Phytochemical Screening of Bruguiera cylindrica Extracts and Pathogenic Antibacterial Activities
Keywords:
Bruguiera cylindrica, mangrove, antibacterial activity, phytochemical screeningAbstract
Bruguiera cylindrica is a mangrove plant in the Rhizophoraceae family which founded in tropical regions. The dried samples of bark, leaf, pod and twig of B. cylindrica were collected and were macerated with methanol. Crude extract of each parts was determined the phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity with the aquatic pathogenic bacteria, Streptococcus agalactiae SAAQ001, Aeromonas hydrophila AHAQ001, Vibrio harveyi VHAQ001 and V. parahemolyticus by hole-plate diffusion method. Most of the plant extracts showed a wide range of antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In addition, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were investigated. The results showed that the leaf and twig extracts of B. cylindrica had the lowest MIC/MBC to S. agalactiae. Phytochemical screening revealed that the B. cylindrica extracts contained a rich source of various phytochemical such as anthraquinone, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics and alkaloids. Terpenoid especially founded in leaf and twig supported antibacterial activity. The results presented here suggested that the presence of bioactive substances from B. cylindrica extracts was the factors responsible for bioactivity against the chosen bacterial pathogens. Also, B. cylindrica was a potential source of biologically active compounds that could be used to develop natural and bioactive pharmaceutical products against bacterial pathogens in aquatic animals.
References
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Vadlapudi, V. and Naidu, K.C. 2009. Evaluation of antioxidant potential of selected mangrove plants. Journal of Pharmacy Research 2: 1742-1745.
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Augusto, L.S., Josean, F.T., Marcelo, S., Margareth, F.M., Petronio, F.A. and Jose, M.B. 2011. Anti-inflammatory activity of alkaloids: an update from 2000 to 2010. Molecules 16(10): 8515-8534.
Agoramoorthy, G., Chen, F.A., Venkatesalu, V., Kuo, D.H. and Shea, P.C. 2008. Evaluation of antioxidant polyphenols from selected mangrove plants of India. Asian Journal of Chemistry 20(2): 1311-1322.
Ali, M.S., Ravikumar, S. and Beula, J.M. 2012. Spatial and temporal distribution of mosquito larvicidal compounds in mangroves. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 2(5): 401-404.
Ali, M.S., Ravikumar, S., Beula, J.M., Anuradha, V. and Yogananth, N. 2014. Insecticidal compounds from Rhizophoraceae mangrove plants for the management of dengue vector Aedes aegypti. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases 51(2): 106-114.
Benbott, A., Yahyia, A. and Belaïdi, A. 2012. Assessment of the antibacterial activity of crude alkaloids extracted from seeds and roots of the plant Peganum harmala L. Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resources 2(5): 568-573.
Bhatt, S. and Dhyani, S. 2012. Preliminary phytochemical screening of AILANTHUS EXCELSA ROXB. International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 4(1): 87-89.
Brantner, A., Pfeiffer, K. and Brantner, H. 1994. Applicability of diffusion methods required by the pharmacopoeias for testing antibacterial activity of natural compounds. Pharmazie 49(7): 512-516.
Chantrapromma, S., Fun, H.K., Razak, I.A., Laphookhieo, S. and Karalai, C. 2003. Absolute configuration of 3α-feruloyltaraxerol dichloromethane solvate. Acta Crystallographica, Section E 9(12): 1864-1866.
Chantrapromma, S., Salae, A.W., Fun, H.K. and Ponglimanont, C. 2007. Ent-Kaur-16-en-19-al. Acta Crystallographica, Section E: Structure Reports Online 63(11): So4329/1–So4329/9.
Dua, V.K., Gaurav, V., Bikram, S., Aswathy, R., Upma, B., Dau, D.A., Gupta, N.C., Sandeep, K. and Ayushi, R. 2013. Anti-malarial property of steroidal alkaloid conessine isolated from the bark of Holarrhena antidysenterica. Malaria Journal 12: 194.
Eloff, J.N. 1998. A Sensitive and quick microplate method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of plant extracts for bacteria. Planta Medica 64(8): 711-713.
Gao, M. and Xiao, H. 2012. Activity-guided isolation of antioxidant compounds from Rhizophora apiculata. Molecules 17(9): 10675-10682.
Hong, L.S., Ibrahim, D., Kassim, J. and Sulaiman, S. 2011. Gallic acid: An anticandidal compound in hydrolysable tannin extracted from the barks of Rhizophora apiculata Blume. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 01(06): 75-79.
Krishnamoorthy, M., Sasikumar, J.M., Shamna, R., Pandiarajan, C., Sofia, P. and Nagarajan, B. 2011. Antioxidant activities of bark extract from mangroves, Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) blume and Ceriops decandra Perr. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 43(5): 557-562.
Loo, A.Y., Jain, K. and Darah, I. 2007. Antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of thepyroligneous acid from a mangrove plant, Rhizophora apiculata. Food Chemistry 104(1): 300-307.
