Diversity and Distribution of Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) in Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Narathiwat Province
Keywords:
Net-spinning caddisflies, Headwater stream, Southern ThailandAbstract
Diversity and distributions of Hydropsychidae caddisflies were investigated at 4 headwater streams of Sirindhorn, Sairung, Sritaksin and Bale Waterfalls in Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Narathiwat Province. Field samplings were conducted during June to September 2019 and February to May 2020. Samples of the larvae were collected using hand picking and a D-frame net (mesh 425 µm) whereas those of the adults were collected using an ultraviolet light trap. Some physico-chemical parameters of water quality were also measured using field water quality equipment. Eight thousand, nine hundred and twenty of larval individuals were found included three subfamilies and nine genera. Results of this study showed that Macronematinae was the most diverse (5 genera) included Macrostemum, Oestropsyche, Pseudoleptonema, Trichomacronema and Polymorphanisus followed by Hydropsychinae (3 genera) included Cheumatopsyche, Hydropsyche, Hydromanicus and Diplectroninae was only found Diplectrona, respectively. Cheumatopsyche was the most abundant with 6,235 individuals (69.90%). Cheumatopsyche, Hydropsyche and Diplectrona were both dominant and widespread taxa and found at all sites of collection and almost every month of collection. However, narrow distribution and a few of individuals of Pseudoleptonema was found and recorded only in Sirindhorn Waterfall. Two thousand, three hundred and thirty-nine adult individuals were found included 3 subfamilies, 6 genera and 28 species. In adults, Hydropsychinae showed high diversity with 21 species followed by Macronematinae (5 species) and Diplectroninae (2 species), respectively. Cheumatopsyche copia was dominant, widespread and high abundant which is in accordance with the result of larvae. Macrostemum midas was also dominant species in Sirindhorn, Sairung and Bale Waterfalls.
References
Boonsoong, B. (2014). Field Guide to Larvae of Mayflies, Stoneflies and Caddisflies in Thailand. Kasetsart University Press, Bangkok. (in Thai).
Collier, K.J., Smith, B.J., & Baillie, B.R. (1997). Summer Light-trap Catches of Adult Trichoptera in Hill country Catchments of Contrasting Land Use, Waikato, New Zealand. New Zealand. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 31(5), 623-634.
Collier, K.J., & Smith, B.J. (2000). Interactions of Adult Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with Riparian Zones I. Effects of Air Temperature and Humidity on Longevity. Aquatic Insects, 22(4), 275-284.
De Moor, F.C., & Ivanov, V.D. (2008). Global Diversity of Caddisflies (Trichoptera: Insecta) in Freshwater. Hydrobiologia, 595(1), 393-407.
Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation. (2019). Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary. Retrieved January 8, 2019, from http://pattani.dnp.go.th/base/ap_hala.html.
Holzenthal, R.W., Blahnik, R.J., Prather, A.L., & Kjer, K.M. (2007). Order Trichoptera Kirby, 1813 (Insecta), Caddisflies. Zootaxa, 639-698.
Krebs, C.J. (1999). Ecological Methodology, (2nd ed.) (pp 535). Menlo Park: Addison Wesley Longman.
Laudee, P., & Prommi, T. (2011). Biodiversity and Distribution of Trichoptera Species along the Tapee River, Surat Thani Province, Southern Thailand. Zoosymposia, 5(1), 279-287.
Malicky, H. (2010). Atlas of Southeast Asian Trichoptera. Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai. (in Thai).
Mansukphol, P., & Prommi, T. (2012). Environmental Risk Assessment of Cadmium in Stream Sediments and Aquatic Insects (Hydropsychidae: Trichoptera) in Streams Contaminated in Mining Areas. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 10(1), 101-111.
Morse, J.C. (2011). The Trichoptera World Checklist. Zoosymposia, 5, 372-380.
Morse, J.C., Frandsen, P.B., Graf, W., & Thomas, J.A. (2019). Review: Diversity and Ecosystem Services of Trichoptera. Insects, 10(5), 1-25.
Morse, J.C., Lian, Y., & Lixin, T. (eds). (1994). Aquatic Insects of China Useful for Monitoring Water Quality. Nanjing: Hohai University Press. 570 pp.
Phutthanurak, T., & Thapanya, D. (2020). Distribution and Occurrence of Four Caddisfly Species in Genus Macrostemum along Nan River in Nan Province, Thailand. Chiang Mai University Journal of Natural Sciences, 19(4), 1012-1028.
Prommi, T. (2006). Taxonomy of Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera) in Mountain Streams of Southern Thailand. (Doctoral dissertation). Thesis, Prince of Songkhla University.
Prommi, T. (2012). Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) as Bio-indicators of Water Quality. Khon Kaen University Science Journal, 40(3), 654-666.
Prommi, T., Laudee, P., & Chareonviriyaphap, T. (2014). Biodiversity of Adult Trichoptera and Water Quality Variables in Streams, Northern Thailand. APCBEE Procedia, 10, 292-298.
Prommi, T., Permkam, S., & Malicky, H. (2006). The Immature Stages of Pseudoleptonema quinquefasciatum Mart. and P. supalak Malicky & Chantaramongkol (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). Braueria, 33, 26-30.
Prommi, T., Seetapan K., & Thamsenanupap, P. (2012). Diversity and Seasonality of Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) at Champathong Waterfall, Northern Thailand. Suan Dusit University Research Journal, 5(2), 125-137.
Prommi, T., & Thani, I. (2014). Diversity of Trichoptera Fauna and its Correlation with Water Quality Parameters at Pasak Cholasit reservoir, Central Thailand. The Environment and Natural Resources Journal, 12(2), 35-41.
Resh, V.H., & Rosenburg, D.M. (1984). The Ecology of Aquatic Insects. New York: Praeger Publisher.
Rosenberg, D.M., & Resh, V.H. (1993). Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. Chapman and Hall: New York.
Sangpradub, N., & Boonsoong, B. (2006). Identification of Freshwater Invertebrates of the Mekong River and its Tributaries. Vientiane: Mekhong River Commission.
Skuja, A. (2011). Microhabitat Preference of Caddisfly (Trichoptera) Communities in a Medium Sized Lowland Stream in Latvia. Zoosymposia, 5, 425-433.
Soontornprasit, K., Valunpion, S., Fakkaeo, S., & Aumtong, P. (2017). Use of Aquatic Insects as Bioindicators of Water Quality in Tributaries of Nong Leng Sai Wetland, Phayao Province. Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 45(4), 653-662.
Thamsenanupap, P., & Prommi, T. (2020). Influence of Water Quality Parameters on Larval Stages of Pseudoleptonema quinquefasciatum Martynov 1935 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in Streams of Western Thailand. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 3(13), 305-311.
Thapanya, D., Chantaramongkol, P., & Malicky, H. (2004). An Updated Survey of Caddisflies (Trichoptera, Insecta) from Doi Suthep-Pui and Doi Inthanon National Parks, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University, 4(1), 21-40.
Thawarorit, K., Suksupan, P., & Sangpradub, N. (2017). Diversity of Mayflies, Stoneflies and Caddisflies (Order Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) in Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary, Narathiwat Province. Princess of Naradhiwas University Journal, 9(3), 149-161.
Wildlife Conservation Office. (2020). Hala-Bala Wildlife Research Station. Waeng, Narathiwat. Hala-Bala Wildlife Research Station.
Yule, C.M., & Sen, Y.H. (2004). Freshwater Invertebrates of the Malaysian Region. Malaysia: Academy of Science Malaysia.
