Control of Aflatoxins in Agricultural Products using Plant Extracts
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Published:
Mar 30, 2018
Keywords:
Aflatoxin, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, herb, essential oil
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Abstract
Aflatoxins, a worldwide health hazard to humans and animals, are among the most potent mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds known to be produced in nature. Various methods have been investigated for the control of aflatoxin producing fungi and aflatoxin production in agricultural products. This article reviews the application of herbal extract and essential oils for controlling the growth of aflatoxin producing fungi and aflatoxin production.
Keywords: Aflatoxin, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, herb, essential oil
*Corresponding author: Tel: 662-3298415 Fax: 662-3298412
Email: ktdusane@kmitl.ac.th
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References
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[15] Krishnamurthy, Y. L. and Shashikala, J. 2006. Inhibition of aflatoxin B1 production of Aspergillus flavus isolated from soybean seeds by certain natural plants products. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 43, 469-474.
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[25] Reddy, K. R. N., Nurdijati, S. B. and Salleh, B. 2010. An overview of plant- derived products on control of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 9, 126-133.
[26] Thanaboripat, D., Prugcharoen, P. and Ruangrattanametee, V. 2005. Inhibitory effect of some medicinal plant extracts on the growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus flavus. In Q.Yang and Z.,Yu, eds. 2005. Study on Plant Pest and Disease Biological Control and Bio-technology, Harbin: Heilongjiang Science and Technology Press, pp.52-62.
[27] Saralamp, P., Chuakul, W., Temsiririrkkul, R. and Clayton, T. 1996. Medicinal Plants in Thailand. Vol. 1. Bangkok: Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University.
[28] Thanaboripat, D., Chareonsettasilp, S., Pandee, K. and Udomwongsup, K. 2006. Inhibitory effect of kaffir lime, bitter cucumber and tobacco extracts on the growth of Aspergillus flavus. KMITL Science and Technology Journal, 6(1), 18-24.
[29] Noengpa, K., Prayoonrat, P. and Chingduang, S. 2006. Efficiency of certain medicinal plants to inhibit Colletrotrichum gloeosporiodes and Fusarium sp. [Online] Available at: https://plantpro.doea.go.th/
[30] Nanasombat, S. and lohasupthawee, P. 2005. Antibacterial activity of crude ethanolic extracts and essential oils of spices against Salmonellae and other Enterobacteria. KMITL Science and Technology Journal, 5(3), 527-538.
[31] Lawrence, B. M., Hogg, J. W., Terhune, S. J. and Podimuang, V. 1971. Constituents of the leaf and peel oils of Citrus hystrix D.C. Phytochemistry, 10, 1404-1405.
[32] Reddy, K. R. N., Reddy, C. S. and Muralidharan, K. 2009. Potential of botanicals and biocontrol agents on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus infecting rice grains. Food Control, 20, 173-178.
[33] Pundir, R. K. and Jain, P. 2010. Antifungal activity of twenty two ethanolic plant extractsagainst food-associated fungi. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 3, 506-510.
[34] Bankole, S. A. and Joda, A. O. 2004. Effect of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf) powder and essential oil on mould deterioration and aflatoxin contamination of melon seeds (Colocynthis citrullus L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, 3(1), 52-59.
[35] Paster, N., Juven, B. J. and Harshemesh, H. 1988. Antimicrobial activity and inhibition of aflatoxin B1 formation by olive plant tissue constituents. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 64, 293-297.
[36] Ryu, D. and Holt, D. L. 1993. Growth inhibition of Penicillium expansum by several commonly used food ingredients. Journal of Food Protection, 56, 862-867.
[37] Bhatnagar, D. and McCormick, S. P.1988. The inhibitory effect of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extracts on aflatoxin synthesis in Aspergillus parasiticus. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 65,1166-1168.
[38] Bhatnagar, D., Zeringue, H. and McCormick, S. P. 1990. Neem leaf extracts inhibit aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. In US. Department of Agriculture, 1990. Proceedings of the USDA Workshop. Beltsville, Maryland.
[39] Zeringue, H. J. and Bhatnagar, D. 1994. Effects of neem leaf volatiles on submerged cultures of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus parasiticus. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60(10), 3543-3547.
