Oily Sludge Biodegradation by Bacterial Isolates from Khurais Oil Field in Saudi Arabia

Main Article Content

Fahad A Al-Dhabaan*

Abstract

This investigation was carried out to detect oily sludge biodegradation activity of bacterial isolates from Khurais oil field, Saudi Arabia. The understanding of different biodegradation capability was cleared in the light of amplifying Alkane Hydroxylase gene (alkB). Based on morphological and biochemical studies and 16S rRNA marker, our bacterial isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Bacillus cereus. Varied degradation percentage of saturated and aromatic fractions for four bacterial isolates were recorded. Only Pseudomonas alcaligenes and Bacillus cereus amplified Alkane Hydroxylase genes were found with different identity percentage. Significant different for Alkane Hydroxylase (alkB) amino acids 3D modeling was cleared. SDS-PAGE technique reflected distinguished fraction variation among four bacterial isolates. Additionally, Alkane Hydroxylase gene (alkB) with the specific fraction of 41 kDa was only expressed in Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas alcaligenes.

 


Keywords: Khurais oil field; oil sludge biodegradation; 16S rRNA; Alkane Hydroxylase gene; alkB; SDS-PAGE technique; amino acids 3D modeling

Corresponding author:E-mail: ai_gentics80@yahoo.com

Article Details

Section
Original Research Articles

References

Bojes, H.K. and Pope, P.G., 2007. Characterization of EPA’s 16 priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in tank bottom solids and associated contaminated soils at oil exploration and production sites in Texas. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 47(3), 288-295.

Mishra, S., Jyoti, J., Kuhad, R.C. and Lai, B., 2001. In situ bioremediation potential of an oil sludge-degrading bacterial consortium. Current Microbiology, 43, 328-335.

Wang, W., Zhong, R. and Shan, D., 2014. Indigenous oil-degrading bacteria in crude oil-contaminated seawater of the Yellow Sea, China. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 98, 7253-7269.

Cao, J., Lai, Q. and Yuan, J., 2015. Genomic and metabolic analysis of fluoranthene degradation pathway in Celeribacter indicus P73T. Scientific Report, 13(5), 7741-7753.

Alisi, C., Musella, R. and Tasso, F., 2009. Bioremediation of diesel oil in a co-contaminated soil by bioaugmentation with a microbial formula tailored with native strains selected for heavy metals resistance. Science of the Total Environment, 407, 3024-3032.

Plociniczak, T., Kukla, M. and Wątroba, R., 2013. The effect of soil bioaugmentation with strains of Pseudomonas on Cd, Zn and Cu uptake by Sinapis alba L. Chemosphere, 91, 1332-1337.

Calvo, C., Toledo, F.L. and Gonzalez-Lopez, J., 2006. Surfactant activity of a naphthalene degrading Bacillus pumilus strain isolated from oil sludge. Journal of Biotechnology, 109 (3), 255-262.

Bartha, R.and Pramer, D., 1965. Features of flask and method for measurement of the persistence and biological effects of pesticides in soil. Soil Science, 100(1), 68-70.

Camargo, H., Nusspaumer, G., Abia, D., Briceno, V., Remacha, M. and Ballesta, J.P., 2011. The amino terminal end determines the stability and assembling capacity of eukaryotic ribosomal stalk proteins P1 and P2. Nucleic Acids Research, 39(9), 3735-43.

Simpson, E.H., 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature, 163, 688.

Colwell, R.R., Walker, J.D. and Cooney, J.J., 1977. Ecological aspects of microbial degradation of petroleum in the marine environment. Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 5 (4), 423-445.

Atlas, R.M., 1992. Petroleum microbiology. In J. Lederberg et al., eds. Encyclopedia of Microbiology, pp. 363-369, Baltimore, USA: Academic Press.

Lal, B. and Khanna, S., 1996. Degradation of crude oil by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Alcaligenes odorans. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 81 (4), 355-362.

Jones, J., Knight, M. and Byron, J.A., 1970. Effect of gross population by kerosene hydrocarbons on the microflora of a moorland soil. Nature, 227, 1166.

Pinholt, Y., Struwe, S. and Kjoller, A., 1979. Microbial changes during oil decomposition in soil. Holarctic Ecology, 2, 195-200.

Bartha, R. and Bossert, I., 1984. The treatment and disposal of petroleum wastes. In R.M. Atlas, ed. Petroleum Microbiology, pp. 553-578, New York, USA: Macmillan.

Chaillan, F., Le Fleche, A.and Bury, E., 2004. Identification and biodegradation potential of tropical aerobic hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms. Research in Microbiology, 155 (7), 587-595.

