Anti-viral Activity of Four Mixed Herbal Extracts Against Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV) in Cell Lines
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Abstract
Chicken anemia virus (CAV) causes chicken infectious anemia (CIA), the major immunosuppressive disease in chickens. However, licensed vaccines could not be used for all ages of chickens, and there are no effective anti-viral drugs to treat CIA. Chinese medicinal herbs have been reported for anti-viral activity. In this present study, mixed extracts were tested for anti-CAV activities in the MSB-1 cell line. The cytotoxicity was carried out through an MTT assay. The extracts were tested for pre- and post-infection anti-viral activities at 30 min, 1, 2, and 4 hrs. The results showed that 50% cytotoxic concentration was 84.77 µg/ml. Our pre-treatment results demonstrated that the mixed extracts (15.625 µg/ml) showed anti-viral activity against CAV in vitro with incubated 2 to 4 hrs and significantly reduced virus titers. We suggested that these extracts act during the adsorption phase. On the other hand, the post-treatment results exhibited that the mixed extracts did not have anti-viral activity. The potent anti-viral effect of a single active component was implicated. However, their anti-viral action's possible synergistic or interference effect mechanisms of mixed compounds have not been studied yet.
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