Tetralogy of Fallot in an Alaskan malamute: a case report
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
A 3-month-old female Alaskan malamute was presented with a grade IV/VI systolic heart murmur, exercise intolerance, and anorexia. On examination, the dog was found to have cyanosis and inadequate growth. Echocardiography revealed a dextroposition of the aorta, a large ventricular septal defect, severe pulmonic stenosis (maximal velocity 4.77 m/s), and right ventricular hypertrophy. The dog was diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and managed medically with atenolol 0.3 mg/kg SID. The incidence of TOF in dogs has been reported to be approximately 0.6 - 1%. This report is the first to encompass a complete blood count, thoracic radiographs, and echocardiography findings in an Alaskan malamute diagnosed with TOF in Thailand.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Ågren, E., Söderberg, A. and Mörner, T. 2005. Fallot’s tetralogy in a European bear (Ursus arctos). J Wildl. Dis. 41(4): 825–828.
Apitz, C., Webb, G.D. and Redington, A.N. 2009. Tetralogy of Fallot. Lancet. 374: 1462–1471.
Brambilla, P.G., Polli, M., Pradelli, D., Papa, M., Rizzi, R., Bagardi, M. and Bussadori, C. 2020. Epidemiological study of congenital heart diseases in dog: Prevalence, popularity and volatility throughout twenty years of clinical practice. PLoS ONE 15(7): e0230160.
Beijerink, N.J., Oyama, M.A., Bonagura J.D. 2017. Congenital heart disease. In: Ettinger, S.J., Feldman, E.C., Côté, E. (eds.). Textbook of veterinary internal medicine. 8th ed. Elsevier, St. Louis, MO; p. 1207–1248.
Boon, J. A. 2002. Two Dimensional and M-Mode Echocardiography for the small animal practioner. Teton New Media, Whyoming 125 p.
Bonagura, J.D. and Lehmkuhl, L. B. 1999. Congenital heart disease. In: Fox P.R., Sisson D. and Moïse N.S. (Eds.), Textbook of canine and feline cardiology: Principles and clinical practice. Saunders Press. Philadelphia 471–535.
Brockman, D.J., Holt, D.E., Gaynor, J.W. and Theman, T.E. 2007. Long-term palliation of tetralogy of Fallot in dogs by use of a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt. J Am Vet Med Assoc.; 231(5): 721–726.
Chetboul, V., Pitsch, I., Tissier, R., Gouni, V., Misbach, C., Trehiou-Sechi, E., Petit, A.M., Damoiseaux, C., Pouchelon, J-L., Desquilbet, L. and Bomassi, E. 2016. Epidemiological, clinical, and echocardiographic features and survival times of dogs and cats with tetralogy of Fallot: 31 cases (2003-2014). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 249(8):909–917.
Michaelson, M. and Ho, S.Y. 2000. Congenital heart malformations in mammal: An Illustrated Text. Imperial College Press, London. 132–134.