[40] Choudary, P. L. 2002. Effects of antimicrobials from neem leaf extract on aflatoxigenic molds. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 32, 266.
[41] Bilgrami, K. S., Misra, R. S. Sinha, K. K. and Singh, A. 1980. Effect of some wild and medicinal plant extracts on aflatoxin production and growth of Aspergillus flavus in liquid culture. Journal of Indian Botany Society, 59, 123-126.
[42] Mahmoud, A.-L. E. 1999. Inhibition of growth and aflatoxin biosynthesis of Aspergillus flavus by extracts of some Egyptian plants. Letter in Applied Microbiology,29, 334-336.
[43] Masood, A. and Ranjan, K. S. 1991. The effect of aqueous plant extracts on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus. Letter in Applied Microbiology, 13: 32- 34.
[44] El-Shayeb, N. M. A. and Mabrouk, S. S. 1984. Utilisation of some edible and medicinalplants to inhibit aflatoxin formation. Nutrition Reports International, 29(2), 273-281.
[45] Canonica, L., Giovani, R. and Attilio, B. 1966. Triterpenes of Glycyrrhiza glaba. I. Two new lactones with an oleanone structure. Gazzatta Chimina Italiana, 96, 772.
[46] Alderman, G. G. and Marth, E. H. 1976. Inhibition of growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus parasiticus by citrus oils. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und – Forschung, 160, 353.
[47] Mabrouk, S. S. and El-Shayeb, N. M. A. 1982. Isolation of inhibitors of Aspergillus flavus from lentils (Lens culinris Medicus). In Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins, Vienna, Austria 1-3 September 1982.
[48] Thanaboripat, D., Suvathi, Y., Srilohasin, P., Sripakdee, S., Patthanawanitchai, O. andChareonsettasilp, S. 2007. Inhibitory effect of essential oils on the growth of Aspergillus flavus. KMITL Science and Technology Journal, 6(1), 18-24.
[49] Brophy, J. J., Thubthimthed, S., Kitirattrakarn, T. and Anantachoke, C. 2002. Volatile leaf oil of Melaleuca cajuputi. In Proceedings of the Forestry Conference, pp. 304-313.
[50] Ozcan, M. 2005. Effect of spice hydrosols on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 strain. Journal of Medical Food, 8(2), 275-278.
[51] Sinha, K. K., Sinha, A. K. and Prasad, G. 1993. The effect of clove and cinnamon oils ongrowth of and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 16, 114-117.
[52] Bullerman, L. B., Lieu, F. Y. and Seier, S. S. 1977. Inhibition of growth and aflatoxin production by cinnamon and clove oils, cinnamic aldehyde and eugenol. Journal of Food Science, 42(4), 1107-1110.
[53] Montes-Belmont, R. and Carvajal, M. 1998. Control of Aspergillus flavus in maize with plant essential oils and their components. Journal of Food Protection, 61, 616-619.
[54] Conner, D. E. 1993. Naturally occurring compounds. In P. M. Davidson and A. L. Branen, eds, 1993. Antimicrobials in Foods. New York:Marcel Dekker Inc., pp. 441-468.
[55] Snyder, O. P. 1997. Antimicrobial Effects of Spices and Herbs. [Online] Available at: https://www.hi-tm.com/Documents/Spices.html
[56] Charles, D. J. and Simon, J. E. 1990. Comparison of extraction methods for the rapid determination of essential oil content and composition of Basil. Journal of American Horticultural Science, 115, 458-462
[57] Paakkonen, K., Malmsten, T. and Hyvonen, L. 1990. Drying, packaging and storage effects on quality of Basil, Marjoram and Wild Marjoram. Journal of Food Science, 55, 1373-1382.
[58] Farag, R.S., Daw, Z.Y., Abo-Raya, S.H. 1989. Influence of some spice essential oils on Aspergillus parasiticus growth and production of aflatoxins in a synthetic medium. Journal of Food Science, 54, 74-76.
[59] Ansari, A. A. and Shrivastava, A. K. 1991. The effect of eucalyptus oil on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 13(2), 75-77.
[60] Farag, R. S., Daw, Z. Y., Hewedi, F. M. and El-Baroty, G. S. A. 1989. Antimicrobial activity of some Egyptian spice essential oils. Journal of Food Protection, 52, 665-667.
[2] Dvorackova, I. 1990. Aflatoxins and Human Health. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
[3] Goto, T., Wicklow, D. T. and Ito, Y. 1996. Aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid production by a Sclerotium producing Aspergillus tamarii strain. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62(11), 4036-4038.
[4] Peterson, S. W., Ito, Y., Horn, B. W. and Goto, T. 2001. Aspergillus bombycis, a new aflatoxigenic species and genetic variation in its sibling species, A. nomius. Mycologia, 93(4), 689-703.
[5] Pitt, J. I. 1993. Corrections to species names in physiological studies on Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Journal of Food Protection, 56, 265-269.
[6] Robertson, A. 2005. Risk of aflatoxin contamination increases with hot and dry growing conditions. [Online] Available at: https://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/icm/node/ 182/print
[7] Smith, J. E. and Moss, M. O. 1985. Mycotoxins. Formation, Analysis and Significance. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
[8] Aja-Nwachukwu, J. and Emejuaiwe, S. O. 2006. Aflatoxin-producing fungi associated with Nigerian maize. Environmental Toxicology and Water Quality, 9(1), 17-23.
[9] Charoenpornsook, K. and Kavisarasai, P. 2006. Mycotoxins in animal feedstuffs in Thailand. KMITL Science and Technology Journal, 6(1), 25-28.
[10] Smith, J. E. 2004. Biotechnology. 4th ed. Cambridge: University Press.
[11] Thanaboripat, D. 2002. Importance of aflatoxin. KMITL Science Journal, 2(1), 38-45.
[12] Moreno-Martinez, E., Vazquez-Badillo, M. and Facio-Parra, F. 2000. Use of propionic acid salts to inhibit aflatoxin production in stored grains of maize. Agrociencia, 34(4), 477-484.
[13] Yin, M.-C. and Cheng, W.-S. 1998. Inhibition of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus by some herbs and spices. Journal of Food Protection, 61(1), 123-125.
[14] Wilson, C. L. and Wisniewski, M. E. 1992. Further alternatives to synthetic fungicides for control of postharvest diseases. In E. T. Tjamos, ed. 1992. Biological Control of Plant Diseases. New York: Plenum Press, pp.133-138.
[15] Krishnamurthy, Y. L. and Shashikala, J. 2006. Inhibition of aflatoxin B1 production of Aspergillus flavus isolated from soybean seeds by certain natural plants products. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 43, 469-474.
[16] Masood, A., Dogra, J. V. V. and Jha, A. K. 1994. The influence of colouring and pungent agents of red chilli (Capsicum annum) on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus. Letter in Applied Microbiology, 18, 184-186.
[17] Prasad, G., Sahay, S. S. and Masood, A. 1994. Inhibition in aflatoxin biosynthesis by the extract of Amorphophallus campanulatus (OL) and calcium oxalate. Letter of Applied Microbiology, 18, 203-205.
[18] Thanaboripat, D. 2003. Mycotoxins: occurrences and control in foods. In International Union of Food Science and Technology, ed., 2003. The International Review of Food Science and Technology. U.K.: IUFoST, pp. 130-133.
[19] Thanaboripat, D., Naranong, N. and Peerapakorn, N. 1989. Effect of some herbs on growth of Aspergillus flavus and Aflatoxin Production. Srinakarinwirot Journal of Science, 5, 33-39.
[20] Thanaboripat, D., Nontabenjawan, K., Leesin, K., Teerapiannont, D., Sukcharoen, O. and Ruangrattanametee, V. 1997. Inhibitory effect of garlic, clove and carrot on growth of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production. Journal of Forestry Research, 8, 39-42.
[21] Thanaboripat, D., Cheunoy, W., Petcharat, U., Ruangrattametee, V. and Kraisintu, K. 2000. Control of aflatoxigenic fungi by Thai neem. Government Pharmaceutical Organization Journal, 21, 41-49.
