Thermal Management for Green Vehicle Batteries under Natural and Forced Convection Modes
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The life span, efficiency and safety of lithium-ion batteries can be enhanced by temperature reduction and heat transfer optimization. The current research focuses on the cooling of lithium-ion batteries by reducing their temperature with optimized aluminum plates, which act like fins and carry away the heat due to convection in between the cells. For that, a seven cell battery pack model was built and cooling was done with air as a medium, which was manually passed through the system at a specified velocity using a blower. Considering the safety and cost as a key factors, dummy cells made of aluminum plates with heating coils inside were used rather than the original Li-ion battery for experimental studies. Numerical investigation of the temperature distribution on fins and the factors affecting the temperature reduction were performed. Free convection and forced convection methods were considered for the model using various calculated film coefficients. A reduction of 10oC to 20oC in temperature can be achieved using air which flows at a velocity of 8.5m/s. Numerical results are compared with the experimental results and the differences are discussed.
Keywords: air cooling; Li-ion battery; CFD; BTMS; film coefficient; heat transfer coefficient
*Corresponding author: Tel.: +91 9442054281; Fax: +91 863 2388999
E-mail: [email protected]
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright Transfer Statement
The copyright of this article is transferred to Current Applied Science and Technology journal with effect if and when the article is accepted for publication. The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, electronic form (offline, online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.
The author warrants that this contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant. The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors.
Here is the link for download: Copyright transfer form.pdf
References
Zhou, H., Zhou, F., Xu, L. and Kong, J., 2019. Thermal performance of cylindrical Lithium-ion battery thermal management system based on air distribution pipe. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 131, 984-998.
Xu, X.M., Sun, X.D., Hu, D.H., Li, R.Z. and Tang, W., 2018. Research on heat dissipation performance and flow characteristics of air‐cooled battery pack. International Journal of Energy Research, 42(11), 3658-3671.
Xie, J., Ge, Z., Zang, M. and Wang, S., 2017. Structural optimization of lithium-ion battery pack with forced air-cooling system. Applied Thermal Engineering, 126, 583-593.
Saw, L.H., Poon, H.M., Thiam, H.S., Cai, Z., Chong, W.T., Pambudi, N.A. and King, Y.J., 2018. Novel thermal management system using mist cooling for lithium-ion battery packs. Applied Energy, 223, 146-158.
Pang, W., Yu, H., Zhang, Y. and Yan, H., 2019. Solar photovoltaic based air-cooling system for vehicles. Renewable Energy, 130, 25-31.
Lu, Z., Yu, X., Wei, L., Qiu, Y., Zhang, L., Meng, X. and Jin, L., 2018. Parametric study of forced air-cooling strategy for lithium-ion battery pack with staggered arrangement. Applied Thermal Engineering, 136, 28-40.
Li, W., Xiao, M., Peng, X., Garg, A. and Gao, L., 2019. A surrogate thermal modeling and parametric optimization of battery pack with air cooling for EVs. Applied Thermal Engineering, 147, 90-100.
Jilte, R.D. and Kumar, R., 2018. Numerical investigation on cooling performance of Li-ion battery thermal management system at high galvanostatic discharge. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 21(5), 957-969.
Kim, J., Oh, J. and Lee, H., 2019. Review on battery thermal management system for electric vehicles. Applied Thermal Engineering, 149, 192-212.
Chen, K., Li, Z., Chen, Y., Long, S., Hou, J., Song, M. and Wang, S., 2017. Design of parallel air-cooled battery thermal management system through numerical study. Energies, 10(10), 1677, https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101677.
Deng, Y., Feng, C., Jiaqiang, E., Zhu, H., Chen, J., Wen, M. and Yin, H., 2018. Effects of different coolants and cooling strategies on the cooling performance of the power lithium ion battery system: A review. Applied Thermal Engineering, 142, 10-29.
Patil, M.S., Panchal, S., Kim, N. and Lee, M.Y., 2018. Cooling performance characteristics of 20 Ah lithium-ion pouch cell with cold plates along both surfaces. Energies, 11(10), 2550.
