Survey on Health Literacy and Health Behaviors in Patients with Stable Schizophrenia
Keywords:
health literacy, health behaviors, relapse prevention behaviors, schizophreniaAbstract
Background and Objective: Schizophrenia is a condition requiring long-term treatment. Patients often exhibit lifestyles that increase health risks and have a high prevalence of comorbid medical conditions, especially metabolic syndrome. Health literacy has a positive correlation with health behaviors. This study aimed to determine the level and relationship between health literacy, health behaviors, and relapse prevention behaviors with the presence of comorbid medical conditions and inpatient treatment.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on stable out patients schizophrenia at Srithanya Hospital, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajanagarindra Psychiatric Hospital, Songkhla Rajanagarindra Psychiatric Hospital, Pathum Thani hospital, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Hospital, and Sena Hospital in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province. Data were collected using assessments of health literacy, health behaviors, and relapse prevention behaviors. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, binary logistic regression.
Results: A total of 972 participants were included, with 581 males (59.8%). The average age was 41.6±10.2 years. The percentage of participants with comorbid medical conditions was 25.9%. The median number of inpatient admissions was 1 (range 0-30). The average health literacy score was 52.3±15.9 (range 16-80) the average health behavior score was 47.8±6.4 (range 18-62) and the average relapse prevention behavior score was 59.7±9.8 (range 17-75). The duration of illness more than 10 years and a preventive behavior score of 58 or below are significantly associated with an increased likelihood of inpatient treatment (AOR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.44-2.50, p = .00, AOR = 1.66, 95%CI = 1.27-2.19, p = .00, respectively).
Conclusion: Stable schizophrenia patients have fair levels of health literacy and health behaviors, which are lower than those of the general population. There is a significant association between the duration of illness and relapse prevention behaviors with inpatient treatment.
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