Comparison of Organic Matter Distribution Patterns in the Gulf of Thailand over the Past Two Decades
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Abstract
Distribution and accumulation of organic matter are key factors to understanding coastal ecosystem health, and hence long-tern monitoring of their patterns could provide useful data for appropriate coastal management. This study examines water content (WC), total organic matter (TOM), total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in the Gulf of Thailand, and then compares these values to a study from 1995. Sediments from the Gulf of Thailand were collected using a gravity corer between 14 March and 12 April 2012 from onboard a fishery research vessel (M.V. SEAFDEC). High values for TOM and WC were found for surface sediments at 0-0.5 cm depth in three major areas of the Gulf of Thailand including the eastern inner gulf near Chang Island, the western gulf near Samui Island, and the southern lower gulf. Horizontal distribution patterns of TOM in surface sediment were almost the same as in the 1995; however, average TOM content increased by 35 %. Distribution patterns of TOC and TN were similar. High values for TOC were observed in the eastern inner gulf near Chang Island and in the western area near Samui Island, while average TOC and TN content increased by 47.08 % and 1.09 %, respectively. Statistical analysis confirmed that TOC content of surface sediments in the Gulf was significantly different (p<0.05) between 1995 and 2012. Overall, results indicated a marked increase of TOM in sediments of the Gulf of Thailand over the past two decades, highlighting current eutrophication problems.
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