Polychaetes of the Coral Triangle: Told and Untold Richness
Keywords:
Coral Triangle, Ecoregions, Philippines, Polychaetes, species diversityAbstract
This paper comprehensively reviews polychaete species in the Coral Triangle (CT), documenting 750 species across 60 families. The Philippines stands out for the highest species diversity, reflecting more extensive exploration than in other ecoregions. Limited publications in specific regions result from heightened sampling needs and taxonomic expertise. Nereididae and Syllidae, each constituting 11% of the total, are prominent polychaete families, alongside others like Polynoidae, Terebellidae, Eunicidae, Spionidae, and Sigalionidae. The genus Syllis is the most speciose, contributing 4% to the overall tally. Since 1750, polychaete species and publication numbers in the CT show an upward trend, reaching its peak from 2000 to the present. Increased marine biodiversity awareness, using SCUBA diving and ROVs, and advanced technology for species identification have significantly contributed to the continuous increase in recorded species. Despite these advancements, polychaetes in the CT remain relatively understudied compared to other taxa, underscoring the need for additional focused research on polychaetes within the region.
References
Al-Asif, A., Kamal, A.H.M., Hamli, H., Idris, M.H., Gerusu, G.J., Ismail, J. and Mishra, M. 2022. Status, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services of Seagrass Habitats Within the Coral Triangle in the Western Pacific Ocean. Ocean Science Journal, 57: 1-27.
Alvarez-Aguilar, A., Van Rensburg, H. and Simon, C.A. 2022. Impacts of alien polychaete species in marine ecosystems: a systematic review. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 1-24.
Appeltans, W., Ahyong, S.T., Anderson, G., Angel, M.V., Artois, T., Bailly, N., Bamber, R., Williams, G.C., Wilson, S.P. and Costello, M.J. 2012. The magnitude of global marine species diversity. Current Biology, 22(23): 2189-2022.
Arfianti, T., Wilson, S. and Costello, M.J. 2018. Progress in the discovery of amphipod crustaceans. PeerJ, 6: e5187.
Asaad, I., Lundquist, C.J., Erdmann, M.V., Van Hooidonk, R. and Costello, M.J. 2018. Designating spatial priorities for marine biodiversity conservation in the Coral Triangle. Frontiers in Marine Science, 5: 400.
Bailey-Brock, J.H. 2003. Coral reef polychaetes of Guam and Saipan, Mariana Islands. Micronesica, 35(36): 200-217.
Bédry, R., De Haro, L., Bentur, Y., Senechal, N. and Galil, B.S. 2021. Toxicological risks on the human health of populations living around the Mediterranean Sea linked to the invasion of non-indigenous marine species from the Red Sea: A review. Toxicon, 191: 69-82.
Burgin, C.J., Colella, J.P., Kahn, P.L. and Upham, N.S. 2018. How many species of mammals are there?. Journal of Mammalogy, 99(1): 1-14.
Cerca, J., Purschke, G. and Struck, T.H. 2018. Marine connectivity dynamics: clarifying cosmopolitan distributions of marine interstitial invertebrates and the meiofauna paradox. Marine Biology, 165:1-21.
Çinar, M.E. 2012. Alien polychaete species worldwide: current status and their impacts. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 93(5): 1-22.
Clifton, J. 2009. Science, funding and participation: key issues for marine protected area networks and the Coral Triangle Initiative. Environmental Conservation, 36(2): 91-96.
Costello, M.J. 2016. Parasite rates of discovery, global species richness and host specificity. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 56(4): 588-599.
Costello, M.J. and Wilson, S.P. 2011. Predicting the number of known and unknown species in European seas using rates of description. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 202: 319-30.
Costello, M.J., May, R.M. and Stork, N.E. 2013. Can we name Earth's species before they go extinct?. Science, 339(6118): 413-62.
Costello, M.J., Wilson, S. and Houlding, B. 2012. Predicting total global species richness using rates of species description and estimates of taxonomic effort. Systematic Biology, 61(5): 871.
Dean, H.K. 2012. literature review of the Polychaeta of the Caribbean Sea. Zootaxa, 3596(1), 1-86.
Dean, H.K., Sibaja-Cordero, J.A. and Cortés, J. 2012. Polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) of Cocos Island National Park, Pacific Costa Rica. Pacific Science, 66(3): 347-386.
Eschmeyer, W.N., Fricke, R., Fong, J.D. and Polack, D.A. 2010. Marine fish diversity: history of knowledge and discovery (Pisces). Zootaxa, 2525(1): 19-50.
Fauchald, K. and Rouse, G. 1997. Polychaete systematics: past and present. Zoologica Scripta, 26(2): 71–138.
