Biodiversity of Blood Sucking Flies associated with the Prevalence of Anaplasma marginale infection in Dairy Farms in Ratchaburi Province
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Published:
Jan 12, 2019
Keywords:
Prevalence Blood Sucking Flies Dairy cattle Anaplasma marginale
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Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the association between the biodiversity of blood sucking flies and prevalence Anaplasma marginale infections in dairy cattle in Ratchaburi Province. A total of 1,419 samples of blood sucking flies was collected from dairy farms of Ratchaburi Province, including 375 samples from Photharam District, 652 samples from Ban Pong District, and 392 samples from Jom Bueng District. The flies were classified by taxonomy and A. marginale was detected, using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The blood sucking flies were characterized into 2 families and 3 genus including Muscidae family: genus Stomoxys (Stomoxys calcitrans, S. indicus, and S. sitiens) and genus Haematobia, and Tabanidae family: genus Tabanus (Tabanus rubidus and T. striatus). Blood sucking flies were including associated with the amount of rain and they are mostly found during June to August. According to A. marginale detection, the percentage of A. marginale infection in blood sucking flies 4.75% (68/1,419). Factors influenced the infection of A. marginale in blood sucking flies were diversity of blood sucking flies, season, and the amount of rain (P<0.05). Therefore, for the control, the breeding habitat of these flies should be modified which is around the dairy farms, before the rain season while the surveillance should be arranged to prevent the epidemic caused by blood sucking flies in the area.
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Saetiew, N., Stich, R. W. and Jittapalapong, S. (2019) “Biodiversity of Blood Sucking Flies associated with the Prevalence of Anaplasma marginale infection in Dairy Farms in Ratchaburi Province”, Journal of Mahanakorn Veterinary Medicine, 13(2), pp. 171–184. Available at: https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jmvm/article/view/144621 (Accessed: 24 November 2024).
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Research Article
References
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Castro, E., A. Gil, J. Piaggio, L. Chifflet, N. A. Farias, M. A. Solari, and R. D. Moon. 2008. Population dynamics of horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), on Hereford cattle in Uruguay. Vet Parasitol. 151: 286–299.
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De la Fuente, J., L. M. F., Passos, R. A. van den Bussche, M. F. B. Ribeiro, E. J. Facury-Filho, and K. M. Kocan. 2004. Genetic diversity and molecular phylogeny of Anaplasma marginale isolates from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Vet. Parasitol. 121: 307–316.
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Holloway, M. T. P. and R. J. Phelps. 1991. The responses of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) to traps and artificial host odours in the field. Bull. Entomol. Res. 81: 51-55.
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Keawrayup, S., G. Duvallet, S. Sukonthabhirom, and T. Chareonviriyaphap. 2012. Diversity of Stomoxys spp. (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE) and Diurnal Variations of Activity of Stomoxys indicus and S. calcitrans a Farm, in Wang Nam Khiao District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thialand. Parasite. 19: 259-265.
Lima, L. G. F., S. H. V. Perri, and A. P. Prado. 2003. Variation in population density of horn flies (Haematobia irritans irritans) (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) in Nellore cattle (Bos indicus). Vet. Parasitol. 117:309-314.
Maldonado-Siman, E., P. A. Martinez-Hernandez, H. Sumano-Lopez, C. Cruz-Vazquez, R. L. Rodriguez de, and M. A. Alonso-Diaz. 2009. Population fluctuation of horn fly (Haematobia irritans irritans) in an organic dairy farm. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 8: 1292-1297.
Masmeatathip, R., C. Ketavan, and G. Duvallet. 2006. Morphological studies of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) in central Thailand. KU Journal: Natural Science. 40: 872-881.
Mihok, S., D. A. Carlson, E. S. Krafsur, and L. D. Foil. 2006. Performance of the Nzi and other traps for biting flies in North America. Bull Entomol. Res. 96(4): 387-97.
Muenworn, V., G. Duvallet, K. Thainchum, S. Tuntakom, S. Tanasilchayakul, A. Prabaripai, P. Akratanakul, S. Sukonthabhirom, and T. Chareonviriyaphap. 2010. Geographic Distribution of Stomoxyine Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) and Diurnal Activity of Stomoxys calcitrans in Thailand. J. Med. Entomol. 47: 791-797.
OIE. 2012. Bovine Anaplasmosis. OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals, 7th Edition. Office International des Epizooties, Paris, Chapter 2.4.1.
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Phasuk, J., A. Prabaripai, and T. Chareonviriyaphap. 2016. A Comparison of Attractants for Sampling Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) on Dairy Farms in Saraburi Province, Thailand. J Econ. Entomol. 109(2): 942-946.
Torres, P. R., A. C. Cicchino, and A. H. Abrahamovich. 1996. Influence of abiotic factors on horn fly (Haematobia irritans irritans, L. 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae) abundance and the role of ative grass as a resting site in N.M. Santa Fe province (Argentina). Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 5: 15-22.
Tumrasvin, W. and S. Shinonaga. 1978. Studies on medically important flies in Thailand on 32 species belonging to the subfamilies muscinae and stomoxyinae including the taxonomic keys (Diptera: Muscidae). Bull. Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ. 25: 201-227.
Urdaz-Rodríguez, J. H., G. T. Fosgate, A. R. Alleman, D. O. Rae, G. A. Donovan, and P. Melendez. 2009. Seroprevalence estimation and management factors associated with high herd seropositivity for Anaplasma marginale in commercial dairy farms of Puerto Rico. Trop Anim Health Prod. 41: 1439–1448.
Zumpt, F. 1973. The Stomoxyinae biting flies of the world. Taxonomy, biology, economic importance and control measures. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag.
