The Effect of Substituting Fish Meal with Fermented Soybean Meal on the Growth Performance and Immune Parameters of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
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Published:
Aug 1, 2018
Keywords:
Pacific white shrimp Fish meal Fermented soybean meal Growth Immune responses
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Abstract
A 60-day growth trial of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was performed. Fish meal (FM) was replaced with 0 %, 25%, 50%, or 100% fermented soybean meal (FSBM) to create four iso-nitrogenous experimental diets. Thirty shrimp (initial mean body weight 4.44 ± 0.03 g) were stocked into 500 L tanks, and each dietary treatment was assigned to eight replicate tanks. The shrimp survival rate was not significantly affected (P > 0.05) by the dietary FSBM levels. Shrimp fed the 50% FSBM diet grew the fastest, followed by the group fed 25% FSBM, zero % FSBM, and 100% FSBM. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the growth performance of the four experimental groups. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the shrimp fed the 50% FSBM diet was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that of the shrimp fed the 25% FSBM, zero % FSBM, and 100% FSBM diets. Shrimp fed the 50% FSBM and 25% FSBM diets showed the highest immune responses, followed by the groups that were fed zero % FSBM and 100% FSBM. This study revealed that up to 50% of FM protein can be replaced by FSBM protein in shrimp diets without any negative effects on shrimp health.
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Wangsoontorn, S., Chuchird, N., Wudtisin, I., & Crook, A. (2018). The Effect of Substituting Fish Meal with Fermented Soybean Meal on the Growth Performance and Immune Parameters of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Journal of Fisheries and Environment, 42(2), 32–40. Retrieved from https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JFE/article/view/122446
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References
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21. Skrede, G., O. Herstad, S. Sahlstrom, A. Holck, E. Slinde and A. Skrede. 2003. Effects of lactic acid fermentation on wheat and barley carbohydrate composition and production performance in the chicken. Animal Feed Science and Technology 105: 135-148.
22. Supamattaya, K., J. Pongmaneerat and T. Klowklieng. 2000. The effect of ꞵ-glucan (MacroGard®) on growth performance, immune response and disease resistance in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology 22: 677-688.
23. Tan, B., K. Mai, S. Zheng, Q. Zhou, L. Liu and Y. Yu. 2005. Replacement of fish meal by meat bone meal in practical diets for the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone). Aquaculture Research 36: 436-444.
24. Tidwell J.H., C.D. Webster, D.H. Yancey and L.R. D’Abramo. 1993. Partial and total replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal and distillers’ by products in diets for pond culture of the freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Aquaculture 118: 119-130.
25. Webster, C.D. and C.E. Lim. 2002. Nutrient requirements and feeding of finfish for aquaculture. New York: CAB International. 416 pp.
26. Xie, S.W., Y.L. Liu, S. Zeng, J. Niu and L. Tian. 2016. Partial replacement of fish-meal by soy protein concentrate and soybean meal based protein blend for juvenile Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture 464: 296-302.
27. Yamamoto, T., Y. Iwashita, H. Matsunari, T. Sugita, H. Furuita, A. Akimoto, K. Okamatsu and N. Suzuki. 2010. Influence of fermentation conditions for soybean meal in a non-fish meal diet on the growth performance and physiological condition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykii. Aquaculture 309: 173-180.
28. Yang, Y., S.Q. Xie, W. Lei, X.M. Zhu and Y.X. Yang. 2004. Effect of replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal and poultry by product meal in diets on growth and immune response of Macrobranchium nipponense. Fish Shellfish Immunol 17: 105-114.
29. Zhou, Q.C., Y.R. Yue. 2009. Effect of replacing soybean meal with canola meal on growth, feed utilization and haematological indices of juvenile hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus×Oreochromis aureus. Aquaculture Research 41: 982-990.
30. Zhou, F., W. Song, Q. Shao, X. Peng, J. Xiao, Y. Hua and B.N. Owari. 2011. Partial replacement of fish meal by fermented soybean meal in diets for black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii, Juveniles. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 42: 184-196.
2. Bogdan, C., M. Rollinghoff and A. Diefenbach. 2000. The role of nitric oxide in innate immunity. Immunological Reviews 173: 17-26.
3. Cheng, W., C.S. Chiu, Y.K. Guu, S.T. Tsai and C.H. Liu. 2013. Expression of recombinant phytase of Bacillus subtilis E20 in Escherichia coli HMS174 and improving the growth performance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, juveniles by using phytase-pretreated soybean meal-containing diet. Aquaculture Nutrition 19: 117-127.
4. Davis, D.A. and C.R. Arnold. 2000. Replacement of fishmeal in practical diets for the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture 185: 291-298.Ding, Z, Y. Zhang, J. Ye, Z. Du and Y. Kong. 2015. An evaluation of replacing fish meal with fermented soybean meal in the diet of Macrobrachium nipponense: Growth, nonspecific immunity and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish Shellfish Immunology 44: 295-301.
5. Forster, I.P., W. Dominy, L. Obaldo and A.G. Tacon. 2003. Rendered meat and bone meals as ingredients of diets for shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931). Aquaculture 219: 655-670.
6. Francis, G., H. Makkar and K. Becker. 2001. Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish. Aquaculture 199: 197-227.
7. Gomes, E.F., G. Corraze and S. Kaushik. 1993. Effect of dietary incorporation of co-extruded plant protein (rapeseed and peas) on growth, nutrient utilization and muscle fatty acid composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 113: 339-359.
8. Hardy, R.W. 2010. Utilization of plant proteins in fish diets: effects of global demand and supplies of fishmeal. Aquaculture 41: 770-776.
9. Itami, T., Y. Takahashi, E. Tsuchihira, H. Igasu and M. Kondo. 1994. Enhancement of disease resistance of Kuruma Prawn Penaeus japonicas and increase in phagocytic activity of prawn hemocytes after oral administration of ꞵ-1,3-glucan (Schizophyllan), pp. 375-378. In Proceeding of the Third Asian Fisheries Forum Singapore 26-30 October 1992. The Asian Fisheries Society Manila, Philippines.
10. Karder, M.A., S. Koshio, M. Ishikawa, S. Yokoyama, M. Bulbul, B.T. Nguyen, J. Goa and A. Laining. 2011. Can fermented soybean meal and squid by-product blend be used as fishmeal replacements for Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Aquaculture Research 43: 1427-1438.
11. Krogdahl, A., M. Penn, J. Thorsen, S. Refstie and A.M. Bakke. 2010. Important antinutrients in plant feedstuffs for aquaculture: an update on recent findings regarding responses in salmonids. Aquaculture Research 41: 333-344.
12. Lim C. 1996. Substitution of cottonseed meal for marine animal protein in diets for Penaeus vannamei. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 27: 402-409.
13. Liu, K.F, C.H. Chu, Y.L. Shiu, W. Cheng and C.H. Liu. 2010. Effects of the probiotic, Bacillus subtilis E20, on the survival, development, stress tolerance, and immune status of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei larvae. Fish Shellfish Immunology 28: 837–844.
14. Luo, Z., Y.J. Liu, K.S. Mai, L.X. Tian, D.H. Liu and X.Y. Tan. 2004. Optimal dietary protein requirements of grouper Epinephelus coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages. Aquaculture Nutrition 10: 247-252.
15. Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farrand and R.J. Randall. 1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193: 265-275.
16. Meunpol, O., L. Ruangpan and S. Vallisut. 2009. Replacement of soybean meal protein in fish meal diet in organic marine shrimp feed. Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry Special Issue: S175-S181.
17. Nordberg, J. and E.S. Arner. 2001. Reactive oxygen species, antioxidants and the mammalian thioredoxin system. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 31: 1287-1312.
18. Refstie, S, S. Sahlstrom, E. Brathen, G. Baeverfjord and P. Krogedal. 2005. Lactic acid fermentation eliminates indigestible carbohydrates and antinutritional factors in soybean meal for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture 246: 331-345.
19. Sharawy, Z., A.M.A.S. Goda and M.S. Hassaan. 2016. Partial or total replacement of fish meal by solid state fermented soybean meal with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in diets for Indian prawn shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, Postlarvae. Animal Feed Science and Technology 212: 90-99.
20. Skrede, G., T. Storebakken, A. Skrede, S. Sahlstrom, M. Sorensen, K.D. Shearer and E. Slinde. 2002. Lactic acid fermentation of wheat and barley whole meal flours improves digestibility of nutrients and energy in Alantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) diets, Aquaculture 210: 305-321.
21. Skrede, G., O. Herstad, S. Sahlstrom, A. Holck, E. Slinde and A. Skrede. 2003. Effects of lactic acid fermentation on wheat and barley carbohydrate composition and production performance in the chicken. Animal Feed Science and Technology 105: 135-148.
22. Supamattaya, K., J. Pongmaneerat and T. Klowklieng. 2000. The effect of ꞵ-glucan (MacroGard®) on growth performance, immune response and disease resistance in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology 22: 677-688.
23. Tan, B., K. Mai, S. Zheng, Q. Zhou, L. Liu and Y. Yu. 2005. Replacement of fish meal by meat bone meal in practical diets for the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone). Aquaculture Research 36: 436-444.
24. Tidwell J.H., C.D. Webster, D.H. Yancey and L.R. D’Abramo. 1993. Partial and total replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal and distillers’ by products in diets for pond culture of the freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Aquaculture 118: 119-130.
25. Webster, C.D. and C.E. Lim. 2002. Nutrient requirements and feeding of finfish for aquaculture. New York: CAB International. 416 pp.
26. Xie, S.W., Y.L. Liu, S. Zeng, J. Niu and L. Tian. 2016. Partial replacement of fish-meal by soy protein concentrate and soybean meal based protein blend for juvenile Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture 464: 296-302.
27. Yamamoto, T., Y. Iwashita, H. Matsunari, T. Sugita, H. Furuita, A. Akimoto, K. Okamatsu and N. Suzuki. 2010. Influence of fermentation conditions for soybean meal in a non-fish meal diet on the growth performance and physiological condition of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykii. Aquaculture 309: 173-180.
28. Yang, Y., S.Q. Xie, W. Lei, X.M. Zhu and Y.X. Yang. 2004. Effect of replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal and poultry by product meal in diets on growth and immune response of Macrobranchium nipponense. Fish Shellfish Immunol 17: 105-114.
29. Zhou, Q.C., Y.R. Yue. 2009. Effect of replacing soybean meal with canola meal on growth, feed utilization and haematological indices of juvenile hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus×Oreochromis aureus. Aquaculture Research 41: 982-990.
30. Zhou, F., W. Song, Q. Shao, X. Peng, J. Xiao, Y. Hua and B.N. Owari. 2011. Partial replacement of fish meal by fermented soybean meal in diets for black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii, Juveniles. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 42: 184-196.