Cratoxylum formosum Extract Alleviates Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Nitric Oxide-Deficient Rats
Keywords:
Cratoxylum formosum; LV hypertrophy; nitric oxide-deficient rats; oxidative stressAbstract
Background and Objectives: Cratoxylum formosum (CF), Tiew Khao, is a local plant that exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CF extract on left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and oxidative stress in nitric oxide-deficient rats.
Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups including control group received normal drinking water, Nω-nitro L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) group received L-NAME (40 mg/kg/day) for five weeks and L-NAME group treated with CF extract (500 mg/kg/day) for the last two weeks. At the end of experiment, heart weight, LV wall thickness and cross-sectional area, vascular superoxide production and plasma malondialdehyde were measured.
Results: Rats received L-NAME showed LV hypertrophy and increases in oxidative stress markers (p<0.05). Treatment with CF extract significantly alleviated LV hypertrophy associated with reducing oxidative stress markers in L-NAME treated rats.
Conclusion: CF extract alleviated LV hypertrophy in L-NAME rats which might be related with its antioxidant properties.
References
2. Bernátová I, Pechánová O, Simko F. Captopril prevents NO-deficient hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy without affecting nitric oxide synthase activity in rats. Physiol Res 1996; 45: 311-316.
3. Kopincova J, Puzserova A, Bernátová I. L-NAME in the cardiovascular system - Nitric oxide synthase activator? Pharmacol Rep 2012; 64: 511-520.
4. Pechánová O, Bernátová I, Babál P, Martínez MC, Kyselá S, Stvrtina S, et al. Red wine polyphenols prevent cardiovascular alterations in L-NAME-induced hypertension. J Hypertens 2004; 22: 1551-1559.
5. Maneesai P, Bunbupha S, Potue P, Berkban T, Kukongviriyapan U, Kukongviriyapan V, et al. Hesperidin Prevents Nitric Oxide Deficiency-Induced Cardiovascular Remodeling in Rats via Suppressing TGF-β1 and MMPs Protein Expression. Nutrients 2018; 10: 1549.
6. Takimoto E and Kass David A. Role of Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Remodeling. Hypertension 2007; 49: 241-248.
7. Bunbupha S, Pakdeechote P, Maneesai P, Prachaney P, Boonprom P. Carthamus Tinctorius L. extract attenuates cardiac remodeling in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats by inhibiting the NADPH oxidase-mediated TGF-β1 and MMP-9 pathway. Ann Anat 2019; 222: 120-128.
8. Sripanidkulchai K, Teepsawang S, Sripanidkulchai B. Protective effect of Cratoxylum formosum extract against acid/alcohol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. J Med Food 2010; 13: 1097-1103.
9. Senggunprai L, Thammaniwit W, Kukongviriyapan V, Prawan A, Kaewseejan N, Siriamornpun S. Cratoxylum formosum Extracts Inhibit Growth and Metastasis of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells by Modulating the NF-kappaB and STAT3 Pathways. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68: 328-341.
10. Kukongviriyapan U, Luangaram S, Leekhaosoong K, Kukongviriyapan V, Preeprame S. Antioxidant and vascular protective activities of Cratoxylum formosum, Syzygium gratum and Limnophila aromatica. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30: 661-666.
11. Wunpathe C, Maneesai P, Rattanakanokchai S, Bunbupha S, Kukongviriyapan U, Tong-Un T, et al. Tangeretin mitigates l-NAME-induced ventricular dysfunction and remodeling through the AT(1)R/pERK1/2/pJNK signaling pathway in rats. Food Funct 2020; 11: 1322-333.
12. Nadruz W. Myocardial remodeling in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2015; 29: 1-6.
13. Simko F, Simko J. The potential role of nitric oxide in the hypertrophic growth of the left ventricle. Physiol Res 2000; 49: 37-46.
14. Kumar S, Prahalathan P, Raja B. Syringic acid ameliorates (L)-NAME-induced hypertension by reducing oxidative stress. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012; 385: 1175-1184.
15. Maisuthisakul P, Pongsawatmanit R and Gordon MH. Characterization of the phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of extracts from Teaw (Cratoxylum formosum Dyer). Food Chem 2007; 100: 1620-1629.
16. Bunbupha S, Prachaney P, Kukongviriyapan U, Kukongviriyapan V, Welbat JU, Pakdeechote P. Asiatic acid alleviates cardiovascular remodelling in rats with L-NAME-induced hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 42: 1189-1197.
17. Wang L, Cai G-w, Ding L, Hu J, Zhang Y-x, Huang G-y, et al. Effects of Xin-Ji-Er-Kang on Anticardiovascular Remodeling in<i> L</i>-NAME Induced Hypertensive Mice and Its Potential Mechanisms. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018; 2018: 8067361.
