Dietary Supplementation Effect of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) Tubers on In Vitro Digestibility, Growth Performance and Feed Utilization in Greater Black Shark (Labeo chrysophekadion)
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the optimal supplementation level of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) tubers in diets on growth performance of greater black shark (Labeo chrysophekadion) and in vitro digestibilities of carbohydrate and protein from feed ingredients and the diets containing yacon tubers. Greater black shark (3.09 ± 0.61 g initial weight, 7.05 ± 0.60 cm length) was assigned into four treatments comprising three experimental treatments (2, 4 and 6% yacon tubers) and one control fish group (0% yacon tubers). Triplicate observations under completely randomized design treatment were performed and the fish were fed by isonitrogenous diets (36.70% protein) containing different supplementation levels of yacon tubers over 16 weeks. Across various types of feed ingredients tested using digestive enzymes from greater black shark, the highest carbohydrate digestibility (62.48 ± 15.89 µmol maltose/g feed/amylase activity, p<0.05) was observed in yacon tubers, while protein digestibility was the highest and similar (p>0.05) between fish meal (50.74 ± 2.47 µmol DL-alanine equivalent/g feed/trypsin activity) and yacon tubers (48.55 ± 1.74 µmol DL-alanine equivalent/g feed/trypsin activity), relative to other feed ingredients. In diets, carbohydrate digestibility was significantly increased when supplementing with 2% yacon tubers, followed by control diet (0%, p>0.05). Also, protein digestibility was significantly higher in this diet in comparison with the control group (p<0.05). For in vivo measurements, superior growth was observed in fish fed by diet containing 2% yacon tubers relative to control group (p<0.05), while feed conversion and protein efficiency ratios did not differ between these two groups (p>0.05). Results from the current study indicated the optimal supplementation level of yacon tubers (2%) in diet for greater black shark.
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