Adverse Reaction from Intravenous Administration of Iodinated Contrast Material in Patient Undergoing Intravenous Urography

Abstract

Background and Objective : A widespread use of iodinated intravenous contrast medium has caused the concern about the possible adverse reaction and led to its guidelines on the prevention and reduction. This was to study the details of adverse reaction due to the current guideline in order to accomplish the further improvement and development.

Material and Methods : This descriptive study was conducted by the mean of a retrospective data collection. The data was based on 2,176 patients undergoing intravenous urography collected during October 1, 2008 until September 30, 2011 at the Department of Radiology, Mahasarakham Hospital.

Result : The adverse events were found in 9.3 %. The patients with mild reaction were found 8.9 %. There were only 0.4 % of patients with moderate reaction and the severe reaction was not found.  In overall, adverse reactions found in ionic contrast medium were nearly as equal as in non-ionic contrast medium in a ratio of 5 and 4.3% and in the same risk group. We found that adverse reactions from non-ionic contrast medium were more than ionic contrast medium that was different from previous study. That’s because ionic contrast medium were used in the low risk group of patients whereas non-ionic contrast medium were used in the high risk group. Additionally, types of adverse reaction related to risks of patients. There were less adverse events of patients at high risk of idiosyncratic reaction who used prophylaxis premedication than unused patients.

Conclusion : The adverse reaction in this study presented the rate as nearly as the other previous studies; however, the increase in blood pressure, which was non-idiosyncratic, was found the most. That’s because the data of this study classified patients according to risks and completely recorded blood pressure. Types of adverse reaction associated with types of risk in each risk group. Using corticosteroid before contrast medium injection could reduce the occurrence and severity of idiosyncratic adverse reaction but not completely

Keyward : Iodinated contrast medium, Adverse reaction