วิศวกรรมเมแทบอลิคในวิถีชิคิเมตกับการสร้างสารเมแทบอไลต์ทุติยภูมิ (Metabolic engineering in the shikimate pathway and secondary metabolites production)
Keywords:
วิถีชิคิเมต (shikimate pathway), วิศวกรรมเมแทบอลิค (metabolic engineering)Abstract
Chorismic acid, an end product of the shikimate pathway, is a precursor for the production of essential amino acids and secondary metabolites such as folate, ubiquinone, coenzyme Q10 and antibiotics. Intermediates of this pathway such as shikimic acid was used as a precursor for the production of neuraminidase inhibitor for treatment of influenza. Thus, this paper summarized or reviewed the research studies of metabolic engineering in shikimate pathway of bacteria to improve the accumulation of important intermediates or by product such as chloramphenicol. Furthermore, the study of enzymes in the shikimate pathway were reviewed as potential drug targets for antipathogenic bacteria.
บทคัดย่อ
วิถีชิคิเมต (shikimate pathway) เป็นวิถีที่สังเคราะห์กรดคลอริสมิค (chorismic acid) เพื่อเป็นสารตั้งต้น ในการสังเคราะห์กรดอะมิโนจำเป็น และสารเมแทบอไลต์ทุติยภูมิ เช่น โฟเลต (folate) ยูบิควิโนน (ubiquinone) โคเอนไซม์ คิวเทน (coenzyme Q10) รวมทั้งยาปฏิชีวนะหลายชนิด สารตัวกลางในวิถีนี้ถูกนำไปใช้ประโยชน์ เช่น กรดชิคิมิค (shikimic acid) ใช้เป็นสารตั้งต้นในการผลิตยาที่เป็นสารยับยั้งการทำงานของเอนไซม์นิวรามินิเดส (neuraminidase inhibitor) ต้านไวรัสโรคหวัด เป็นต้น ดังนั้นบทความนี้เป็นบทความสรุปและทบทวนการศึกษาวิจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับ วิศวกรรมเมแทบอลิคในวิถีชิคิเมตของแบคทีเรีย เพื่อให้แบคทีเรียสะสมสารตัวกลางในวิถีนี้เพิ่มมากขึ้น หรือเพื่อทำให้แบคทีเรียนั้นๆ สามารถสร้างยาปฏิชีวนะ เช่น คลอแรมเฟนิคอล ได้เพิ่มขึ้น นอกจากนี้ยังได้ทบทวนการศึกษาเอนไซม์ในวิถีนี้ ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการหายาเป้าหมายที่ยับยั้งแบคทีเรียก่อโรคหลายชนิด
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