Spatial Diversity of Small Pelagic Species Caught in Bali Strait and Adjacent Indonesian Waters
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Abstract
Bali Strait fisheries have experienced overexploitation of certain small pelagic species, such as Bali sardinella (Sardinella lemuru) due to limited species-specific geographic information. The lack of information on pelagic species distribution may hamper fishers in locating suitable fishing grounds, and also in avoiding areas where rebuilding or overfished species inhabit. Spatial diversity clustering can provide an accurate depiction of fishing grounds by species. This study aimed to discover spatial diversity in species composition data and fishing coordinates gathered from commercial fisheries operated in the Bali Strait and landed in Pengambengan fishing port and Muncar fishing port from January to May 2021. All fishing locations and their associated species compositions were digitized into two spatial diversity analyses, conducted by applying Shannon-Wiener’s index (H’) and Margalef’s richness index (S), and a hierarchical cluster with bootstrap p-value analysis. These results were compiled to determine fishing ground patterns. Two clusters, one dominated by Bali sardinella and the other by scads (Decapterus spp.), were evident in even distribution. Therefore, during this time of year, more localized management of pelagic fisheries could be applied in the Bali Strait to encourage fishers to target other species in order to avoid over-exploitation of Bali sardinella.
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