Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, Antioxidant Activity of Antidesma Velutinosum Extract and Effect of the Extract on Spatial Memory in Rats
Keywords:
mamao, phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant activityAbstract
Background and Objectives: Mamao is widely used in folk medicine to treat diabetes, hypertension, dysentery, and indigestion. Mamao extract has neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. This study investigated the phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity as well as the effect of Antidesma velutinosum extract (AVE) on spatial memory in rats.
Methods: AVE was extracted from dried powdered Mamao fruits with 95% ethanol. The colorimetric method was used to determine total phenolic contents, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity. The effects of AVE on spatial memory and locomotor activity in rats were assessed using the Morris water maze test (MWM) and open field test (OFT). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 animals each: Group 1: vehicle control received sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Group 2: Vit C received 200 mg/kg BW of vitamin C, Group 3: AVE125 mg/kg BW received 125 mg/kg BW of AVE, and Group 4: AVE250 mg/kg BW received 125 mg/kg BW of AVE. The assigned substances were administered to the rats according to the experimental groups for 16 days. Spatial memory was assessed on days 13-16 and locomotor activity was assessed on days 16.
Results: AVE contained total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 44.87 ± 0.31 µg GAE/mg and 17.88 ± 0.46 µg QE/mg, respectively, as well as showed DPPH antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 504.65 µg/ml. AVE administration for 16 days did not enhance spatial memory and did not affect locomotor activity in rats.
Conclusion: AVE contained high levels of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and had good antioxidant activity, but did not affect spatial memory and locomotor activity in rats.
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