Predictive Factors of Acute Kidney Injury among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Keywords:
ischemic heart disease, percutaneous coronary intervention, acute kidney injuryAbstract
Background and Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ischemic heart disease. It may worsen clinical outcomes and increase mortality. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the development of AKI after PCI in this patient population.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on patients with ischemic heart disease who underwent PCI between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2022. Medical records of 272 patients were reviewed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data, and logistic regression analysis was employed to identify predictive factors for AKI.
Results: Among 272 patients, 88 (32.4%) developed AKI after PCI. The following factors were significantly associated with AKI: Age > 70 years (OR = 4.41, 95% CI: 1.58–12.26), Hemoglobin level < 13 mg/dL (OR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.59–6.65), Chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR = 5.58, 95% CI: 2.86–10.88), Use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) (OR = 7.84, 95% CI: 3.19–19.25). The prediction model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75–0.86), with a sensitivity of 77.3% and specificity of 71.0%. The scoring system effectively stratified patients into low-risk (<3 points) and high-risk (≥3 points) groups for AKI.
Conclusion: Elderly patients (>70 years), those with CKD, low hemoglobin levels (≤13 mg/dL), and those requiring IABP support are at higher risk of developing AKI after PCI. Close monitoring and risk-based management protocols should be developed to reduce AKI incidence in these high-risk patients
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