The determination on mutagenicity of nitrite treated extracts from some herbs using Ames test
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/tjg.2008.15Keywords:
mutagenicity, herbs, Ames testAbstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the mutagenicity of 17 herb extracts (18 samples), including Phyllanthus emblica Linn., Tinospora crispa Linn., Acanthus ilicifolius Linn., Allium sativum Linn., Andrographis paniculata Wall. Ex Nees, Murdannia loriformis (Hassk.), Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Cassia siamea Britt., Azadirachta indica, Solanum trilobatum Linn., Solanum indicum Linn., Momordica charantia Linn., Phyllanthus amarus Schum&Thonn., Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) Nichols., Lonicera japonica Thumb, and Cyperus rotundus Linn. The herbs were extracted using two different solvents, water and ethanol, and were treated with nitrite to observe mutagen expression as Nitroso compound corresponding to frameshift mutation. The extracts from both treated solvents at concentration of 1.3, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/plate were subjected to Ames test. The growth of Salmonella typhimurium TA98 was displayed as the indicator to detect the mutagenicity. The results showed that there was no mutagenic activity from the herb extracts without sodium nitrite treatment. However, after being treated with nitrite in an acidic condition (pH 3-3.5) at 37 °C for 4 h, almost of the ethanol extracts showed direct mutagenic activity towards the bacteria except the extracts from Phyllanthus amarus Schum&Thonn. and Momordica charatia Linn. The water extracts from Tinospora crispa Linn., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Cassia siamea Britt., and Momordica charatia Linn. expressed low level of mutagenic activity .
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