Daugulis, A. J. and McCracken, C. M., 2003. Microbial degradation of high and low molecular weight polyaromatic hydrocarbons in a two-phase partitioning bioreactor by two strains of Sphingomonas sp. Biotechnology Letters, 25 (17), 1441-1444.

Obi, L., Atagana, H. and Adeleke, R., 2016. Isolation and characterisation of crude oil sludge degrading bacteria. Springer Plus, 5, 1946.

Bahobail, A., Gad El-Rab, S.M.F. and Amin, G.A., 2016. Locally isolated bacterial strains with multiple degradation potential capabilities on petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants. Advances in Microbiology, 6, 852-866.

Bowman, V.C., Francis, J.E., Riding, J.B., Hunter, S.J. and Haywood, A.M., 2012. A latest Cretaceous to earliest Paleogene dinoflagellate cyst zonation from Antarctica, and implications for phytoprovincialism in the high southern latitudes. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 171, 40-56.

Das, R.and Kazy, S.K., 2014. Microbial diversity, community composition and metabolic potential in hydrocarbon contaminated oily sludge: prospects for in situ bioremediation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 21(12), 7369-89.

Hara, E., Kurihara, M., Nomura, N., Nakajima, T. and Uchiyama, H., 2013. Bioremediation field trial of oil-contaminated soil with foodwaste compost. JJSCE, 1(1), 125-132.

Afifi1, A., Motamedi, H., Alizadeh, B. and Leilavi. B., 2015. Isolation and identification of oil degrading bacteria from oil sludge in Abadan oil refinery. Environmental and Experimental Biology, 13, 13-18.

Mishra, S., Singh, S.N. and Pande, V., 2014. Bacteria induced degradation of fluoranthene in minimal salt medium mediated by catabolic enzymes in vitro condition.Bioresource Technology, 164, 299-308.

Wasmund, K., Kathryn, A., Burns, D., Kurtb, I. and Bourne D. G., 2009. Novel alkane hydroxylase gene (alkB) diversity in sediments associated with hydrocarbon seeps in the Timor Sea, Australia. Applied and Environmental Microbiogy, 75 (23), 7391-7398.

Obi, E.., Akunyili, D.N., Ekpo, B. and Orisakwe, O.E., 2006. Heavy metal hazards of Nigerian herbal remedies. Science of the Total Environment, 369(1-3), 35-41.

Kitamoto, H.K., Shinozaki1, Y., Cao, X., Morita, T., Konishi, M., Tago, K., Kajiwara , H., Koitabashi, M., Yoshida, S., Watanabe, T., Sameshima-Yamashita, Y., Nakajima-Kambe, T. and Tsushima, S., 2011. Phyllosphere yeasts rapidly break down biodegradable plastics. Kitamoto et al. AMB Express 2011, Nov. 29, 1:44. Doi: 10.1186/2191-0855-1-44.

Cerqueira, V.S., Hollenbach, E.B., Maboni, F., Vainstein, M.H., Camargo, F.A., do Carmo, R. Peralba M. and Bento, FM., 2011. Biodegradation potential of oily sludge by pure and mixed bacterial cultures. Bioresource Technology, 102(23), 11003-10.

Ni’matuzahroh, N. Trikurniadewi, A.R.A. Pramadita, I. A. Salamun, P. F. and Sumarsih, S., 2017. Biodegradation of naphthalene and phenanthren by Bacillus subtilis 3KP. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1854, 020026. doi: 10.1063/1.4985417.

Xu, N.N., Bao, M.T., Sun, P.Y. and Li, Y. M., 2013. Study on bioadsorption and biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by a microbial consortium. Bioresource Technology, 149, 22-30.

Vomberg, A. and Klinner, U., 2000. Distribution of alkB genes within n-alkane-degrading bacteria. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 89(2), 339-48.

Nie, Y., Chi, C.-Q., Fang, H., Liang, J.-L., Lu, S.-L., Lai, G.-L., Tang, Y.-Q. and Wu, X.-L., 2014. Diverse alkane hydroxylase genes in microorganisms and environments. Scientific Reports, 4, 4968.

Wong, K., Quilty, B. and Surif, S., 2013. Degradation of crude oil in the presence of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) by a metal adapted consortium culture. Advances in Environmental Biology, 7(4), 577-585.

Eidani, S.Z., Shahraki, M.K., Gasemisakha, F., Hahsemi, M. and Bambai, B., 2012. Cloning and expression of alkane hydroxylase-1 from Alcanivorax borkumensis in Escherichia coli. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 28(6), 560-5.

Hazaimeh, M., Abd Mutalib, S., Abdullah, P.S., Kok Kee, W. And Surif, S., 2014. Enhanced crude oil hydrocarbon degradation by self-immobilized bacterial consortium culture on sawdust and oil palm empty fruit bunch. Annals of Microbiology, 64(4), 1769-1777.