Carelli, G., N. Decaro, A. Lorusso, G. Elia, E. Lorusso, and V. Mari. 2007. Detection and quantification of Anaplasma marginale DNA in blood samples of cattle by real-time PCR. Vet Microbiol. 124: 107-114.
Castro, E., A. Gil, J. Piaggio, L. Chifflet, N. A. Farias, M. A. Solari, and R. D. Moon. 2008. Population dynamics of horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), on Hereford cattle in Uruguay. Vet Parasitol. 151: 286–299.
De la Fuente, J., R. A. Bussche, T. M. Prado, and K. M. Kocan. 2003. Anaplasma marginale msp1a genotype evolved under positive selection pressure but are not markers for geographic isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 1609–1616.
De la Fuente, J., L. M. F., Passos, R. A. van den Bussche, M. F. B. Ribeiro, E. J. Facury-Filho, and K. M. Kocan. 2004. Genetic diversity and molecular phylogeny of Anaplasma marginale isolates from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Vet. Parasitol. 121: 307–316.
De la Fuente, J., R. B. Massung, S. J. Wong, F. K. Chu, M. L. Lutz, F. D. Meli, A. Loewenich, A. Grzeszczuk, S. Torina, A. J. Caracappa, V. Mangold, S. Naranjo, S. Stuen. and K. M. Kocan. 2005. Sequence analysis of the msp4 gene of Anaplasma marginale strains. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 1309–1317.
Gale, K. R., C. M. Dimmock, M. Gartside, and G. Leatch. 1996. Anaplasma marginale: detection of carrier cattle by PCR. Int. J. Parasitol. 26: 1103–1109.
Holloway, M. T. P. and R. J. Phelps. 1991. The responses of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) to traps and artificial host odours in the field. Bull. Entomol. Res. 81: 51-55.
Ito, Y., S. Boonchit, N. Sarataphan, and D. Tuntasuvan. 1999. Species composition and seasonal abundance of horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) on a cattle farm in central Thailand. J. Med. Assoc. Thai. 50: 17-28.
Kaewmanee, C., Y. Hanboonsong, and T. Jamjanya. 2008 .Survey on Species of Stable Flies (Stomoxys spp.) (Diptera: Muscidae) and Fly-repelling Behaviors of Beef Cattle. Proceeding of the 9th KKU Veterinary Annual. Conference. Thailand, 11-12 June 2008: 179-183.
Keawrayup, S., G. Duvallet, S. Sukonthabhirom, and T. Chareonviriyaphap. 2012. Diversity of Stomoxys spp. (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE) and Diurnal Variations of Activity of Stomoxys indicus and S. calcitrans a Farm, in Wang Nam Khiao District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thialand. Parasite. 19: 259-265.
Lima, L. G. F., S. H. V. Perri, and A. P. Prado. 2003. Variation in population density of horn flies (Haematobia irritans irritans) (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) in Nellore cattle (Bos indicus). Vet. Parasitol. 117:309-314.
Maldonado-Siman, E., P. A. Martinez-Hernandez, H. Sumano-Lopez, C. Cruz-Vazquez, R. L. Rodriguez de, and M. A. Alonso-Diaz. 2009. Population fluctuation of horn fly (Haematobia irritans irritans) in an organic dairy farm. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 8: 1292-1297.
Masmeatathip, R., C. Ketavan, and G. Duvallet. 2006. Morphological studies of Stomoxys spp. (Diptera: Muscidae) in central Thailand. KU Journal: Natural Science. 40: 872-881.
Mihok, S., D. A. Carlson, E. S. Krafsur, and L. D. Foil. 2006. Performance of the Nzi and other traps for biting flies in North America. Bull Entomol. Res. 96(4): 387-97.
Muenworn, V., G. Duvallet, K. Thainchum, S. Tuntakom, S. Tanasilchayakul, A. Prabaripai, P. Akratanakul, S. Sukonthabhirom, and T. Chareonviriyaphap. 2010. Geographic Distribution of Stomoxyine Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) and Diurnal Activity of Stomoxys calcitrans in Thailand. J. Med. Entomol. 47: 791-797.
OIE. 2012. Bovine Anaplasmosis. OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals, 7th Edition. Office International des Epizooties, Paris, Chapter 2.4.1.
Oliveira, J. B., J. Montoya, J. J. Romero, A. Urbina, N. Soto-Barrientos, E. S. P. Melo, C. A. N. Ramos, and F. R. Arauj. 2011. Epidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis in dairy herds from Costa Rica. Vet. Parasitol. 177: 359–365.
Phasuk, J., A. Prabaripai, and T. Chareonviriyaphap. 2016. A Comparison of Attractants for Sampling Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) on Dairy Farms in Saraburi Province, Thailand. J Econ. Entomol. 109(2): 942-946.
Torres, P. R., A. C. Cicchino, and A. H. Abrahamovich. 1996. Influence of abiotic factors on horn fly (Haematobia irritans irritans, L. 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae) abundance and the role of ative grass as a resting site in N.M. Santa Fe province (Argentina). Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 5: 15-22.
Tumrasvin, W. and S. Shinonaga. 1978. Studies on medically important flies in Thailand on 32 species belonging to the subfamilies muscinae and stomoxyinae including the taxonomic keys (Diptera: Muscidae). Bull. Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ. 25: 201-227.
Urdaz-Rodríguez, J. H., G. T. Fosgate, A. R. Alleman, D. O. Rae, G. A. Donovan, and P. Melendez. 2009. Seroprevalence estimation and management factors associated with high herd seropositivity for Anaplasma marginale in commercial dairy farms of Puerto Rico. Trop Anim Health Prod. 41: 1439–1448.
Zumpt, F. 1973. The Stomoxyinae biting flies of the world. Taxonomy, biology, economic importance and control measures. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag.