Incidence and Factors Associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) in Roiet Hospital

Abstract

Objective:  This study aimed to examine the incidence and factors associated with retinopathy ofprematurity (ROP) in Roiet Hospital.

Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of premature infants screened for ROP between January 2013 and December 2015was conducted. The screening examination was performed for infants withat least one of the following criteria: 1) gestational age of ≤30 weeks, or 2) birth weight ≤1,500 grams, or 3) birth weight between 1500-2000 grams with unstable clinical course, and ROP was diagnosed according to the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity. Maternal, obstetric, neonatal, and medical data were retrieved. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify factors associated withROP. 

Results: A total of 343 premature infants were screened. The mean ± SD birth weight and gestational age were 1,594 ± 491 grams and 31 ± 3 weeks, respectively.  Incidence of any ROP and ROP at least stage 3 were 34% and  8%,  respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that parental nutrition (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =1.98, 95%CI:1.15– 3.39), neonatal anemia (AOR=2.06, 95%CI: 1.19–3.58), neonatal hypotension (AOR=5, 95%CI: 2.11–11.84) and gestation age (AOR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.75-0.88) were significant factors associated with the development of ROP, after controlling for otherconfounding factors.Further, twins(AOR=4.77, 95%CI:1.36-16.68) and gestation age(AOR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.71-0.93) were both associated with ROPat least stage 3.

Conclusion: The incidence of  ROP  and  ROP ≥3 in this population were 34% and 8%, respectively.  Our data suggests that factors associated ROP were parental nutrition, neonatal anemia, neonatal hypotension and gestation age.Moreover, lower gestation age and twins could affect the occurrence of ROP ≥ stage 3