Relationship between Morphology Characteristics of Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv) and Quinclorac Resistance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/thaidoa-agres.2022.5Keywords:
barnyardgrass, fitness cost, herbicide resistant weeds, quincloracAbstract
Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv) is a problematic weed in rice field. Quinclorac herbicide has been used by Thai farmers for controlling barnyardgrass for more than20years. However, inthepast4-5years, farmers have reported the problem of controlling barnyardgrass by using quinclorac. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between morphological traits of barnyardgrass and quinclorac resistance. The study was conducted from 2017 to 2019 by first collecting 15 barnyardgrass populations from rice fields in 10 provincesofThailandin2017.They were then grown in the greenhouse of Weed Science and Research Groupandtheir morphologica lcharacteristics were recorded. Quinclorac wasappliedat the recommended rate on all populations to evaluate herbicide resistance. Cluster analysis was performed using qualitative and quantitative morphological traits of barnyardgrass. Results revealed that 8 barnyardgrass populations were resistant to Quinclorac while the remaining 7 were susceptible. All resistant populations had historical records of being exposed to quinclorac application. Quinclorac resistant populations had lower number of seeds per panicle compared to susceptible populations (p < 0.05). At least 87.5% of resistant populations had 1.4-2.6 cm awn length, 113-124 cm plant height, green basal stem, green leaf margin, and awn color in green or reddish green. Susceptible populations (³ 85.7%) had 6.3-13.8 cm awn length, 131-157 cm plant height and red basal stem, red leaf margin, and red awn. Cluster analysis using morphological traits confirmed the groupings of susceptible and resistant populations. This study demonstrates that morphological characteristics can be helpful in identifying quinclorac resistant populations of barnyardgrass in the field for controlling in timely manner.
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