[22] Thanaboripat, D., Mongkontanawut, N., Suvathi, Y. and Ruangrattametee, V. 2004. Inhibition of aflatoxin production and growth of Aspergillus flavus by citronella oil. KMITL Science Journal, 4(1), 1-8.
[23] Mahmoud, A.-L. E. 1994. Antifungal action and antiaflatoxigenic properties of some essential oil constituents. Letter in Applied Microbiology, 19, 110-113.
[24] Razzaghi-Abyaneh, M., Shams-Ghahfarokhi, M., Yoshinari, T., Rezaee, M.-B., Jaimand, K., Nagasawa, H. and Sakuda, S. 2008. Inhibitory effects of Satureja hortensis L. essential oil on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 123, 228-233.
[25] Reddy, K. R. N., Nurdijati, S. B. and Salleh, B. 2010. An overview of plant- derived products on control of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 9, 126-133.
[26] Thanaboripat, D., Prugcharoen, P. and Ruangrattanametee, V. 2005. Inhibitory effect of some medicinal plant extracts on the growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus flavus. In Q.Yang and Z.,Yu, eds. 2005. Study on Plant Pest and Disease Biological Control and Bio-technology, Harbin: Heilongjiang Science and Technology Press, pp.52-62.
[27] Saralamp, P., Chuakul, W., Temsiririrkkul, R. and Clayton, T. 1996. Medicinal Plants in Thailand. Vol. 1. Bangkok: Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University.
[28] Thanaboripat, D., Chareonsettasilp, S., Pandee, K. and Udomwongsup, K. 2006. Inhibitory effect of kaffir lime, bitter cucumber and tobacco extracts on the growth of Aspergillus flavus. KMITL Science and Technology Journal, 6(1), 18-24.
[29] Noengpa, K., Prayoonrat, P. and Chingduang, S. 2006. Efficiency of certain medicinal plants to inhibit Colletrotrichum gloeosporiodes and Fusarium sp. [Online] Available at: https://plantpro.doea.go.th/
[30] Nanasombat, S. and lohasupthawee, P. 2005. Antibacterial activity of crude ethanolic extracts and essential oils of spices against Salmonellae and other Enterobacteria. KMITL Science and Technology Journal, 5(3), 527-538.
[31] Lawrence, B. M., Hogg, J. W., Terhune, S. J. and Podimuang, V. 1971. Constituents of the leaf and peel oils of Citrus hystrix D.C. Phytochemistry, 10, 1404-1405.
[32] Reddy, K. R. N., Reddy, C. S. and Muralidharan, K. 2009. Potential of botanicals and biocontrol agents on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus infecting rice grains. Food Control, 20, 173-178.
[33] Pundir, R. K. and Jain, P. 2010. Antifungal activity of twenty two ethanolic plant extractsagainst food-associated fungi. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 3, 506-510.
[34] Bankole, S. A. and Joda, A. O. 2004. Effect of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf) powder and essential oil on mould deterioration and aflatoxin contamination of melon seeds (Colocynthis citrullus L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, 3(1), 52-59.
[35] Paster, N., Juven, B. J. and Harshemesh, H. 1988. Antimicrobial activity and inhibition of aflatoxin B1 formation by olive plant tissue constituents. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 64, 293-297.
[36] Ryu, D. and Holt, D. L. 1993. Growth inhibition of Penicillium expansum by several commonly used food ingredients. Journal of Food Protection, 56, 862-867.
[37] Bhatnagar, D. and McCormick, S. P.1988. The inhibitory effect of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extracts on aflatoxin synthesis in Aspergillus parasiticus. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 65,1166-1168.
[38] Bhatnagar, D., Zeringue, H. and McCormick, S. P. 1990. Neem leaf extracts inhibit aflatoxin biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. In US. Department of Agriculture, 1990. Proceedings of the USDA Workshop. Beltsville, Maryland.
[39] Zeringue, H. J. and Bhatnagar, D. 1994. Effects of neem leaf volatiles on submerged cultures of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus parasiticus. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60(10), 3543-3547.
[40] Choudary, P. L. 2002. Effects of antimicrobials from neem leaf extract on aflatoxigenic molds. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 32, 266.
