Callus Development of the Seagrass Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle
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Abstract
Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle is one of the most important seagrass species found in the coastal areas of Thailand. This study aimed to obtain an efficient plant growth regulator (PGR) for E. acoroides propagation. The callus development was induced and described here for the first time. To produce explants, Murashige & Skoog (MS) basal medium was prepared by using 28 psu artificial seawater instead of freshwater. The axenic seeds were cultured in MS basal medium containing different concentrations of PGRs. The survival rate of seeds ranged from 87% to 100%. All explants produced leaves after seven days. The most effective medium for explant growth and development was MS basal medium supplemented with 30 µM α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) in combination with 10 µM Thidiazuron (TDZ). To produce calluses, the hypocotyls of E. acoroides were taken from 16-week-old seedlings and cultured in MS media supplemented with various concentrations of PGRs. The medium containing 4.0 μM Kinetin in combination with 10.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) under dark conditions (12 weeks) produced the highest percentage of callus formation. Callus developed when the hypocotyl was transferred to MS basal medium with 30 µM NAA in combination with 10 µM TDZ under light conditions. These findings can be used to guide in vitro propagation of E. acoroides.
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