Population Biology, Reproductive Biology, Fisheries, and Future Perspective to Develop Three-Spot Swimming Crab Portunus sanguinolentus as New Aquaculture Candidate: A Review
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Abstract
The three-spot swimming crab Portunus sanguinolentus is an easily recognisable portunid species owing to the three red spots on its carapace. Like other portunid swimming crabs, P. sanguinolentus is an edible species found across the Indo-Pacific region, and it is gaining attention as one of the important edible crabs in the coastal crab fishery sector of many countries. In addition to being one of the main crab species (along with P. pelagicus and P. trituberculatus) that support the livelihood of coastal communities, P. sanguinolentus also exhibits high aquaculture potential. This species is often associated with coastal intertidal and subtidal zones, with juveniles and males preferably inhabiting depths up to 30 m, whereas females may be found as deep as 80 m. As P. sanguinolentus is a highly exploited portunid species with great aquaculture potential, this review summarises the available literature to provide a holistic compilation of the current knowledge, ranging from taxonomy and phylogeny, growth and life cycle, reproductive maturity and breeding, to feeding behaviour and food preference; we also highlight the knowledge gaps that require future emphasis. This is the first comprehensive review of the life history and other biological information of P. sanguinolentus. This review serves as an essential baseline for sustainable fishery management and aquaculture development of this species.
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