Free Radicals and Antioxidants in Crabs
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Free radicals can cause damage biomolecule of crab cells such as DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids. Superoxide anion (O2=-) hydroxyl (=OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are some of free radicals. The occurrence of free radicals in crabs are produced in process of metabolism (such as respiration and molt cycle). Moreover, the free radicals are produced in the processes to eliminate the pathogens and xenobiotic (such as bacteria, virus, cyanobacteria and heavy metals). Free radicals are inhibited by antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione.
Article Details
References
Adalto, B. and J. M. Monserrat. 2007. Effects of methyl parathion on Chasmagnathus granulatus hepatopancreas: Protective role of sesamol. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety. 67(1): 100-108.
Ana, D. C., M. H. Costa, J. L. Orlando and R. L. David. 2003. Age-related changes in antioxidant enzyme activities, fatty acid composition and lipid peroxidation in whole body Gammarus locusta (Crustacea: Amphipoda). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 289(1): 83-101.
Arun, S., P. Krishnamoorhty and P. Subramanian. 1999. Properties of glutathione peroxidase from the hepatopancreas of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 31(6): 725-732.
Arun, S., and P. Subramanian. 1998. Antioxidant enzymes in freshwater prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii during embryonic and larval development. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 121(3): 273-277.
Carolina, R. M., M. Ansaldo and G. A. Lovrich. 2007. Effect of aerial exposure on the antioxidant status in the subantarctic stone crab Paralomis granulose (Decapoda: Anomura). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 146(1-2): 54-59.
Chang, E. S. 1995. Physiological and biochemical changes during the molt cycle in decapod crustaceans: an overview. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 193(1-2): 1-14.
Cheng, W. and J. C. Chen. 2001. Effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the haemocyte profile of the prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Fish Shellfish. Immunol. 11(1): 53-63.
Digiulio, R., P. C. Washburn, R. J. Wenning, G. W. Winston and C. S. Jewell. 1989. Biochemical responses in aquatic animals: a review of determinants of oxidative stress. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 8(12): 1103-1123.
Esterbauer, H., R. J. Schaur and H. Zollner. 1991. Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxy- nonenal, malonaldehyde and related aldehydes. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 11(1): 81-128.
Feng, D., X. Wang, E. Li, X. Bu, F. Qiao, J. Qin and L. Chen. 2019. Dietary aroclor 1254-induced toxicity on antioxidant capacity, immunity and energy metabolism in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis: amelioration by vitamin A. Front. Physiol. 10(722): 1-12.
Griswold, C., A. L. Mathews, K. E. Bewly and J. M. Mahaffey. 1993. Molecular characterization and rescue of acatalasemic mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics. 134(3): 781-788.
Guzman, R. E. and P. F. Solter. 1999. Hepatic oxidative stress following prolonged sublethal microcystin LR exposure. Toxicol. Pathol. 27(5): 582-588.
Halliwell, B. and J. M. C. Gutteridge. 1998. Free radicals in biology and medicine. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, New York. 980 pp.
Hermes-Lima, M., W. G. Willmore and K. B. Storey. 1995. Quantification of lipid peroxidation in tissue extracts based on Fe (III) xylenol orange complex formation. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 19(3): 271-280.
Hermes-Lima, M., J. M. Storey and K. B. Storey. 1998. Antioxidant defenses and metabolic depression. The hypothesis of preparation for oxidative stress in land snails. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol. 120(3): 437-448.
Jagneshwer, D., G. B. N. Chainy and K. J. Rao. 2000. Dietary vitamin-E modulates antioxidant defence system in giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 127(1): 101-115.
Jeejeebhoy, K. N. 1991. In vivo breath alkane as an index of lipid peroxidation. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 10(3-4): 191-193.
Kankamol C. and J. Salaenoi. 2018. Enzymes involved in immunity and characteristics of hemolymph in red sternum syndrome mud crabs (Scylla serrata). Agr. Nat. Resour. 52(5): 489-496.
