Association of Covid-19 Vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Post Covid-19 Vaccination in Chumphae District, Khon Kaen Province
Keywords:
COVID-19 vaccine, SAR-CoV-2infection, COVID-19Abstract
Background and Objectives: Covid-19 is dangerous communicable disease that spread worldwide about 600 million patients were found. Many countries have covid-19 vaccination campaign for herd immunity. However, there has been little known study on the incidence rate and the association with COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 infections after each vaccine dose. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection after COVID-19 vaccination in Chum Phae District, Khon Kaen province.
Method: This was an analytical retrospective cohort study that included individuals aged 18 years up and history of post covid-19 vaccination. A stratified random sampling technique was used to collect data from patient medical records between 2021-2022 involving 354 COVID-19 patients and then follow up to 6 months for RT-PCR results and registered in the COVID-19 patient database at Chumphae Hospital, Khon Kaen Province. The data were analyzed using a generalized linear model (GLM), and the adjusted relative risk (Adj RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was presented.
Results: The overall incidence rate was 9.3 per 100 people-6 months (95%CI 6.7-12.8), while the incidence of one dose of vaccination was 76.9 per 100 people-6 months (95%CI 44.3-93.3), and the incidence of two doses of vaccination was 4.1 per 100 people-6 months (95%CI 2.3-7.0). Vaccination was also found to be statistically significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (p<0.001) in which it was found that receiving 1 dose of vaccine (Adj RR = 2.53; 95%CI = 1.40-4.58) and 2 doses of vaccine (Adj RR = 0.21; 95%CI = 0.10-0.46).
Conclusion: Vaccination was associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The incidence of SAR-CoV-2 infection was low in those who received 2 doses of vaccine, while 1 dose of vaccine did not protect against infection of SAR-CoV-2
References
Ministry of Public Health. Announcement of the ministry of public health on names and important symptoms of dangerous communicable diseases (Volume 3) B.E. Royal Thai Government Gazette 2020;137(Special Part 48):1.
World Health Organization [WHO]. Coronavirus. 2022. [cited May 1, 2022]. Available from: https://www.who.int/thailand/health-topics/coronavirus.
Division of Communicable Diseases Ministry of Public Health. Guidelines for surveillance, prevention and control of Coronavirus Disease 2019 for medical and public health personnel. Nonthaburi: Ministry of Public Health, 2021.
World Health Organization [WHO] Global Situation WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. 2022. [cited March 10, 2022]. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/.
Center for Situation Management of the Coronavirus Disease 2019. Summary of the situation of covid-19 in Thailand. 2022. [cited April 7, 2022]. Available from: https://www.moicovid.com/ 01/03/2022/uncategorized/6663/.
BC Centre for Disease Control. COVID-19 variants. 2022. [cited May 1, 2022]. Available from: http://www.bccdc.ca/health-info/diseases-conditions/covid-19/about-covid-19/variants.
Zakianis Z, Adzania FH, Fauzia S, Aryati, GP, Mahkota R. Sociodemographic and environmental health risk factor of COVID-19 in Jakarta, Indonesia:
An ecological study. One Health 2021;13(2):e100303. doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100303
Alam MR, Kabir MR, Reza S. Comorbidities might be a risk factor for the incidence of COVID-19: Evidence from a web-based survey. PMC 2021;21(5):e101319. doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101319
De Lusignan S, Dorward J, Correa A, Jones N, Akinyemi O, Amirthalingam G, et al. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 among patients in the Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre primary care network: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 20(9):1034–42. doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30371-6
Hernandez Acosta RA, Esquer Garrigos Z, Marcelin JR, Vijayvargiya P. COVID-19 Pathogenesis and Clinical Manifestations. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2022;36(2):231–49. doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2022.01.003
World Health Organization [WHO]. Advice keep good hygiene. 2021. [cited May 2, 2022]. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public.
Sirinawin S. Herd immunity. Bangkok: Office of the National Health Commission, 2020.
World Health Organization [WHO]. COVID-19-Lanscape of novel coronavirus candidate vaccine development worldwide. 2022. [cited June 18, 2022]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines.
Public Consumer Affairs Division and Food and Drug Administration. Vaccine for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 approved by the Thai FDA. Bangkok: Public Consumer Affairs Division, 2021.
World Health Organization [WHO]. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. 2022. [cited march 5, 2022]. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/.
National Statistical Office. Number of population and houses. Classified by district. 2022. [cited may 1, 2022]. Available from: http://service.nso.go.th/nso/nsopublish/districtList/S010107/th/ 56.htm.
Ghasemiyeh P, Mohammadi-Samani S, Firouzabadi N, Dehshahri, A, Vazin A. A focused review on technologies, mechanisms, safety, and efficacy of available COVID-19 vaccines. Int Immunopharmacol 2021;100:108162. doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108162
Robles-Fontán MM, Nieves EG, Cardona-Gerena I, Irizarry RA. Effectiveness estimates of three COVID-19 vaccines based on observational data from Puerto Rico. Lancet Reg Health Am 2022;9: 100212. doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2022.100212.
Feikin DR, Higdon MM, Abu-Raddad LJ, Andrews N, Araosb R, Goldberg Y, et al. Duration of effectiveness of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease: Results of a systematic review and meta-regression. Lancet 2022;399(10328):924–44. doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00152-0
Hsieh FY, Bloch DA, Larsen MD. A simple method of sample size calculation for linear and logistic regression. Stat Med 1998;17(14):1623-34. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19980730)17:14<1623::aid-sim871>3.0.co;2-s.
Hall VJ, Foulkes S, Saei A, Andrews N, Oguti B, Charlett A, et al. COVID-19 vaccine coverage in health-care workers in England and effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine against infection (SIREN): a prospective, multicentre, cohort study. Lancet 2021;397(10286):1725–35. doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00790-X.
Bernal JL, Andrews N, Gower C, Stowe J, Robertson C, Tessier E, et al. Early effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and ChAdOx1 adenovirus vector vaccine on symptomatic disease, hospitalisations and mortality in older adults in England. 2021. [cited March 15, 2022]. Available from: http://medrxiv.org/lookup/doi/10.1101/2021.03.01.21252652. doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.01.21252652
Ismail-AlHosani F, EduardoStanciole A, Aden B, Timoshkin A, Najim O, Abbas-Zaher W, et al. Impact of the Sinopharm’s BBIBP-CorV vaccine in preventing hospital admissions and death in infected vaccinees: Results from a retrospective study in the emirate of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Vaccine 2022;40(13):2003-10. doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.02.039
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Srinagarind Medical Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
