Effect of Fungi on Physical and Nutrient of Compost from Oil Palm Frond (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
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Abstract
Microorganisms isolated from plant debris having properties to produce enzymes for plant degradation were applied in several agriculture. In this research, 2 fungal species of Trichoderma harzianum and Aspergillus niger which had previously been tested to efficiently yield cellulase and xylanase enzymes on the laboratory scale were used to produce the compost product. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of fungi on the physical and nutrient of compost from oil palm frond. The experimental design using completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replications and 5 treatments consisted of 1) T. harzianum 2) A. niger 3) T. harzianum with A. niger 4) microbial activators PD1 and 5) distilled water (control). Spore suspension of fungi adjusted to 1 × 108 spore/ml about 500 ml and combined with compost components was made up of oil palm frond : cow dung : urea at the ratio of 5 : 1 : 0.01 kilogram/bag. Then, they were left in the black plastic bag for 60 days. The results showed that use of T. harzianum mixed with A. niger gave the completed degradation and the best quality. The C/N ratio, pH, temperature and conductivity in compost were 14.44 : 1, 7.10, 27.53 oC and 3.91 dS/m, respectively while total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the compost were 2.15, 0.36 and 2.49 %, respectively. This compost being considered of good quality and standard and accredited by the Department of Agriculture should be promoted for further use.
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