Emergency Room – Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (ER-REBOA) in Trauma Patient
Keywords:
resuscitative; endovascular; balloon; occlusion; aorta; REBOA; hemorrhage; shock; trauma; torso hemorrhageAbstract
Non-compressible torso hemorrhage such as thorax, abdomen or pelvis is the leading cause of death in trauma patients. Previously, resuscitative thoracotomy provided 8.5% of survival rate which is not satisfactory and recommended in only cardiac arrested patient. It is the origin of the new life-saving procedure called “Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the Aorta – REBOA”. The procedure is to insert the balloon into the aorta via common femoral artery then inflate the balloon to occlusion of the aorta. The result is to slow down the hemorrhage in abdomen or pelvis and increase blood flow to heart and the organs above the occlusion level. Then move the patient to surgery for stop bleeding in abdomen or pelvis. Thus, this procedure will increase survival rate in trauma patients.
References
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3. Kragh JF, Walters TJ, Baer DG, Fox CJ, Wade CE, Salinas J, et al. Practical use of emergency tourniquets to stop bleeding in major limb trauma. JTrauma 2008; 64(2 Suppl): S38–50.
4. Mill V, Wellme E, Montán C. Trauma patients eligible for resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), a retrospective cohort study. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg [Internet]. 2020 Mar 23 [cited Jan 12, 2021]; Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00068-020-01345-w
5. Borger van der Burg BLS, van Dongen TTCF, Morrison JJ, Hedeman Joosten PPA, DuBose JJ, Hörer TM, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in the management of major exsanguination. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2018; 44(4): 535–550.
6. Gamberini E, Coccolini F, Tamagnini B, Martino C, Albarello V, Benni M, et al. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in trauma: a systematic review of the literature. World J Emerg Surg 2017; 12(1): 42.
7. Manzano Nunez R, Naranjo MP, Foianini E, Ferrada P, Rincon E, García-Perdomo HA, et al. A meta-analysis of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) or open aortic cross-clamping by resuscitative thoracotomy in non-compressible torso hemorrhage patients. World J Emerg Surg 2017; 12(1): 30.
8. DuBose JJ, Scalea TM, Brenner M, Skiada D, Inaba K, Cannon J, et al. The AAST prospective aortic occlusion for resuscitation in trauma and acute care surgery (AORTA) registry: Data on contemporary utilization and outcomes of aortic occlusion and resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA). J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016; 81(3): 409–419.
9. Feliciano DV, Mattox KL, Moore EE, Ball CG, Kozar R, Alam HB, et al, editors. Trauma. Ninth. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2020.
10. Nevins EJ, Bird NTE, Malik HZ, Mercer SJ, Shahzad K, Lunevicius R, et al. A systematic review of 3251 emergency department thoracotomies: is it time for a national database? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2019; 45(2): 231–243.
11. Burlew CC, Moore EE, Moore FA, Coimbra R, McIntyre RC, Davis JW, et al. Western trauma association critical decisions in trauma: resuscitative thoracotomy. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2012; 73(6): 1359–1363.
12. Seamon MJ, Haut ER, Van Arendonk K, Barbosa RR, Chiu WC, Dente CJ, et al. An evidence-based approach to patient selection for emergency department thoracotomy: A practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 79(1): 159–173.
13. Otsuka H, Sato T, Sakurai K, Aoki H, Yamagiwa T, Iizuka S, et al. Effect of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in hemodynamically unstable patients with multiple severe torso trauma: a retrospective study. World J Emerg Surg 2018 ;13(1): 49.
14. Morrison JJ, Galgon RE, Jansen JO, Cannon JW, Rasmussen TE, Eliason JL. A systematic review of the use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in the management of hemorrhagic shock: J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016; 80(2): 324–334.
15. Hughes CW. Use of an intra-aortic balloon catheter tamponade for controlling intra-abdominal hemorrhage in man. Surgery 1954; 36(1): 65–68.
16. Low RB, Longmore W, Rubinstein R, Flores L, Wolvek S. Preliminary report on the use of the percluder® occluding aortic balloon in human beings. Ann Emerg Med 1986; 15(12): 1466–1469.
