Low Cost Paper-based Electrochemical Sensing Platform for the Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
A rapid, precise, low cost, selective and sensitive paper-based electrochemical device for the determination of H2O2 in milk is described here. Commercially available varnish and a simple hand drawing method were used to develop the hydrophobic pattern to generate a hydrophilic detection zone on the filter paper. The electrode system was fabricated on the detection zone in order to detect H2O2 electrochemically. A commercially available graphite pencil and conductive silver ink were used to fabricate the counter electrode and pseudo-reference electrode, respectively. A paste of Prussian blue (PB) modified graphite, unmodified graphite and phenol-formaldehyde polymer were used to fabricate a PB modified graphite working electrode on paper. This modified electrode showed electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H2O2 and it was successfully used for the chronoamperometric detection of H2O2 at 0 V vs Ag reference electrode in 0.1 mol l-1 phosphate buffer, buffered at pH 6.0 in 0.1 mol l-1 KCl. Under optimum conditions, the calibration curve for the H2O2 determination was linear from 5 to 50 mmol l-1 with a detection limit (LoD = + 3SD) of 4.0 mmol l-1. In addition, the PB modified graphite electrode showed selectivity for H2O2 detection in the presence of ascorbic acid, sucrose and citric acid.
Keywords: low-cost device; H2O2 detection; paper-based device; electrochemical device; modified graphite-based electrode
*Corresponding author: Tel.: (+94) 773311010
E-mail: mnkaumal@sci.cmb.ac.lk
Article Details
Copyright Transfer Statement
The copyright of this article is transferred to Current Applied Science and Technology journal with effect if and when the article is accepted for publication. The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, electronic form (offline, online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.
The author warrants that this contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant. The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors.
Here is the link for download: Copyright transfer form.pdf
References
Nurak, T., Praphairaksit, N. and Chailapakul, O., 2013. Fabrication of paper-based devices by lacquer spraying method for the determination of nickel (II) ion in waste water. Talanta, 114, 291-296.
Puiu, M., Mirceski, V. and Bala, C., 2021. Paper-based diagnostic platforms and devices. Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, 27, 100726, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coelec.2021. 100726.
Liana, D.D., Raguse, B., Gooding, J.J. and Chow, E., 2012. Recent advances in paper-based sensors. Sensors, 12(9), 11505-11526.
Cate, D.M., Adkins, J.A., Mettakoonpitak, J. and Henry, C.S., 2015. Recent developments in paper-based microfluidic devices. Analytical Chemistry, 87(1), 19-41.
Nery, E.W. and Kubota, L.T., 2013. Sensing approaches on paper-based devices: A review. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 405(24), 7573-7595.
Mahadeva, S.K., Walus, K. and Stoeber, B., 2015. Paper as a platform for sensing applications and other devices: A review. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 7(16), 8345-8362.
Silva, R.A.B., Montes, R.H.O., Richter, E.M. and Munoz, R.A.A., 2012. Rapid and selective determination of hydrogen peroxide residues in milk by batch injection analysis with amperometric detection. Food Chemistry, 133(1), 200-204.
Ping, J., Mao, X., Fan, K., Li, D., Ru, S., Wu, J. and Ying, Y., 2010. A Prussian blue-based amperometric sensor for the determination of hydrogen peroxide residues in milk. Ionics, 16(6), 523-527.
Ping, J., Wu, J., Fan, K. and Ying, Y., 2011. An amperometric sensor based on Prussian blue and poly(o-phenylenediamine) modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of hydrogen peroxide in beverages. Food Chemistry, 126(4), 2005-2009.
Siimenson, C., Kruusma, J., Anderson, E., Merisalu, M., Sammelselg, V., Lust, E. and Banks, C.E., 2012. Prussian blue modified solid carbon nanorod whisker paste composite electrodes: Evaluation towards the electroanalytical sensing of H2O2. International Journal of Electrochemistry, 2012(1), https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/238419.
Moscone, D. and D’ottavi, D., 2001. Construction and analytical characterization of Prussian blue-based carbon paste electrodes and their assembly as oxidase enzyme sensors. Analytical Chemistry, 73(11), 2529-2535.
Lima, L.S., Rossini, E.L., Pezza, L. and Pezza, H.R., 2020. Bioactive paper platform for detection of hydrogen peroxide in milk. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 227, 117774, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2019.117774.
Karyakin, A., 2001. Prussian blue and its analogues: Electrochemistry and analytical applications. Electroanalysis, 13(10), 813-819.
Karimi, A., Husain, S.W., Hosseini, M., Azar, P.A. and Ganjali, M.R., 2018. Rapid and sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide in milk by enzyme-free electrochemiluminescence sensor based on a polypyrrole-cerium oxide nanocomposite. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 271, 90-96.
Gulera, M., Turkoglu, V., Kivrak, A. and Karahan, F. 2018. A novel nonenzymatic hydrogen peroxide amperometric sensor based on Pd@CeO2-NH2 nanocomposites modified glassy carbon electrode. Materials Science and Engineering, 90, 454-460.
Borràs-Brull, M., Blondeau, P. and Riu, J., 2021. The use of conducting polymers for enhanced electrochemical determination of hydrogen peroxide. Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, 51(3), 204-217.