Kashiwagi, A., K. Kashiwagi, M. Takase, H. Hanada and M. Nakamura. 1997. Comparison of catalase in diploid and haploid Rana rugosa using heat and chemical inactivation techniques. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol. 118(3): 499-503.
Klotz, M. G., G. R. Klassen and P. C. Lowen. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships among prokaryotic and eukaryotic catalases. Mol. Biol. Evol. 14(9): 951-958.
Li N, Y. H. Hou, D. D. Ma, W. X. Jing, H. U. Dahms and L. Wang. 2015. Lead accumulation, oxidative damage and histopathological alteration in testes and accessory glands of freshwater crab, Sinopotamon henanense, induced by acute lead exposure. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 117: 20-27.
Liu, H. P., F.Y. Chen, S. Gopalakrishnan, K. Qiao, J. Bo and K. J. Wang. 2010. Antioxidant enzymes from the crab Scylla paramamosain: gene cloning and gene/protein expression profiles against LPS challenge. Fish. Shellfish. Immunol. 28(5–6): 862-871.
Liu, N., L. Wang, B. Yan, Y. Li, F. Ye, J. Li and Q. Wang. 2014. Assessment of antioxidant defense system responses in the hepatopancreas of the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense exposed to lead. Hydrobiologia. 741(1): 3-12.
Livingstone, D. R., P. G. Martinez, X. Michel, J. F. Narbonne, S. O'Hara, D. Ribera and G. W. Winston. 1990. Oxyradical production as a pollution-mediated mechanism of toxicity in the common mussel, Mytilus edulis L., and other molluscs. Funct. Ecol. 4(3): 415-424.
Lombradi, B., N. Chandard and J. Locker. 1991. Nutritional model of hepatocarcino-genesis. Rats fed choline-devoid diet. Dig. Dis. Sci. 36(7) :979-984.
Luqing, P. and H. Zhang. 2006. Metallothionein, antioxidant enzymes and DNA strand breaks as biomarkers of Cd exposure in a marine crab, Charybdis japonica. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 144(1): 67-75.
Maddipati, K. R. and L. J. Marnett. 1987. Characterization of the major hydroperoxide-reducing activity of human plasma. Purification and properties of a selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase. J. Biol. Chem. 262(36): 17398-17403.
Marius, B. and T. H. Brouwer. 1998. Biochemical defense mechanisms against copper-induced oxidative damage in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 351(2): 257-264.
Michael S. and H. F. Dariush. 2006. Peroxisomes and oxidative stress. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1763(12): 1755-1766.
Phillips, J. W., R. J. W. McKinney, F. J. R. Hird and D.L. Macmillan. 1997. Lactic acid formation in crustaceans and the liver function of the midgut gland questioned. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B. 56(4): 427-433.
Pinho, G. L. L., C. M. D. Rosa, J. S. Yunes, C. M. Luquet, A. Bianchini and J. M. Monserrat. 2003. Toxic effects of microcystins in the hepatopancreas of the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulatus (Decapoda, Grapsidae). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 135(4): 459-468.
Pinho, G. L. L., M. D. Rosa, F. E. Maciel, A. Bianchini, J. S. Yunes, L. A. O. Proenca and J. M. Monserrat. 2005. Antioxidant responses and oxidative stress after microcystin exposure in the hepatopancreas of an estuarine crab species. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 61(3): 353-360.
Pugazhendy, K., A. Revathi, K. Murugan and J. S. Hwang. 2015. Chelating properties of Cardiospermum halicacabum against cadmium toxicity on antioxidant enzyme activities in the fresh water crab, Paratelphusa hydrodromaus. Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci. 2(5): 183-188.
Rameshthangam, P. and P. Ramasamy. 2006. Antioxidant and membrane bound enzymes activity in WSSV-infected Penaeus monodon Fabricius. Aquaculture. 254(1-4): 32-39.
Shan, Z., K. Zhu, H. Peng, B. Chen, J. Liu, F. Chen, X. Ma, S. Wang, K. Qiao and K. Wang. 2016. The new antimicrobial peptide SpHyastatin from the mud crab Scylla paramamosain with multiple antimicrobial mechanisms and high effect on bacterial infection. Front. Microbiol. 7(1140): 1-14.
