Prevalence and Risk Factors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Health Care Workers in Roi Et Hospital
Keywords:
latent tuberculosis infection, heal care worker, interferon-gammaAbstract
Background and objective: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria can survive in environment as aerosols for relatively long time and infects human via breathing, coughing, and sneezing. An infection may remain dormant as latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) asymptomatic unless one’s immune function become weakness where reactivation and diseases occurs. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of LTBI among health care workers in Roi Et Hospital.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data was collected from 663 health care workers by interviewing and blood sampling test for Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) in Laboratory at the Office of Disease Prevention and Control 7 Khon Kaen Province from January to April 2022. The univariate and multivariate analysis were used for statistical analyses and p < 0.05 was considered for statistically significance.
Results: On a total 633 participant, Sixty-three participants were tested positive for IGRAs, making the LTBI prevalence of 9.50% (95%CI=5.77-15.27). The main risk factors for LTBI were working time between 11-20 years (Adj.OR=2.63; 95%CI: 1.28-6.44), over 20 years (Adj.OR=3.33; 95%CI:1.46-6.00), cigarettes smoking (Adj.OR=5.07; 95%CI:1.03-24.81), asthma (Adj.OR=2.63; 95%CI:1.98-7.05), Immunosuppressant medications (Adj OR=3.33; 95%CI:1.07-4.52), family history of tuberculosis (Adj. OR=3.01; 95%CI:1.34-6.76), health care-related contact with tuberculosis patients more than 8 hours per day (Adj. OR=1.87; 95%CI: 1.19-2.54), working as nurse assistant (Adj. OR=3.83; 95%CI:1.46-33.30 ), or registered nurse (Adj. OR=5.50 ; 95%CI:1.54-17.87).
Conclusion: This study found preval und of (LTBI) was 9.5 % and risk factors for LTBI in healthcare workers were including long working duration, cigarettes smoking, asthma, immunosuppressants medication, health care-related contact with TB patient more than 8 hours per day, working as nurse assistant or registered nurse, and history of family members had tuberculosis. It is recommended that any healthcare workers who tested positive for IGRA should receive treatment and monitoring.
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