026 and <em>M. koreensis</em> TISTR 6044 demonstrated xylanase activity. Also, <em>M. caribbica</em> TISTR 6017, <em>S. cerevisiae</em> TISTR 5104, TISTR 5328, and <em>P. kudriavzevii</em> TISTR 6028 exhibited antimicrobial action against pathogens. These four strains showed immunomodulatory potential, impacting phagocytosis, nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-6. These findings underscore their promise as versatile probiotics for immunomodulation and addressing pathogens, showcasing their broad potential.</p> 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/256228 Growth of Peristrophe roxburghiana Plants under Different Growing Systems 2023-08-18T16:08:26+07:00 Anan Piriyaphattarakit anan_p@tistr.or.th Ponkamon Ruploet Ponkamon.ru@rmuti.ac.th Patcharee Dechlay pacthareedechlay2801@gmail.com Sukhumaporn Saeng-ngam sukhumaporns@g.swu.ac.th <p>This research aimed to study the growth proper cultivation system of <em>Peristrophe</em><em> roxburghiana</em> at Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Khlong Ha Sub-district, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani Province. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) trial was conducted planned, consisting of 3 treatments with five replications, namely, an outdoor system, a shaded net system, and hydroponic cultivation systems. When studying the growth, it was found that <em>P. roxburghiana</em> plants grown under various planting systems were 30 and 60 days after transplanting. There was no difference in growth in canopy width. However, <em>P. roxburghiana</em> plants grown in a hydroponic cultivation system had the highest average plant height, followed by the outdoor and shaded net systems. In addition, plantings in the outdoor system had the highest number of shoots per plant, followed by the shaded net system, and hydroponic cultivation systems, respectively. The edges of the leaves have a wrapped appearance and roll a little. In addition, the number of leaves per plant in outdoor planting areas was higher than in other planting systems. In hydroponic cultivation systems, the leaves are no different in size. Therefore, <em>P. roxburghiana</em> planting in the outdoor system is the most appropriate.</p> 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/258460 Meiofauna Community from Pak Bang Na Thab Beach to Ban Bo Chon Beach, Songkhla Province 2023-08-15T11:06:11+07:00 Narasak Tummasan 624237004@parichat.skru.ac.th Nurlailee Sulong 624237015@parichat.skru.ac.th Sutinee Himyi sutinee.hi@skru.ac.th <p>The study of meiofauna from Pak Bang Na Thap Beach to Ban Bo Chon Beach, Songkhla Province, aimed to study the diversity, density, and relationship between meiofauna and environmental factors. The samples were collected at the four stations during May, July, and September 2022. A total of 22 taxa from 8 phyla of meiofauna were found. Nematoda was the dominant group, showing the most diverse and the highest density ranging from 2-90 individuals (ind) per 10 cm², followed by Foraminifera (2-57 ind/10 cm²), and Polychaeta (1-51 ind/10 cm²), respectively. In this study, the highest diversity and density of meiofauna were found in station 1 (Pak Bang Na Thap Beach) (91.04±24.55 ind/10 cm²), while the lowest diversity and density were found in station 3 (Wang Ngu Beach) (30.81±18.61 ind/10 cm²). Environmental factors closely related to the distribution of meiofauna were the percentages of organic matter and the water temperature. However, each meiofauna taxa had a different relationship to environmental factors. When assessing environmental quality using the density proportion of nematode and copepod (N:C), station 2 (Suan Kong Beach) showed an environmental degradation, whereas the other sites still had the favorable environment.</p> 2024-12-28T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/wichcha/article/view/260441 A Comparison of Digestion Methods on Evaluation Analytical Performance Heavy Metals Contamination in Soil and Vegetables: A Case Study in Nam Suay Subdistrict, Mueang Loei District, Loei Province 2024-03-08T09:08:01+07:00 Napatsorn Wongpriaw napatsorn.won@lru.ac.th Thitinan Thammasom Thitinan.tha@lru.ac.th Bussabavadee Puttanu Bussabavadee.put@lru.ac.th Pattranuch Pongsuk Pattranuch.pon@lru.ac.th Suphat Phramueangkhong Suphat.phr@lru.ac.th <p>The study aims to analyze the content of three heavy metals in soils and <em>Brassica rapa</em> L. Six digestion methods, including method-1; prepared the samples; digestion with nitric acid, method-2; digestion with nitric acid in overnight, method-3; digestion with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide, method-4; digestion with nitric acid and perchloric acid, method-5; digestion with sulfuric acid and method-6; dry ash. Heavy metal contents such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) were analyzed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrostometry (GF-AAS). The results revealed that the concentration ranges of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) in <em>B. rapa</em> L. were ND-0.03±0.02, 0.07±0.02-0.12±0.04, and ND-0.02±0.03 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg), respectively. The soil samples found heavy metal contents in the ranges of ND-0.15±0.03, 18.75±0.36-20.21±0.15, and ND-2.04±0.03 mg/kg, respectively. The evaluation of six digestion methods of <em>B. rapa</em> L. on the analytical performance of heavy metals, including cadmium, lead, and arsenic, showed a linearity range of r<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.995. The comparison of six digestion methods found the best preparation sample in removing the matrix, and the efficiency of analysis of heavy metal showed in method-6 as dry ash at 480 °C for 4 hours. The recovery percentages for cadmium, lead, and arsenic were found in the 99.77-90.17% range. Limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were 0.0027-0.0519 and 0.0090-0.0519. In addition, the sample preparation of method-1; prepared the samples; digestion with nitric acid and method-3; digestion with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide were also acceptable. The substances were inexpensive, easy, and fast to analyze. The recovery percentage, LOD, and LOQ were 85.75-80.12, 0.0497-0.0029, and 0.1656-0.0097, respectively. The transfer factor of heavy metal from soil to vegetables has been found to have decreased. The contamination of heavy metals was less than that of the World Health Organization. This indicates that it is safe for consumption.</p> 2024-12-30T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Wichcha Journal Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University