Microplate Technique for Rh (D) antigen by using diluted anti – D in normal saline medium
Abstract
Background : Micro plate technique is used for routine blood processing in blood bank for mass testing, saving reagents and reducing time.
Objective : The micro plate technique is used for detecting Rh (D) antigen on red blood cells by using normal saline solution (NSS) medium in stead of enzyme solution to save the cost of enzyme reagent and reduce processing time.
Design: Laboratory.
Setting : Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University.
Subject: A total of 11,379 blood samples from blood donors who donated blood to the Blood Transfusion Center, during October 1996-May 1997 were sused for the study.
Methods: Micro plate Rh-D typing was performed by diluting anti-D in NSS medium in comparison to routine one-stage enzyme technique. One percent approximately of red cell solution was prepared by the stick method in 25 microlitre NSS in a V-type micro plate well. Twenty five microlitre of 1:200 diluted anti-D was added. The result was read by the naked eye after incubation at room temperature for one hour.
Results: Both techniques demonstrated concordant results for typing of Rh (D) antigen in all of 11,379 blood samples. There were 11,352 Rh-D positive and 27 Rh-D negative.
Conclusions: This micro plate technique is easily performed for detection of Rh(D) antigen without using enzyme reagent. It gives high sensitivity and specificity of 100% and reduces the cost of enzyme reagent and the time for enzyme solution preparation. Therefore, this micro plate technique using diluted anti-D in NSS reaction can be used for Rh (D) detection in any blood bank which has alarge number of blood donors.
Key word : Microplate * Rh (D) antigen.