17. Moore LJ, Martin CD, Harvin JA, Wade CE, Holcomb JB. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta for control of noncompressible truncal hemorrhage in the abdomen and pelvis. Am J Surg 2016; 212(6): 1222–1230.
18. Borger van der Burg BLS, Kessel B, DuBose JJ, Hörer TM, Hoencamp R. Consensus on resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the Aorta: A first consensus paper using a Delphi method. Injury 2019; 50(6): 1186–1191.
19. Moore LJ, Brenner M, Kozar RA, Pasley J, Wade CE, Baraniuk MS, et al. Implementation of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta as an alternative to resuscitative thoracotomy for noncompressible truncal hemorrhage: J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 79(4): 523–32.
20. Saito N, Matsumoto H, Yagi T, Hara Y, Hayashida K, Motomura T, et al. Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 78(5): 897–903; discussion 904.
21. Biffl WL, Fox CJ, Moore EE. The role of REBOA in the control of exsanguinating torso hemorrhage. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 78(5): 1054–8.
22. Napolitano LM. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta. Critical Care Clinics 2017; 33(1): 55–70.
23. Kulla M, Popp E, Knapp J. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: an option for noncompressible torso hemorrhage? Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2019; 32(2): 213–226.
24. Stannard A, Eliason JL, Rasmussen TE. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (reboa) as an adjunct for hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma 2011; 71(6): 1869–1872.
25. Romagnoli A, Teeter W, Pasley J, Hu P, Hoehn M, Stein D, et al. Time to aortic occlusion: It’s all about access. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2017; 83(6): 1161–1164.
26. Brenner M, Teeter W, Hoehn M, Pasley J, Hu P, Yang S, et al. Use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta for proximal aortic control in patients with severe hemorrhage and arrest. JAMA Surg 2018; 153(2): 130-135.
27. Abe T, Uchida M, Nagata I, Saitoh D, Tamiya N. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta versus aortic cross clamping among patients with critical trauma: a nationwide cohort study in Japan. Crit Care 2016; 20(1): 400.
28. Linnebur M, Inaba K, Haltmeier T, Rasmussen TE, Smith J, Mendelsberg R, et al. Emergent non–image-guided resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) catheter placement: A cadaver-based study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016; 81(3): 453–457.
29. Teeratakulpisarn P, Angkasith P, Tanmit P, Prasertcharoensuk S, Thanapaisal C, Wongkonkitsin N. Position of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in Thai people. Srinagarind Med J 2020; 35(6): 662–668.
30. Johnson MA, Neff LP, Williams TK, DuBose JJ. Partial resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta (P-REBOA): Clinical technique and rationale. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016 ; 81: S133–137.
31. Heindl SE, Wiltshire DA, Vahora IS, Tsouklidis N, Khan S. Partial versus complete resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in exsanguinating trauma patients with non-compressible torso hemorrhage. Cureus [Internet]. 2020 Jul 4 [cited Jan 16, 2021]; Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/34813-partial-versus-complete-resuscitative-endovascular-balloon-occlusion-of-the-aorta-in-exsanguinating-trauma-patients-with-non-compressible-torso-hemorrhage
32. Russo RM, Neff LP, Lamb CM, Cannon JW, Galante JM, Clement NF, et al. Partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in swine model of hemorrhagic shock. J Am Coll Surg 2016; 223(2): 359–368.
33. Johnson MA, Hoareau GL, Beyer CA, Caples CA, Spruce M, Grayson JK, et al. Not ready for prime time: Intermittent versus partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta for prolonged hemorrhage control in a highly lethal porcine injury model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2020; 88(2): 298–304.
34. Reva VA, Matsumura Y, Hörer T, Sveklov DA, Denisov AV, Telickiy SY, et al. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: what is the optimum occlusion time in an ovine model of hemorrhagic shock? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2018; 44(4): 511–518.
