Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing Control on Heart Rate Variability in Overweight and Obese Female Adolescents
Keywords:
Adolescent; Obesity; Breathing control; Heart rate variability; วัยรุ่น; โรคอ้วน; การควบคุมการหายใจ; ค่าความแปรปรวนของการเต้นของหัวใจAbstract
Background and Objective: Obesity and overweight are associated with dysfunction of autonomic nervous system (ANS). Increased sympathetic activity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). On the contrary, enhancement of parasympathetic activity could prevent CVD. The aim of this study was to determine effect of diaphragmatic breathing control which is a physical therapy technique on changes of ANS function in overweight and obese female adolescents.
Material and Methods: In a crossover design, 12 overweight and obese female adolescents with body mass index ≥ 23 kg/m2 were recruited. They randomly performed two breathing manners consisting of a 10 minute normal breathing (spontaneous breathing) and a 10 minute diaphragmatic breathing control, with a 10 minute resting interval. Heart rate variability (HRV) which reflects ANS function, respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure were measured prior and subsequent to the two breathing manners.
Results: High frequency power value of HRV following diaphragmatic breathing control was significantly higher than those following spontaneous breathing. In addition, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure following diaphragmatic breathing control were significantly lower than that baseline and following spontaneous breathing. There was no significant difference in heart rate between breathing manners.
Conclusion: This study suggests that diaphragmatic breathing control may be a useful technique for enhancing parasympathetic nervous system activity and attenuating respiratory rate and blood pressure in overweight female adolescents.
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