[41] Bilgrami, K. S., Misra, R. S. Sinha, K. K. and Singh, A. 1980. Effect of some wild and medicinal plant extracts on aflatoxin production and growth of Aspergillus flavus in liquid culture. Journal of Indian Botany Society, 59, 123-126.
[42] Mahmoud, A.-L. E. 1999. Inhibition of growth and aflatoxin biosynthesis of Aspergillus flavus by extracts of some Egyptian plants. Letter in Applied Microbiology,29, 334-336.
[43] Masood, A. and Ranjan, K. S. 1991. The effect of aqueous plant extracts on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus. Letter in Applied Microbiology, 13: 32- 34.
[44] El-Shayeb, N. M. A. and Mabrouk, S. S. 1984. Utilisation of some edible and medicinalplants to inhibit aflatoxin formation. Nutrition Reports International, 29(2), 273-281.
[45] Canonica, L., Giovani, R. and Attilio, B. 1966. Triterpenes of Glycyrrhiza glaba. I. Two new lactones with an oleanone structure. Gazzatta Chimina Italiana, 96, 772.
[46] Alderman, G. G. and Marth, E. H. 1976. Inhibition of growth and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus parasiticus by citrus oils. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und – Forschung, 160, 353.
[47] Mabrouk, S. S. and El-Shayeb, N. M. A. 1982. Isolation of inhibitors of Aspergillus flavus from lentils (Lens culinris Medicus). In Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins, Vienna, Austria 1-3 September 1982.
[48] Thanaboripat, D., Suvathi, Y., Srilohasin, P., Sripakdee, S., Patthanawanitchai, O. andChareonsettasilp, S. 2007. Inhibitory effect of essential oils on the growth of Aspergillus flavus. KMITL Science and Technology Journal, 6(1), 18-24.
[49] Brophy, J. J., Thubthimthed, S., Kitirattrakarn, T. and Anantachoke, C. 2002. Volatile leaf oil of Melaleuca cajuputi. In Proceedings of the Forestry Conference, pp. 304-313.
[50] Ozcan, M. 2005. Effect of spice hydrosols on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 strain. Journal of Medical Food, 8(2), 275-278.
[51] Sinha, K. K., Sinha, A. K. and Prasad, G. 1993. The effect of clove and cinnamon oils ongrowth of and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 16, 114-117.
[52] Bullerman, L. B., Lieu, F. Y. and Seier, S. S. 1977. Inhibition of growth and aflatoxin production by cinnamon and clove oils, cinnamic aldehyde and eugenol. Journal of Food Science, 42(4), 1107-1110.
[53] Montes-Belmont, R. and Carvajal, M. 1998. Control of Aspergillus flavus in maize with plant essential oils and their components. Journal of Food Protection, 61, 616-619.
[54] Conner, D. E. 1993. Naturally occurring compounds. In P. M. Davidson and A. L. Branen, eds, 1993. Antimicrobials in Foods. New York:Marcel Dekker Inc., pp. 441-468.
[55] Snyder, O. P. 1997. Antimicrobial Effects of Spices and Herbs. [Online] Available at: https://www.hi-tm.com/Documents/Spices.html
[56] Charles, D. J. and Simon, J. E. 1990. Comparison of extraction methods for the rapid determination of essential oil content and composition of Basil. Journal of American Horticultural Science, 115, 458-462
[57] Paakkonen, K., Malmsten, T. and Hyvonen, L. 1990. Drying, packaging and storage effects on quality of Basil, Marjoram and Wild Marjoram. Journal of Food Science, 55, 1373-1382.
[58] Farag, R.S., Daw, Z.Y., Abo-Raya, S.H. 1989. Influence of some spice essential oils on Aspergillus parasiticus growth and production of aflatoxins in a synthetic medium. Journal of Food Science, 54, 74-76.
[59] Ansari, A. A. and Shrivastava, A. K. 1991. The effect of eucalyptus oil on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 13(2), 75-77.
[60] Farag, R. S., Daw, Z. Y., Hewedi, F. M. and El-Baroty, G. S. A. 1989. Antimicrobial activity of some Egyptian spice essential oils. Journal of Food Protection, 52, 665-667.