Genetic Diversity of Symbiodiniaceae Associated with Porites lutea and Pocillopora damicornis in the Gulf of Thailand Inferred from Nucleotide Sequences of Internal Transcribed Spacer-2
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Published:
Dec 31, 2018
Keywords:
Coral DGGE Gulf of Thailand ITS2 Symbiodiniaceae Zooxanthellae
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Abstract
Understanding the variation in Symbiotic algae-coral associations can provide insights about how corals respond to environmental changes. We examined community composition of family symbiodiniaceae in two scleractinian coral hosts, Porites lutea and Pocillopora damicornis at nine sites (n = 4-5 colonies/species/site) in the Gulf of Thailand (GoT). Species in the family Symbiodiniaceae were resolved from denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and identified based on Internal Transcribed Spacer-2 (ITS2) DNA sequences. We observed five ITS2 haplotypes including those contained within Cladocopium goreaui (C1), Cladocopium spp. (C15, C15.7), Durusdinium glynnii (D1) and D. glynnii (D6). Cladocopium sp. (C15), was abundant and prevalent in Por. lutea. D. glynnii (D1) was prevalent in Poc. damicornis. PERMANOVA revealed the effects of host species and the site interactions on Symbiodiniaceae communities. The sampling sites contributed to the variation in Symbiodiniaceae species composition in Poc. damicornis (P<0.01), but not in Por. lutea. Cluster analysis suggested three large groups: (1) Por. lutea (dominated by Cladocopium sp. (C15), (2) Poc. damicornis (dominate by D. glynnii (D1)) and (3) minor group consisting of Poc. damicornis from SM with D. glynnii (D6). D. glynnii (D1) is likely to be widely distributes in the GoT while other is restricted in particular habitats. Despite multiple bleaching events in the GoT, our results suggest the persistence of spatial variation of Symbiodiniaceae communities and thus stress the importance of local adaptation of coral-symbiont partnerships.
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Chankong, A., Kongjandtre, N., Senanan, W., & Manthachitra, V. (2018). Genetic Diversity of Symbiodiniaceae Associated with Porites lutea and Pocillopora damicornis in the Gulf of Thailand Inferred from Nucleotide Sequences of Internal Transcribed Spacer-2. Journal of Fisheries and Environment, 42(3), 66–79. Retrieved from https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JFE/article/view/135052
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References
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32. Ziegler, M., C. Arif, J.A. Burt, S., Dobretsov, C. Roder, T. C. LaJeunesse and C.R. Voolstra. 2017. Biogeography and molecular diversity of coral symbionts in the genus Symbiodinium around the Arabian Peninsula. Journal of Biogeography 44(3): 674–686.
2. Anthony, K.R.N. and K.E. Fabricius. 2000. Shifting roles of heterotrophy and autotrophy in coral energetics under varying turbidity. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 252: 221-253.
3. Arif, C., C. Daniels, T. Bayer, E. Banguera-Hinestroza, A. Barbrook, C.J. Howe, T.C. LaJeunesse and C.R.Voolstra. 2014. Assessing Symbiodinium diversity in scleractinian corals via next-generation sequencing-based genotyping of the ITS2 rDNA region. Molecular Ecology 23: 4418-4433.
4. Boonprakob, R. and A. Chankong. 2000. Occurrence of coral bleaching in the Gulf ofThailand in 1998. Abstract of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Bali. 373 pp.
5. Buranapratheprat, A. T. Yanagi and S. Matsumura. 2008. Seasonal variation in water column conditions in the upper Gulf of Thailand. Continental Shelf Research 28(17): 2509-2522.
6. Chankong A. 2018. Geographic and environmental effects on genetic diversity of Symbiodinium in scleractinian corals in the Gulf of Thailand. Doctoral dissertation Burapha University. 108 pp.
7. Clarke, K.R. and R.N. Gorley. 2006. Primer v6: user manual/tutorial. Primer-E Ltd., Plymouth.
8. Ferrara, G.B., B. Murgia, A.M. Parodi, L. Valisano, C. Cerrano, G. Plamisano, G. Bavestrello and M. Sara. 2006. The assessment of DNA from marine organisms via a modified salting-out protocol. Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters 11: 155-160.
9. Huang, X. and A. Madan. 1999. CAP3: A DNA Sequence Assembly Program. Genome Research 9(9): 868-877.
10. Keshavmurthy, S., P. Meng, J. Wang, C. Kuo, S. Yang, C. Hsu, C. Gan, C. Dai and C.A. Chen. 2014. Can resistant coral-Symbiodinium associations enable coral communities to survive climate change? A study of a site exposed to long-term hot water input. PeerJ 2: e327 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.327.
11. Kimura, M. 1980. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution 16: 111-120.
12. Kuanui, P., S. Chavanich, V. Viyakarn, M. Omori and C. Lin. 2015. Effects of temperature and salinity on survival rate of cultured coral and photosynthetic efficiency of zooxanthellae in coral tissue. Ocean Science Journal 50(2): 263-268.
13. Kumar, S., G. Steche and K. Tamura. 2016. MEGA7: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Biology and Evolution 33: 1870-1874.
