Protective Effects of Extraction and Bioaccessible Fraction of Gac Fruit against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial (ARPE-19) Cells
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Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a condition characterized by deterioration in the macula of the retina due to abnormalities, leading to impaired vision and potential blindness. Oxidative stress of retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells is the major cause of AMD. Gac fruit contains many phytochemicals that have antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate gac fruit extraction and bioaccessible fraction on human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells induced oxidative damage. ARPE-19 cells were treated with extraction or bioaccessible fraction of gac fruit for 24 h, and oxidative damage was induced with hydrogen peroxide. The results indicated that both the extraction and the bioaccessible fraction of gac fruit could protect ARPE-19 cells from induced oxidative damage by significantly reducing the level of intracellular ROS (p < 0.05). These results indicated that extracting gac fruit could protect retinal cells from oxidative damage induction, which causes macular degeneration. Similarly, digested gac fruit also demonstrated protective effects on retinal cells. However, this study is only an in vitro study. Further research on the effectiveness of gac fruit in animal models and human subjects is necessary to confirm its potential protective benefits against AMD.
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