Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with Area Image Analysis of Red Tilapia Weight Estimation in River-Based Cage Culture
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Abstract
Traditional fish weight measurement is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and can stress the fish. Image analysis has been applied to solve these problems, but mostly for small areas. In this study, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV; Phantom 4 model PRO V 2.0) combined with image analysis was used to obtain wider area images and evaluate the weight of red tilapia in a fish cage farm. The study was divided into three parts to assess 1) appropriate flight for UAV image analysis, 2) optimal timing for UAV photography, and 3) accuracy of UAV image analysis for weight estimation. Results showed that an altitude of 7 m was suitable to clearly distinguish the fish using the feature extraction technique. A morning flight between 6:30 a.m. and 7:30 a.m. was the best time for photography, with low sun glare and absence of strong winds, and when most fish swam near the water surface. Moreover, this technique had an accuracy of 91.93±1.21% for weight estimation compared with the traditional method. Based on the findings of this study, it is possible to conclude that this technique has the potential to replace the traditional method. Moreover, it is the first step in developing a monitoring tool to determine the weight of fish swimming freely.
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