Sies, H. 1993. Strategies of antioxidant defense. Eur. J. Biochem. 215(2):213-219.
Skinner, D. M. 1962. The structure and metabolism of a crustacean integumentary tissue during a molt cycle. Biol. Bull. 123(3): 635-647.
Söderhäll, K. and L. Cerenius. 1992. Crustacean immunity. Annu. Rev. Fish Dis. 2: 3-23.
Sole, M., L. D. Peters, K. Magnusson, A. Sjolin, A. Granmo and D. R. Livingstone, 1998. Responses of the cytochrome P450 dependant monooxygenase and other protective enzyme systems in digestive gland of transplanted common mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) to organic contaminants in the Skagerrak and Kattegat (North Sea). Biomarkers. 3(1): 49-62.
Srimeetian, P. 2010. Antioxidant and lipid peroxidation in molting cycle of mud crab (Scylla serrata Forskål 1775). MS Thesis, Kasetsart University, Bangkok. 91 pp. (in Thai)
Srimeetian, P. and J. Suwanmala. 2019. Growth rate of mud crabs (Scylla spp.) after molting. J. Fish. Tech. Res. 13(2): 25-36. (in Thai)
Storey, K. B. 1996. Oxidative stress: animal adaptations in nature. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 29(12): 1715-1733.
Struznka L, M. Chalimoniuk and G. Sulkowski. 2005. The role of astroglia in Pb-exposed adult rat brain with respect to glutamate toxicity. Toxicology. 212(2-3): 185-194.
Sun, B., Z. Wang, Z. Wang, X. Ma and F. Zhu. 2017. A proteomic study of hemocyte proteins from mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) infected with white spot syndrome virus or Vibrio alginolyticus. Front. Immunol. 8(468): 1-15.
Verri, T., A. Mandal, L. Zilli, D. Bossa, P. K. Mandal, L. Ingrosso, V. Zonno, S. Vilella and G. A. Ahearn. 2001. D-glucose transport in decapod crustacean hepatopancreas. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol. 130(3): 585-606.
Vijayavel, K., R.D. Gomathi, K. Durgabhavani and M. P. Balasubramanian. 2004. Sublethal effect of naphthalene on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in the edible marine crab Scylla serrata. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 48(5-6): 429-433.
Vinagre, T. M., J. C. Alciati, F. Regoli, R. Bocchetti, J. S. Yunes, A. Bianchini and J. M. Monserrat. 2003. Effect of microcystin on ion regulation and antioxidant system in gills of the estuarine crab Chasmagnathus granulatus (Decapoda, Grapsidae). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 135(1): 67-75.
Wang L., T. Xu, W. Lei, D. Liu, Y. Li, R. Xuan, and J. Ma. 2011. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic changes in the testis of freshwater crab, Sinopotamon henanense. PLos One. 6(11): 1-8.
Wang, J., P. Zhang, Q. Shen, Q. Wang, D. Liu , J. Li and L. Wang. 2013. The effects of cadmium exposure on the oxidative state and cell death in the gill of freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense. PLos One. 8(5): 1-9.
Warren, R. D., H. L. S. William, R. W. Jack, R. S. S. Wu, P. K. S. Lam and D. Nugegoda. 2005. Comparative effects of the blue green algae Nodularia spumigena and a lysed extract on detoxification and antioxidant enzymes in the green lipped mussel (Perna viridis). Mar. Pollu. Bulle. 51(8-12): 1026-1033.
White, J. S. and D. C. White. 1997. Source book of enzymes. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 1,008 pp.
Zhao Z., S. Li, C. Xie, L. Zhou, C. Li, W. Liu and X. Wen. 2015. Innate immune response and gene expression of Scylla paramamosain under Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. Aquaculture Research. 46(2): 462-471.
Zollner, H. 1993. Handbook of Enzyme Inhibitors, 2nd Edition. VCH Publishers, New York. 1,065 pp.