Giangrande, A., Gambi, M.C., and Gravina, M.F. 2020. Polychaetes as habitat former: structure and function. Perspectives on the Marine Animal Forests of the World, 219-237.
Glasby, C.J. and Timm, T. 2008. Global diversity of polychaetes (Polychaeta; Annelida) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia, 5951: 107-15.
Glaw, F. and Kohler, J. 1998. Amphibian species diversity exceeds that of mammals. Herpetological Review, 29(1): 11-12.
Gollasch, S., MacDonald, E., Belson, S., Botnen, H., Christensen, J.T., Hamer, J.P. and Wittling, T. 2002. Life in ballast tanks. Invasive aquatic species of Europe. Distribution, impacts and management, 217-231.
Gollasch, S., Minchin, D. and David, M. 2015. The transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens with ballast water and their impacts. Global Maritime Transport and Ballast Water Management: Issues and Solutions, 35-58.
Green, S.J., White, A.T., Christie, P., Kilarski, S., Meneses, A.B.T., Samonte-Tan, G. and Claussen, J.D. 2011. Emerging marine protected area networks in the coral Triangle: Lessons and way forward. Conservation and Society, 9(3): 173-188.
Hartman, O. 1959. Catalogue of the polychaetous annelids of the world. Part I. Allan Hancock Foundation Publications. Occasional Paper, 23: 1-353.
Hughes, K.A., Pescott, O.L., Peyton, J., Adriaens, T., Cottier‐Cook, E.J., Key, G. and Roy, H.E. 2020. Invasive non‐native species likely to threaten biodiversity and ecosystems in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Global change biology, 26(4): 2702-2716.
Jetz, W., Thomas, G.H., Joy, J.B., Hartmann, K. and Mooers, A.O. 2012. The global diversity of birds in space and time. Nature, 491(7424): 444-448.
Jönsson, B.F. and Watson, J.R. 2016. The timescales of global surface-ocean connectivity. Nature communications, 7(1): 11239.
Kükenthal, W. 2019. Annelida Basal Groups and Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria I. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG. Berlin.
Martins, R., Magalhães, L., Peter, A., San Martín, G., Rodrigues, A.M. and Quintino, V. 2013. Diversity, distribution and ecology of the family Syllidae (Annelida) in the Portuguese coast (Western Iberian Peninsula). Helgoland Marine Research, 67(4): 775-788.
Miloslavich, P., Díaz, J.M., Klein, E., Alvarado, J.J., Díaz, C., Gobin, J. and Ortiz, M. 2010. Marine biodiversity in the Caribbean: regional estimates and distribution patterns. PloS one, 5(8): e11916.
Pamungkas, J., Glasby, C.J., Read, G.B., Wilson, S.P. and Costello, M.J. 2019. Progress and perspectives in the discovery of polychaete worms (Annelida) of the world. Helgoland Marine Research, 73(1): 1-10.
Paxton, H. and Chou, L.M. 2001. Polychaetous annelids from the South China Sea. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 48: 209-232.
Pincheira-Donoso, D., Bauer, A.M., Meiri, S. and Uetz, P. 2013. Global taxonomic diversity of living reptiles. PloS one, 8(3): e59741.
Pombo, A., Baptista, T., Granada, L., Ferreira, S.M., Gonçalves, S.C., Anjos, C. and Costa, J.L. 2020. Insight into aquaculture's potential of marine annelid worms and ecological concerns: a review. Reviews in Aquaculture, 12(1): 107-121.
Read, G. and Fauchald, K. 2023. World Polychaeta Database. Available at: https://www.marinespecies.org/polychaeta/ (Accessed 05 January 2023).
Rouse, G. and Pleijel, F. 2001. Polychaetes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Saeedi, H., Dennis, T.E. and Costello, M.J. 2017. Bimodal latitudinal species richness and high endemicity of razor clams (Mollusca). Journal of Biogeography, 44(3): 592-604.
Treml, E.A., Halpin, P.N., Urban, D.L. and Pratson, L.F. 2008. Modeling population connectivity by ocean currents, a graph-theoretic approach for marine conservation. Landscape Ecology, 23: 19-36.
Veron, J. 2000. Corals of the world. Australian Institute of Marine Science: Townsville.
Veron, J., DeVantier, L.M., Turak, E., Green, A.L., Kininmonth, S., Stafford-Smith, M. and Peterson, N. 2011. The coral Triangle. In Coral reefs: an ecosystem in transition. Springer: Dordrecht.
Wang, P., Yao, H., Gilbert, K.J., Lu, Q., Hao, Y., Zhang, Z. and Wang, N. 2018. Glaciation-based isolation contributed to speciation in a Palearctic alpine biodiversity hotspot: evidence from endemic species. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 129: 315-324.
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Chulalongkorn University. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher
