Growth, Productivity, Competitive Ratio, Maize Equivalent Yield, Land Equivalent Ratio, and Profitability of Hybrid Maize as Influenced by Relay Cropping with Mukhikachu (Colocasia esculenta Schott.) during Rabi Season
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Relay cropping is a method that increases total productivity through maximum utilization of resources. In this study, we planned a field experiment, which was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishwardi, Pabna during 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 to find out the most suitable way of relaying mukhikachu (MU) with hybrid maize to get the maximum benefit. Seven treatments: T1= Relay at silking stage (100 DAS), T2 = Relay at the blister stage (110 DAS), T3 = Relay at the milk stage (120 DAS), T4 = Relay at the dough stage (130 DAS), T5 = Relay at the dent stage (140 DAS), T6 = Sole hybrid maize, T7 = Sole mukhikachu, were compared in the study. It was found that among the treatments (relay cropping and sole stand), there was no significant difference in terms of yield and attributes of both base (maize) and relay crop (mukhikachu). In the entire treatment, maize yielded 10.54-11.30 t ha-1 with results of 3.28-3.66 MJ m-2day-1 light energy interception (120 DAS), 2.68-2.84 LAI (120 DAS) and 1534.63-1592.69 g m-2 TDM (140DAS). The mukhikachu yielded 26.88-27.28 t ha-1 among the relay cropping system. Maize equivalent yield (MEY) and BCR ranged from 28.48-29.18 t ha-1 and 2.33-2.39, respectively, amongst the relay cropping treatments. The land equivalent ratio (LER) of the relay cropping treatment produced almost double (1.934-1.996) that of the sole crops. Farmers can benefit by adopting this relay cropping technology when they grow long-duration crops, and this technology can lead to improved system productivity.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright Transfer Statement
The copyright of this article is transferred to Current Applied Science and Technology journal with effect if and when the article is accepted for publication. The copyright transfer covers the exclusive right to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, translations, photographic reproductions, electronic form (offline, online) or any other reproductions of similar nature.
The author warrants that this contribution is original and that he/she has full power to make this grant. The author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors.
Here is the link for download: Copyright transfer form.pdf
References
Lal, R., Uphoff, N., Stewart, B.A. and Hansen, D.O., 2005. Climate Change and Global Food Security. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Islam, M.R., Zaman, R., Alam, M.A., Khan, M.A.A. and Hossain, J., 2017. Yield potentiality of maize as relay crop with T. Aman rice under different agronomic management. Cercetări Agronomice în Moldova, 50(2), 35-49, https://doi.org/10.1515/cerce-2017-0013.
Jabbar, A., Ahmad, R., Ullah, E. and Nazir, M.S., 2005. Agro-economic performance of diversified rice-based relay cropping system at zero and conventional tillage under strip plantation. Pakistan Journal Agricultural Science, 12, 18-21.
Hossain, M.M., Begum, M., Hashem, A., Rahman, M.M., Ahmed, S., Hassan, M.M., Javed, T., Shabbir, R., Hadifa, A., EL Sabagh, A. and Bell, R.W., 2021. Strip tillage and crop residue retention decrease the size but increase the diversity of the weed seed bank under intensive rice-based crop rotations in Bangladesh. Agronomy, 11(6), https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061164.
Law, E.P., Pelzer, C.J., Wayman, S., Di Tommaso, A. and Ryan, M.R., 2021. Strip-tillage renovation of intermediate wheat grass (Thinopyrum intermedium) for maintaining grain yield in mature stands. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 36(4), 321-327, https://doi.org/10.1017/s1742170520000368.
Islam, M.R., Mian, M.A.K. and Rahman M.T., 2012. Suitability of intercropping sesame with mukhikachu. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 37(4), 625-634, https://doı.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14387.
Tanveer, M., Anjum, S.A., Hussain, S., Cerdà, A. and Ashraf, U., 2017. Relay cropping as a sustainable approach: problems and opportunities for sustainable crop production. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(8), 6973-6988, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8371-4.
Hossain, J., Islam, M.R., Ali, M.O., Hossain, M.F., Mian, M.A.K., Alam, M.A. and Hossain, A., 2021. Economic assessment of maize (Zea mays L.) – Spinach (Basella alba L.) intercropping system for improving the livelihood of smallholders in South-Asia. Acta Fytotechn Zootechn, 24(2), 101-109, https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2021.24.02.101-109.
Du, Q., Zhou, L., Chen, P., Liu, X., Song, C., Yang, F., Wang, X., Liu, W., Sun, X., Du, J., Liu, J., Shu, K., Yang, W. and Yong, T., 2020. Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input. The Crop Journal, 8(1), 140-152, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2019.06.010.
Hossain, M.S., Hossain, A., Sarkar, M.A.R., Jahiruddin, M., da Silva, J.A.T. and Hossain, M.I., 2016. Productivity and soil fertility of the rice–wheat system in the High Ganges River Floodplain of Bangladesh is influenced by the inclusion of legumes and manure. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 218, 40-52, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.11.017.
Ahmmed, S., 2018. Fertilizer Recommendation Guide. Dhaka: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council.
Walkley, A.C. and Black, T.A., 1935. Estimation of soil organic carbon by chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 47, 29-38.
Jackson, M.C., 1958. Soil Chemical Analysis. New York: Prentice Hall Inc.
Hunter, A.H., 1984. Soil fertility analytical service in Bangladesh. Consultancy Report, BARC, Dhaka.
Sippola, J. and Ervio, R., 1977. Determination of boron in the soils and plants by the azomethine-H method. Finnish Chemical Letters, 4-5,138-140.
Chatterjee, B.N. and Maiti, S., 1984. Cropping System: Theory and Practice. New Delhi: Oxford and IBH Publishing Company.
Jalilian, J., Najafabadi, A. and Zardashti, M.R., 2017. Intercropping patterns and different farming systems affect the yield and yield components of safflower and bitter vetch. Journal of Plant Interactions, 12(1), 92-99, https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2017.1294712.
Parwada, C. and Chinyama, T.A., 2021. Land equivalent ratio of cowpea–sorghum relay intercrop as affected by different cattle manure application rates under smallholder farming system. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 5, https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.778144.
Beadle, C.L., 1985. Plant growth analysis. In: J. Coombs, D.O. Hall, S.P. Long and J.M.O. Scurlock, eds. Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis. Oxford: Pergamon Press, pp. 20-25.
Charles-Edwards, D.A., 1982. Physiological Determinants of Crop Growth. London: Academic Press.
R Core Team, 2016. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. [online] Available at: http//:www.R-project.org/.
Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A., 1984. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. 2nd ed. Singapore: John Wiley and Sons, pp. 302-307.
García-Lara, S. and Serna-Saldivar, S.O., 2019. Corn History and Culture. In: S.O. Serna-Saldivar, ed. Corn. Chemistry and Technology. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing and AACC International Press, pp. 1-18.
Tiwari, Y.K. and Yadav, S.K., 2019. High temperature stress tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.): Physiological and molecular mechanisms. Journal of Plant Biology, 62(2), 93-102.
Zhu, P., Zhuang, Q., Archontoulis, S.V., Bernacchi, C. and Müller, C., 2019. Dissecting the nonlinear response of maize yield to high temperature stress with model data integration. Global Change Biology, 25(7), 2470-2484, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14632.
Shaw, R.H., 2019. Estimates of yield reductions in corn caused by water and temperature stress. In: P.J. Kramer, eds. Crop Reactions to Water and Temperature Stresses in Humid, Temperate Climates. Bota Racon: CRC Press, pp. 49-65.
Milas, A.S., Romanko, M., Reil, P., Abeysinghe, T. and Marambe, A., 2018. The importance of leaf area index in mapping chlorophyll content of corn under different agricultural treatments using UAV images. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 39(15-16), 5415-5431, https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2018.1455244.
Wang, L., Wang, P., Liang, S., Qi, X., Li, L. and Xu, L., 2019. Monitoring maize growth conditions by training a BP neural network with remotely sensed vegetation temperature condition index and leaf area index. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 160, 82-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2019.03.017.
Ahmed, F., Islam, M.N., Rahman, M.T., Jahan, M.A. and Khan, M.S.A., 2010. Leaf area index, radiation interception, dry matter production and grain yield of hybrid maize as influenced by plant spacing. Bangladesh Agronomy Journal, 13(1), 51-58.
Finney, D.M., White, C.M. and Kaye, J.P., 2016. Biomass production and carbon/nitrogen ratio influence ecosystem services from cover crop mixtures. Agronomy Journal, 108(1), 39-52, https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj15.0182.
Mihai, H. and Florin, S., 2016, Biomass prediction model in maize based on satellite images. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1738(1), https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4952132.
Islam, M.R., Alam, M.R., E.L., Sabagh, A., Barutçular, C., Ratnasekera, D., Kizilgeçi, F. and Islam, M.S., 2018. Evaluation of turmeric-mung bean intercrop productivity through competition functions. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 111 (1),199-207, https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2018.111.1.19.
Juskiw, P.E., Helm, J.H.and Salmon, D.F., 2000. Competitive ability in mixtures of small grain cereals. Crop Science, 40(1), 159-164, https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2000.401159x.
Abid, M., Batool, T., Siddique, G., Ali, S., Binyamin, R., Shahid, M.J., Rizwan, M., Alsahli, A.A. and Alyemeni, M.N., 2020. Integrated nutrient management enhances soil quality and crop productivity in maize-based cropping system. Sustainability, 12(23), https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310214.
Kemal, Y.O. and Abera, M., 2015. Contribution of integrated nutrient management practices for sustainable crop productivity, nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status in maize-based cropping systems. Journal of Nutrients, 2(1), https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.87/2015.2.1/87.1.1.10.
Islam, M.R., Mian, M.A.K., Mahfuza, S.N., Hossain, J. and Hannan, A., 2015. Efficiency of intercropping vegetables and spices relayed with pointed gourd. Bangladesh Agronomy Journal, 18(1), 7-12, https://doı.org/10.3329/baj.v18i1.25562.
Islam, M.R., Molla, M.S.H. and Main, M.A.K., 2016. Productivity and profitability of intercropping sesame with turmeric at marginal farmers level of Bangladesh. SAARC Journal of Agriculture, 14(1), 47-58, https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v14i1.29575.