TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES OF Vitex trifolia L. EXTRACTS
Keywords:
Vitex trifolia, Lamiaceae, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activityAbstract
Vitex trifolia (family Lamiaceae) known in Thai as Kontee-sor, is a tropical shrub widespread in many areas, especially in northern Thailand such as Chiang Mai. The plant is used commonly in traditional Thai medicine for the treatment of fever, headache, dizziness, cough, high blood pressure, and pain. Total phenolic content, antioxidant, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of extracts from various parts (flowers, twigs, leaves, and fruits) of V. trifolia extracted by some solvents (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) were determined. Among the extracts used, ethyl acetate extract obtained from the leaves showed the highest phenolic content of 297.26 ± 0.79 mg GAE/g dry extract weight and antioxidant activity against DPPH with IC50 11.16 ± 0.21 µg/mL and 86.12 ± 0.37% DPPH inhibition at 0.1 mg/mL. The properties of extracting solvents affected the measured total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Their coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9155) between total phenolic content and 1/IC50 suggested that the phenolic compound contributed to the antioxidant activity. Methanol extract of fruits was screened for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity by Ellman’s microplate colorimetric method and showed IC50 values of 30.79 ± 0.11 µg/mL and 59.28 ± 1.48% AChE inhibition at 0.1 mg/mL. Considering this potent AChE inhibition, the extracts could be investigated as new AChE inhibitors with low toxicity as natural drugs.
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