14. LaJeunesse, T.C. and D.J. Thornhill. 2011. Improved resolution of reef-coral endosymbiont (Symbiodinium) species diversity, ecology, and evolution through psbA non-coding region genotyping. PLoS ONE 6(12): e29013. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029013
15. LaJeunesse, T.C. and R.K. Trench. 2000. Biogeography of two species of Symbiodinium (Freudenthal) inhabiting the intertidal sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissimi (Brandt). Biological Bulletin 199: 126-134.
16. LaJeunesse, T.C., J.E., Parkinson, P.W., Gabrielson., H.J., Jeong, J.D., Reimer, C.R., Voolstra and S.R. Santos. 2018. Systematic revision of Symbiodiniaceae highlights the antiquity and diversity of coral endosymbionts. Current Biology 28: 2570-2580.
17. LaJeunesse, T.C., R. Bhagooli, M. Hidaka, L. deVantier, T. Done, G.W. Schmidt and W.K. Fitt. 2004. Closely related Symbiodinium spp. differ in relative dominance in coral reef host communities across environmental, latitudinal and biogeographic gradients. Marine Ecology Progress Series 284: 147-161.
18. LaJeunesse, T.C., T. Pettay, E.M. Sampayo, N. Phongsuwan, B. Brown, D. Obura, O. Hoegh-Guldberg and W.K. Fitt. 2010. Long-standing environmental conditions, geographic isolation and host-symbiont specificity influence the relative ecological dominance and genetic diversification of coral endosymbionts in the genus Symbiodinium. Journal of Biogeography 37: 785-800.
19. Phongsuwan, N., A. Chankong, C. Yamarunpatthana, H. Chansang, R. Boonprakob, P. Petchkumnerd, N. Thongtham, S. Paokantha, T. Chanmethakul, P. Panchaiyapoom and O. Bundit. 2013. Status and changing patterns on coral reefs in Thailand during the last two decades. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 96:19-24.
20. Phuket Marine Biological Center. 2010. Coral Bleaching in 2010. Poster. https://www.dmcr.go.th/detailLib/651.
21. Pinzón J.H. and T.C. LaJeunesse. 2011. Species delimitation of common reef corals in the genus Pocillopora using nucleotide sequence phylogenies, population genetics and symbiosis ecology. Molecular Ecology 20: 311–325.
22. Putchim, L. 2017. Coral bleaching and recovery in the Thai Andaman Sea. Doctoral dissertation. University of Bremen. 151 pp.
23. Putnam, H.M., M. Stat, X. Pochon and R.D. Gates. 2012. Endosymbiotic flexibility associates with environmental sensitivity in scleractinian corals. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279(1746): 4352-4361.
24. Sawall, Y., A. Al-Sofyani, E. Bangue-Hinestroza and C.R. Voolstra. 2014. Spatio-temporal analyses of Symbiodinium Physiology of the coral Pocillopora verrucosa along large-scale nutrient and temperature gradients in the Red Sea. PLoS ONE 9(8): e103179. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103179.
25. Stat, M., D.M. Yost and R.D. Gates., 2015. Geographic structure and host specificity shape the community composition of symbiotic dinoflagellates in corals from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Coral Reefs 34: 1075-1086.
26. Sudara, S. and T. Yeemin. 1997. Status of coral reefs in Thailand. In: Status of coral reefs in the Pacific. (eds. R.W. Grigg, and C. Birkeland), pp. 135-144. Sea Grant College Program, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii.
27. Sutthacheep, M., M. Yucharoen, W. Klinthong, S. Pengsakun, K. Sangmanee and T. Yeemin, 2012. Coral mortality following the 2010 mass bleaching event at Kut Island, Thailand. Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin 71: 83-92.
28. Tanzil, I., J. Thuaibah, N. Abigayle, T. Yi Qing, T. Beverly, E. Yun and D. Huang. 2016. A preliminary characterisation of Symbiodinium diversity in some common corals from Singapore. COSMOS 12: 15-27.
29. Tonk, L., P. Bongaerts, E.M. Sampayo and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 2013. SymbioGBR: a web-based database of Symbiodinium associated with cnidarian hosts on the Great Barrier Reef. BMC Ecology 13: 7.
30. Wham, D. C., G. Ning and T.C. LaJeunesse. 2017. Symbiodinium glynnii sp. nov., a species of stress-tolerant symbiotic dinoflagellates from pocilloporid and montiporid corals in the Pacific Ocean. Phycologia 56(4): 396-409.
31. Wong, C.Y., P. Thompson, Y.X James, J.W. Qiu and D.M. Baker, 2016. Symbiodinium clade C generality among common scleractinian corals in subtropical Hong Kong. Regional Studies in Marine Science 8: 439-444.
32. Ziegler, M., C. Arif, J.A. Burt, S., Dobretsov, C. Roder, T. C. LaJeunesse and C.R. Voolstra. 2017. Biogeography and molecular diversity of coral symbionts in the genus Symbiodinium around the Arabian Peninsula. Journal of Biogeography 44(3): 674–686.