35. Eliason JL, Myers DD, Ghosh A, Morrison JJ, Mathues AR, Durham L, et al. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA): Zone I Balloon Occlusion Time Affects Spinal Cord Injury in the Nonhuman Primate Model. Annals of Surgery [Internet]. 2019 Jun 7 [cited Jan 16, 2021];Publish Ahead of Print. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/00000658-900000000-95077
36. Yamamoto R, Cestero RF, Muir MT, Jenkins DH, Eastridge BJ, Funabiki T, et al. Delays in Surgical Intervention and Temporary Hemostasis Using Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the aorta (REBOA): Influence of Time to Operating Room on Mortality. Am J Surg 2020; 220(6): 1485–1491.
37. Martinelli T, Thony F, Decléty P, Sengel C, Broux C, Tonetti J, et al. Intra-Aortic Balloon Occlusion to Salvage Patients With Life-Threatening Hemorrhagic Shocks From Pelvic Fractures. J Trauma 2010; 68(4): 942-948.
38. Daley J, Morrison JJ, Sather J, Hile L. The role of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) as an adjunct to ACLS in non-traumatic cardiac arrest. Am J Emerg Med 2017; 35(5): 731–736.
39. Thabouillot O, Bertho K, Rozenberg E, Roche NC, Boddaert G, Jost D, et al. How many patients could benefit from REBOA in prehospital care? A retrospective study of patients rescued by the doctors of the Paris fire brigade. J R Army Med Corps 2018; 164(4): 267–270.
40. Lendrum R, Perkins Z, Chana M, Marsden M, Davenport R, Grier G, et al. Pre-hospital Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) for exsanguinating pelvic haemorrhage. Resuscitation 2019; 135: 6–13.
41. Sadek S, Lockey DJ, Lendrum RA, Perkins Z, Price J, Davies GE. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in the pre-hospital setting: An additional resuscitation option for uncontrolled catastrophic haemorrhage. Resuscitation 2016; 107: 135–138.
42. Reynolds CL, Celio AC, Bridges LC, Mosquera C, OʼConnell B, Bard MR, et al. REBOA for the IVC? Resuscitative balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava (REBOVC) to abate massive hemorrhage in retrohepatic vena cava injuries: J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2017 ; 83(6): 1041–1046.
43. Wikström MB, Krantz J, Hörer TM, Nilsson KF. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava is made hemodynamically possible by concomitant endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta—A porcine study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2020; 88(1): 160–168.
2. Tien HC, Spencer F, Tremblay LN, Rizoli SB, Brenneman FD. Preventable deaths from hemorrhage at a level i canadian trauma center. J Trauma 2007; 62(1): 142–146.
3. Kragh JF, Walters TJ, Baer DG, Fox CJ, Wade CE, Salinas J, et al. Practical use of emergency tourniquets to stop bleeding in major limb trauma. JTrauma 2008; 64(2 Suppl): S38–50.
4. Mill V, Wellme E, Montán C. Trauma patients eligible for resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), a retrospective cohort study. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg [Internet]. 2020 Mar 23 [cited Jan 12, 2021]; Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00068-020-01345-w
5. Borger van der Burg BLS, van Dongen TTCF, Morrison JJ, Hedeman Joosten PPA, DuBose JJ, Hörer TM, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in the management of major exsanguination. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2018; 44(4): 535–550.
6. Gamberini E, Coccolini F, Tamagnini B, Martino C, Albarello V, Benni M, et al. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in trauma: a systematic review of the literature. World J Emerg Surg 2017; 12(1): 42.
7. Manzano Nunez R, Naranjo MP, Foianini E, Ferrada P, Rincon E, García-Perdomo HA, et al. A meta-analysis of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) or open aortic cross-clamping by resuscitative thoracotomy in non-compressible torso hemorrhage patients. World J Emerg Surg 2017; 12(1): 30.
8. DuBose JJ, Scalea TM, Brenner M, Skiada D, Inaba K, Cannon J, et al. The AAST prospective aortic occlusion for resuscitation in trauma and acute care surgery (AORTA) registry: Data on contemporary utilization and outcomes of aortic occlusion and resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA). J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016; 81(3): 409–419.
9. Feliciano DV, Mattox KL, Moore EE, Ball CG, Kozar R, Alam HB, et al, editors. Trauma. Ninth. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2020.
10. Nevins EJ, Bird NTE, Malik HZ, Mercer SJ, Shahzad K, Lunevicius R, et al. A systematic review of 3251 emergency department thoracotomies: is it time for a national database? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2019; 45(2): 231–243.
11. Burlew CC, Moore EE, Moore FA, Coimbra R, McIntyre RC, Davis JW, et al. Western trauma association critical decisions in trauma: resuscitative thoracotomy. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2012; 73(6): 1359–1363.
12. Seamon MJ, Haut ER, Van Arendonk K, Barbosa RR, Chiu WC, Dente CJ, et al. An evidence-based approach to patient selection for emergency department thoracotomy: A practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 79(1): 159–173.
13. Otsuka H, Sato T, Sakurai K, Aoki H, Yamagiwa T, Iizuka S, et al. Effect of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in hemodynamically unstable patients with multiple severe torso trauma: a retrospective study. World J Emerg Surg 2018 ;13(1): 49.
14. Morrison JJ, Galgon RE, Jansen JO, Cannon JW, Rasmussen TE, Eliason JL. A systematic review of the use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in the management of hemorrhagic shock: J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016; 80(2): 324–334.
15. Hughes CW. Use of an intra-aortic balloon catheter tamponade for controlling intra-abdominal hemorrhage in man. Surgery 1954; 36(1): 65–68.
16. Low RB, Longmore W, Rubinstein R, Flores L, Wolvek S. Preliminary report on the use of the percluder® occluding aortic balloon in human beings. Ann Emerg Med 1986; 15(12): 1466–1469.
17. Moore LJ, Martin CD, Harvin JA, Wade CE, Holcomb JB. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta for control of noncompressible truncal hemorrhage in the abdomen and pelvis. Am J Surg 2016; 212(6): 1222–1230.
18. Borger van der Burg BLS, Kessel B, DuBose JJ, Hörer TM, Hoencamp R. Consensus on resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the Aorta: A first consensus paper using a Delphi method. Injury 2019; 50(6): 1186–1191.
19. Moore LJ, Brenner M, Kozar RA, Pasley J, Wade CE, Baraniuk MS, et al. Implementation of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta as an alternative to resuscitative thoracotomy for noncompressible truncal hemorrhage: J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 79(4): 523–32.
20. Saito N, Matsumoto H, Yagi T, Hara Y, Hayashida K, Motomura T, et al. Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 78(5): 897–903; discussion 904.
21. Biffl WL, Fox CJ, Moore EE. The role of REBOA in the control of exsanguinating torso hemorrhage. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 78(5): 1054–8.
22. Napolitano LM. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta. Critical Care Clinics 2017; 33(1): 55–70.
23. Kulla M, Popp E, Knapp J. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: an option for noncompressible torso hemorrhage? Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2019; 32(2): 213–226.
24. Stannard A, Eliason JL, Rasmussen TE. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (reboa) as an adjunct for hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma 2011; 71(6): 1869–1872.
25. Romagnoli A, Teeter W, Pasley J, Hu P, Hoehn M, Stein D, et al. Time to aortic occlusion: It’s all about access. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2017; 83(6): 1161–1164.
26. Brenner M, Teeter W, Hoehn M, Pasley J, Hu P, Yang S, et al. Use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta for proximal aortic control in patients with severe hemorrhage and arrest. JAMA Surg 2018; 153(2): 130-135.
27. Abe T, Uchida M, Nagata I, Saitoh D, Tamiya N. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta versus aortic cross clamping among patients with critical trauma: a nationwide cohort study in Japan. Crit Care 2016; 20(1): 400.
28. Linnebur M, Inaba K, Haltmeier T, Rasmussen TE, Smith J, Mendelsberg R, et al. Emergent non–image-guided resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) catheter placement: A cadaver-based study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016; 81(3): 453–457.
29. Teeratakulpisarn P, Angkasith P, Tanmit P, Prasertcharoensuk S, Thanapaisal C, Wongkonkitsin N. Position of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in Thai people. Srinagarind Med J 2020; 35(6): 662–668.
