Effects of Culture Medium on In Vitro Growth and Development of Dendrobium garrettii Seidenf., A Rare Orchid of Thailand
Keywords:
Dendrobium, Endemic plant, Micropropagation, N6-benzyladenineAbstract
Dendrobium garrettii Seidenf. is a miniature orchid, which is native and found only in Thailand. This species consumes time for growth, and is confronting with the problem of smuggling out of the natural habitat leading to a dramatic decrease in its population. Therefore, its status is an endangered species. To conserve and prevent extinction, this research established the suitable medium for ex situ conservation of D. garrettii based on plant tissue culture. Two steps of study were done by clarifying the appropriate strength of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and investigating the effect of N6-benzyladenine (BA) on in vitro culture and multiplication of this plant. Clean cultures of D. garrettii with pseudobulb at the height of 1 cm were inoculated onto 3 different strengths of MS culture media (¼MS, ½MS, MS) supplemented with 1 g/L activated charcoal (AC). After 8 weeks, all explants cultured on ½MS+AC medium could survive with the highest production in number of new shoot (1.00+0.13 shoots/explant) and root (1.69+0.32 roots/explant). The pseudobulbs of regenerated shoots, having 1 cm height from ½MS+AC medium, were subsequently excised and cultured onto ½MS+AC medium supplemented with 0-8 mg/L BA. At 12 weeks, all of these explants were transferred onto BA-free ½MS+AC medium for 8 weeks. The result revealed that the ½MS+AC medium without BA was the best medium for propagating this rare orchid. Therefore, BA did not significantly affect shoot proliferation in this species. However, in vitro flowering was noticed when explants were cultured onto ½MS+AC medium supplemented with 2-4 mg/L BA. This finding may be applied for in vitro pollination which may be advantage for conservation of D. garrettii in the future. These presented consequences can be used as a basic approach for conserving this plant and may act as an additional method to sustain the biodiversity of Thailand.
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