Factors Affecting the Pre-Weaning Mortality Rate of Piglet and Cause of Pre-Weaning Mortality in a Breeding Farm
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Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine Pre-Weaning Mortality rate (PWM) of piglets of Swine Research and Development Center. The data were collected from 4,889 litters of 1,447 sows which giving birth during the period of 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2020. Factors including sow breeds, piglets’ born alive per litter, piglets’ birth weight per litter and season were analyzed by using Least Square analysis. The result showed that the factors significantly influencing PWM were sow breeds, piglets’ born alive per litter and piglets’ birth weight per litter (P<0.01). The PWM (9.30±0.42%) of Duroc breed was higher than those of Landrace (5.87±0.52%), Large white (5.80±0.52%), Crossbred (5.59±0.30%) and Pietrain (4.96± 0.66%) (P<0.01). Positive regression coefficient between PWM and piglets’ born alive per litter was found as 0.72±0.14 %/piglet, whereas the regression coefficient between PWM and piglets birth weight per litter was negative (-0.52±0.10%/kg). The cause-specific Proportional Mortality Ratios (PMR) in trauma combined with weakness was 65.13%. Therefore, postpartum care of sows and piglets should be concern over Duroc breed, high number of piglets born alive per litter and low birth weight. As well as, having appropriate in control of trauma and weakness to reduce PWM.
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