30. Johnson MA, Neff LP, Williams TK, DuBose JJ. Partial resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta (P-REBOA): Clinical technique and rationale. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2016 ; 81: S133–137.
31. Heindl SE, Wiltshire DA, Vahora IS, Tsouklidis N, Khan S. Partial versus complete resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in exsanguinating trauma patients with non-compressible torso hemorrhage. Cureus [Internet]. 2020 Jul 4 [cited Jan 16, 2021]; Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/34813-partial-versus-complete-resuscitative-endovascular-balloon-occlusion-of-the-aorta-in-exsanguinating-trauma-patients-with-non-compressible-torso-hemorrhage
32. Russo RM, Neff LP, Lamb CM, Cannon JW, Galante JM, Clement NF, et al. Partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in swine model of hemorrhagic shock. J Am Coll Surg 2016; 223(2): 359–368.
33. Johnson MA, Hoareau GL, Beyer CA, Caples CA, Spruce M, Grayson JK, et al. Not ready for prime time: Intermittent versus partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta for prolonged hemorrhage control in a highly lethal porcine injury model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2020; 88(2): 298–304.
34. Reva VA, Matsumura Y, Hörer T, Sveklov DA, Denisov AV, Telickiy SY, et al. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: what is the optimum occlusion time in an ovine model of hemorrhagic shock? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2018; 44(4): 511–518.
35. Eliason JL, Myers DD, Ghosh A, Morrison JJ, Mathues AR, Durham L, et al. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA): Zone I Balloon Occlusion Time Affects Spinal Cord Injury in the Nonhuman Primate Model. Annals of Surgery [Internet]. 2019 Jun 7 [cited Jan 16, 2021];Publish Ahead of Print. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/00000658-900000000-95077
36. Yamamoto R, Cestero RF, Muir MT, Jenkins DH, Eastridge BJ, Funabiki T, et al. Delays in Surgical Intervention and Temporary Hemostasis Using Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the aorta (REBOA): Influence of Time to Operating Room on Mortality. Am J Surg 2020; 220(6): 1485–1491.
37. Martinelli T, Thony F, Decléty P, Sengel C, Broux C, Tonetti J, et al. Intra-Aortic Balloon Occlusion to Salvage Patients With Life-Threatening Hemorrhagic Shocks From Pelvic Fractures. J Trauma 2010; 68(4): 942-948.
38. Daley J, Morrison JJ, Sather J, Hile L. The role of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) as an adjunct to ACLS in non-traumatic cardiac arrest. Am J Emerg Med 2017; 35(5): 731–736.
39. Thabouillot O, Bertho K, Rozenberg E, Roche NC, Boddaert G, Jost D, et al. How many patients could benefit from REBOA in prehospital care? A retrospective study of patients rescued by the doctors of the Paris fire brigade. J R Army Med Corps 2018; 164(4): 267–270.
40. Lendrum R, Perkins Z, Chana M, Marsden M, Davenport R, Grier G, et al. Pre-hospital Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) for exsanguinating pelvic haemorrhage. Resuscitation 2019; 135: 6–13.
41. Sadek S, Lockey DJ, Lendrum RA, Perkins Z, Price J, Davies GE. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in the pre-hospital setting: An additional resuscitation option for uncontrolled catastrophic haemorrhage. Resuscitation 2016; 107: 135–138.
42. Reynolds CL, Celio AC, Bridges LC, Mosquera C, OʼConnell B, Bard MR, et al. REBOA for the IVC? Resuscitative balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava (REBOVC) to abate massive hemorrhage in retrohepatic vena cava injuries: J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2017 ; 83(6): 1041–1046.
43. Wikström MB, Krantz J, Hörer TM, Nilsson KF. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava is made hemodynamically possible by concomitant endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta—A porcine study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2020; 88(1): 160–168.
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2021-06-18
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Teeratakulpisarn P. Emergency Room – Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (ER-REBOA) in Trauma Patient. SRIMEDJ [Internet]. 2021 Jun. 18 [cited 2024 Nov. 25];36(3):366-74. Available from: https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/SRIMEDJ/article/view/251234
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