Loo, A.Y., Jain, K. and Darah, I. 2008. Antioxidant activity of compounds isolated from the pyroligneous acid, Rhizophora apiculata. Food Chemistry 107(3): 1151-1160.
Manilal, A., Sujith, S., Kiran, G.S., Selvin, J. and Shakir, C. 2009. Biopotentials of mangroves collected from the Southwest coast of India. Global Journal of Biotechnology & Biochemistry 4(1): 59-65.
Mouafi, F.E., Abdel-Aziz, S.M., Bashir, A.A. and Fyiad, A.A. 2014. Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of mangrove leaves (Avicenna marina and Rhizophora stylosa) against some pathogens. Journal World Applied Sciences 29(4): 547-554.
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). 2000. Method for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Growth Aerobically. Approved Standard, NCCLS, Wayne, PA.
Premanathan, M., Arakaki, R., Izumi, H., Kathiresan, K., Nakano, M., Yamamoto, N. and Nakashima, H. 1999. Antiviral properties of a mangrove plant, Rhizophora apiculata Blume, against human immunodeficiency virus. Antiviral Research 44(2): 113-122.
Rahim, A.A., Rocca, E., Steinmetz, J., Kassim, M.J., Ibrahim, M.S. and Osman, H. 2008. Antioxidant activities of mangrove Rhizophora apiculata bark extracts. Food Chemistry 107: 200-207.
Ravikumar, S. and Kathiresan, K. 1993. Influence of tannins, amino acids and sugar on fungi of marine halophytes. Mahasagar 26(1): 21-25.
Ravikumar, S., Syed Ali, M., Ramu, A. and Ferosekhan, M. 2011. Antibacterial activity of chosen mangrove plants against bacterial specified pathogens. World Applied Sciences Journal 14(8): 1198-1202.
Salae, A.W., Chantrapromma, S., Fun, H.K. and Ponglimanont, C. 2007. Ent-Kaur-16-ene-13, 19-diol. Acta Crystallographica, Section E: Structure Reports Online 63(4): 1899-1901.
Saad, S., Taher, M., Susanti, D., Qaralleh, H., Binti, N.A. and Rahim, A. 2011. Antimicrobial activity of mangrove plant (Lumnitzera littorea). Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 4(7): 523-525.
Santhi, K. and Sengottuve, R. 2016. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Moringa concanensis Nimmo. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science 5(1): 633-640.
Scalbert, A. 1991. Antimicrobial properties oftannins. Phytochemistry 30(12): 3875-3883.
Shamsuddin, A.A., Najiah, M., Suvik, A., Azariyah, M.N., Kamaruzzman, B.Y., Effendy, A.W. and John, B.A. 2013. Antibacterial properties of selected mangrove plants against Vibrio species and its cytotoxicity against Artemia salina. World Applied Science Journal 25(2): 333-340.
Shelar, P.S., Reddy, V.K.S., Shelar, G.S. and Reddy, G.V.S. 2012. Medicinal value of mangroves and its antimicrobial properties-A review. Continental Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Science 6(1): 26-37.
Singh, R., Singh, S.K. and Aroma, S. 2007. Evaluation of antioxidant potential of ethyl acetate extract/fractions of Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. Food Chemical Toxicology 45(7): 1216-1223.
Sritunyalucksana, K., Gangnonnigw, W., Archakunakorn, S., Fegan, D. and Flegel, T.W. 2005. Bacterial clearance rate and a new differential hemocyte staining method to assess immunostimulant activity in shrimp. Diseases of Aquatic Organism 63(1): 89-94.
Sulaiman, S., Ibrahim, D., Kassim, J. and Sheh-Hong, L. 2011. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of condensed tannin from Rhizophora apiculata barks. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research 3(4): 436-444.
Tukiran. 2013. Phytochemical analysis of some plants in Indonesia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare 3(4): 6-10.
Vadlapudi, V. and Naidu, K.C. 2009. Evaluation of antioxidant potential of selected mangrove plants. Journal of Pharmacy Research 2: 1742-1745.
Vasanthi, P., Ganapathy, M., Evanjelene, V.K., Ayyavuv, N. and Angamuthu, J. 2014. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of extracts of the leaf and bark of Albizzia lebbeck (Benth). Academic Journal of Medicinal plants 2(2): 026-031.
Vijayavel, K., Anbuselvam, C. and Balasubramanian, M.P. 2006. Free radical scavenging activity of the marine mangrove Rhizophora apiculata bark extract with reference tonaphthalene induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Chemico-Biological Interactions 163(1-2): 170-175.
Vittaya, L. and Chalad, C. 2016. Effect of solvent on phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of leaf and bark extracts from Rhizophora apiculata. RMUTSV Research Journal 8(1): 31-38.
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2020-07-15
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Vittaya, L., Charoendat, U., Janyong, S., & Leesakul , N. (2020). Phytochemical Screening of Bruguiera cylindrica Extracts and Pathogenic Antibacterial Activities. Recent Science and Technology, 12(2), Wait. Retrieved from https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/rmutsvrj/article/view/245397
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