Chen, K., Song, M., Wei, W. and Wang, S., 2019. Design of the structure of battery pack in parallel air-cooled battery thermal management system for cooling efficiency improvement. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 132, 309-321.
Chen, K., Chen, Y., Li, Z., Yuan, F. and Wang, S., 2018. Design of the cell spacings of battery pack in parallel air-cooled battery thermal management system. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 127, 393-401.
Wang, Y., Moura, S.J., Advani, S.G. and Prasad, A.K., 2019. Power management system for a fuel cell/battery hybrid vehicle incorporating fuel cell and battery degradation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 44(16), 8479-8492.
Al-Zareer, M., Dincer, I. and Rosen, M.A., 2019. A novel approach for performance improvement of liquid to vapor based battery cooling systems. Energy Conversion and Management, 187, 191-204.
Jiaqiang, E., Yue, M., Chen, J., Zhu, H., Deng, Y., Zhu, Y., Zhang, F., Wen, M., Zhang, B. and Kang, S., 2018. Effects of the different air-cooling strategies on cooling performance of a lithium-ion battery module with baffle. Applied Thermal Engineering, 144, 231-241.
Bai, F.F., Chen, M.B., Song, W.J., Li, Y., Feng, Z.P. and Li, Y., 2019. Thermal performance of pouch Lithium-ion battery module cooled by phase change materials. Energy Procedia, 158, 3682-3689.
Nimmagadda, R., Reuven, R., Asirvatham, L.G. and Wongwises, S., 2020. Thermal management of electronic devices using gold and carbon nanofluids in a lid-driven square cavity under the effect of variety of magnetic fields. IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, 10(11), 1868-1878.
Nimmagadda, R., Matta, D.P., Reuven, R., Asirvatham, L.G., Wongwises, S., Yerramilli, A. and Adusumilli, S., 2020. Effect of magnetic field on the laminar heat transfer performance of hybrid nanofluid in a lid driven cavity over solid block. Proceedings of ASME Power Conference, Virtual, Online, August 4-5, 2020, pp. 1-9.
Nimmagadda, R. and Venkatasubbaiah, K., 2015. Multiphase approach on heat transfer performance of micro-channel using hybrid carbon nanofluid. Proceedings of International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels, San Francisco, USA, July 6-9, 2015, pp. 1-9.
Rao, G.S., Rao, G.K. and Raju, S.S.N., 2014. An innovative approach to battery management and propulsion system of electric/hybrid electric vehicle. International Journal of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, 6(1), 1-13.
Panjagala, H., Madhukar, E.L.N.R. and Kiran, I.R., 2018. Recent advancements in shape optimization of aero spiked high-speed re-entry vehicle using CFD. MATEC Web of Conferences, 172, https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817201007.
Babu, S.S. and Yasin, S., 2019. Heat transfer analysis of automobile radiator with helical tubes using CFD. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 8(8), 999-1003.
Murali, G., Nagavamsi, V., Srinath, A. and Prakash, M.A., 2020. Battery thermal management system using phase change material on trapezoidal battery pack with liquid cooling system. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(5), 5288-5300.
Returi, M.C., Konijeti, R. and Dasore, A., 2019. Heat transfer enhancement using hybrid nanofluids in spiral plate heat exchangers. Heat Transfer-Asian Research, 48(7), 3128-3143.
Srilatha, A., Pandian, A. and Varma, P.S., 2020. Multilevel charging of lithium-ion battery for fast charging stations of EV’s. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(4), 858-871.
Murali, G., Nagendra, B. and Jaya, J., 2020. CFD analysis on heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of turbulent flow in a tube fitted with trapezoidal-cut twisted tape insert using Fe3O4 nano fluid. Materials Today: Proceedings, 21, 313-319.
Rao, K.N. and Radha, G.V.G., 2020. Comparative study by numerical investigation of heat transfer in circular tube by using hybrid nanofluids. International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development, 10(3), 969-982.