Dolichocybid Mite, Formicomotes heteromorphus Magowski on Mushrooms and Their Control
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/thaidoa-agres.2009.1Keywords:
dolichocybid mite, mushroom, controlAbstract
Studies on the control of dolichocybid Formicomotes heteromorphus with 8 trials, namely yield loss (1), host range (2), effect of some acaricides on F. heteromorphus in fields (3), control of F. heteromorphus as pre-pregnant (4) and pregnant (5) by phosphine fumigant, impact of phosphine fumigant to mycelial (6), timing of acaricide spraying on the bottles and the polyethylene bags contained with spawn (7) and seasonal fluctuation of F. heteromophus (8), The trials were carried out under the laboratory condition at 27±2C and 65 ±3 % RH and the mushroom farm at Ban Phaeo district, Samut Sakhon province and Chom Bueng district, Ratchaburi province during October 2001 to September 2007. The results indicated that the sporophore should have been harvested only in the first week of fructification if the sawdust spawn was infested by 200 mites during the mycelial growth. The mushroom production of the infested spawn had been significantly less than that of the noninfested spawn. Host preferences of F. heteromorphus was also tested on 11 kinds of mushrooms and was found that the mite had damage 4 kinds of mushrooms namely Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus cystidiosus, Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus sp. Hungary strain, It could not damage 7 kinds of mush-rooms: Lentinus squarrosulus, Auricularia polytricha, Pleurotus sajor-caju, Schizophyllum commune, Lentinus polychrous, Ganoderma lucidum and Lentinula edodes. Effcacy of some acaricides to control. F. heteromorphus was tested in the field trials and revealed that amitraz, pyridaben and bromopropylata at the rate of 40 ml, 15 g and 40 ml/ 20 I of water respectively suppressed the mite population with high efficacy. Control of the pre-pregnant and pregnant of mushroom mite pests, Formicomotes heteromorphus on full grown mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus, P. cystidiosus, Flammulina velutipes and Pleurotus sp. Hungary strain in the bottles. It was revealed that 1 tablet of phosphine fumigant for 24, 48 and 72 hours and 2 tablets, of phosphine fumigant for 24 hours in a 0.5 cubic meter without any mycelium phytotoxicity observed. Spraying amitraz, pyridaben and tebufenpyrad at the rate of 40 ml, 15 g and 75 ml/20 l of water respectively at 7 or 10 or 14 day intervals to the cotton pads of the sorghum grain mother spawn in the bottles and to the cotton pads of the mycelium running stage in the bags, were discovered satis- factory to prevent the bottles and the poly-ethylene bags from being contaminated by the mites. For the seasonal fluctuation of F. heteromorphus during October, 2006 to September, 2008 from mushroom farm at Chom Bueng district, Ratchaburi province, it was indicated that the population of this mite occurred during April to December. The average number
of population was 7.28-369.46 units / cm2 of polyethylene bag.
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