Effects of Health Education Programs by Application of the Protection Motivation Theory and Social Support to Prevent Kidney Disease among Hypertensive Patients

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Hypertension is a major public health problem. It was also found that the renal complications had resulted in difficulties in treatment. This study aim to use the health education program in application of protection motivation theory and social support can be used to improve behavior in preventing the renal complications of hypertension patients.

Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study. The population was consisted of patients with hypertension aged 40-60 years old and was divided into two groups i.e experimental and comparison group, 30 patients per group. The experimental group had been  received the health education program using the theory of protection motivation for a period of six weeks and five weeks for social support. An evaluation was  by using the pre- and post-questionnaires.

Results: The experimental group had an average score of knowledge, perceived severity, perceived risk, expectations of their own abilities, expectation of effectiveness and ways to practice, statistically significantly higher than before experiment and the comparison groups at (p<0.05), the average blood pressure of SBP decreased by 14 mm Hg and the average blood pressure of DBP decreased by 6 mm Hg.

Conclusion: Health education programs can be used to improve behavior and enhance the treatment of high blood pressure, which is able to prevent the renal complications better than those who had received the usual care.

Keywords: Protection Motivation Theory, Social Support, Renal complications of hypertension patients