Impacts of Feed Additives, Prebiotics and Vitamin E on Growth and Reproductive Performance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
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Abstract
In this study, the effects of prebiotics (mannan oligosaccharides, MOS) and vitamin E (VitE) on growth, reproductive capacity, and feed utilization of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) broodstock were investigated. Four experimental diets, namely a control (no supplementation), with 1% MOS, with 1% VitE, or with a combination of 1% MOS and 1% VitE, were each administered to three randomly selected cages of experimental fish over a 120-day period. The results revealed that, given alone, both 1% MOS and 1% VitE had a positive effect on the growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rates of Nile tilapia, while only MOS increased villi length. A synergistic effect of MOS and VitE was evident for body weight, length, and average daily weight gain. Interestingly, for reproductive traits, both MOS and VitE enhanced sperm concentration and gonadosomatic indices (GSI) in both sexes, with VitE having a greater effect than MOS; a synergistic effect was also observed. However, no such effect was observed on sperm viability, even though MOS and VitE alone did increase sperm viability. This study also demonstrated the positive impact of MOS on enhancing progesterone and estradiol levels in female Nile tilapia broodstock, with these effects being more pronounced than the response to VitE supplementation and showing significant synergistic effects. For testosterone, the enhancing effect of either MOS or MOS+VitE supplementation was more efficient than supplementation with 1% VitE alone. This study suggests further exploration of 1% MOS+1% VitE as a feed supplement to enhance the reproductive performance of Nile tilapia broodstock.
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